Russbach (Danube)
| Russbach | ||
 Russbach |
||
| Data | ||
| location | Lower Austria | |
| River system | Danube | |
| Drain over | Danube → Black Sea | |
| source | above salmon field north of Stockerau 48 ° 27 ′ 30 ″ N , 16 ° 20 ′ 20 ″ E |
|
| Source height | approx. 300 m above sea level A. | |
| muzzle | opposite Hainburg in the Danube Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ 17 ″ N , 16 ° 57 ′ 30 ″ E 48 ° 10 ′ 17 ″ N , 16 ° 57 ′ 30 ″ E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 140 m above sea level A. | |
| Height difference | approx. 160 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 2.3 ‰ | |
| length | 71 km | |
| Catchment area | 580.4 km² | |
| Small towns | Wolkersdorf in the Weinviertel , Deutsch-Wagram | |
The Russbach or Russbach is a small tributary of the Danube in the Weinviertel of Lower Austria .
Run
The Russbach has a considerable length of around 71 km - measured by its flow rate, which is still low at the mouth.
It rises from a swampy depression above the village of Lachsfeld north of Stockerau (approx. 270 m above sea level ) and flows through Würnitz - the Kreuttal - Schleinbach - Ulrichskirchen - Wolkersdorf - Obersdorf - Pillichsdorf - Deutsch-Wagram - Parbasdorf - Markgrafneusiedl - Leopoldsdorf im Marchfelde - Engelhartstetten .
It flows into the Danube near Hainburg (approx. 140 m above sea level ).
Its main backwater is the Marchfeld Canal , which flows into Deutsch-Wagram.
history
The name is derived from the Middle High German term * rust, which stands for the elm tree genus and refers to the vegetation accompanying the banks.
During the Austro-Prussian War (1866) the Russbach was the demarcation line between the enemy armies.
The Russbach used to meander and was surrounded by extensive wetlands . From the end of the 18th century, the water body began to be straightened and lowered. The river has been degraded to a drainage ditch, the task of which is to drain the water as quickly as possible. On the one hand, this should protect the settlements against floods and, above all, enable more intensive agricultural use of the river area. Since wetlands and backwaters serve as receiving waters during floods and dampen the flood peaks in the places downstream, the measures have on the contrary increased the risk of flooding in many places. In addition, valuable habitats for animal and plant species that have now become rare have been destroyed and biodiversity has been reduced. From the end of the 20th century, attempts were made to improve the ecological and flood situation by building retention areas , widening the water, creating small bodies of water and increasing the structural diversity in the river bed and bank area. Since 1992 the Rußbach has been fed with water from the Danube via the Marchfeld Canal. This led to a significant rise in the groundwater level in the Marchfeld , and the Russbach, which in places had almost dried up, even became a body of water that could be navigated by small boats.
See also: Waters in the Weinviertel
Individual evidence
- ↑ BMLFUW (Hrsg.): Area directory of the river areas: Danube area from the Enns to the Leitha. In: Contributions to Austria's Hydrography Issue 62, Vienna 2014, p. 123. PDF download , accessed on July 8, 2018.
- ↑ a b Heinz Wiesbauer and Manuel Denner: Wetlands - Natural and Cultural History of the Weinviertel Waters , Vienna 2013 (published by the Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management and the Office of the Lower Austrian Provincial Government, Department of Water Management)
