Rue des Rosiers

Rue des Rosiers
A bakery on the Pletzl
location
Arrondissement	4th
quarter	Saint-Gervais (Paris)
Beginning	13, rue Malher
The End	42, rue Vieille-du-Temple
morphology
length	650 m
width	4.50 to 11 m
history
Emergence	before 1230
designation	before 1230
Coding
Paris	8335

The Rue des Rosiers ( German  : "Street of the rose bushes" ) is a 303 meter long street in the Marais in the center of Paris , which runs through part of the 4th arrondissement in an east-west direction. The slightly curved, dark and narrow main part of the road was preserved from the realignment of the route during Georges-Eugène Haussmann's major renovation work.

Connection

The street can be reached via the Métro Paris line , Saint-Paul station .

Name origin

According to Jacques Hillairet , it was named as early as 1230 because of the rose bushes that grew in the gardens. another source, Jean de La Tynna, confirms that the name has been around since 1233.

meaning

Two typical sandwiches, falafel and kebab

The Rue des Rosiers is emblematic of the Jewish community of Paris and is home to many shops, grocery stores, bookstores and restaurants. The street is known for the falafel , which is served by five competing restaurants. Since the 1980s, luxury boutiques for clothing and perfume have also settled here; these are slowly changing the look of the street, to the annoyance of some traders and residents who have already protested and petitions. As a result, the street was paved with cobblestone in 2007 and the lighting and planting were renewed. In this way it regained its calm, original character, similar to other small streets in the Marais . It has been a pedestrian zone on Sundays since 2006 and then, like the neighboring Rue des Francs-Bourgeois, is very busy. The rest of the time, it is not even used very much by cars thanks to bumps and a speed limit of 30 km / h.

The Jardin Francs-Bourgeois-Rosiers , an amalgamation of the gardens of the Hôtel de Coulanges , the Hôtel de Barbes and the Hôtel d'Albret , has been accessible from number 10 on Rue des Rosiers since 2014 . It leads to houses 35 to 37 on rue des Francs-Bourgeois . The first section was opened in 2007. In 2013 it was decided to build a passage to the second construction phase of the garden through house number 10 on rue des Rosiers. The garden was completed in 2014 and has been called Jardin des Rosiers - Joseph-Migneret since then .

history

View of the Rue des Rosiers ...

... from the west

... from the east

The street seems to have been laid in the 13th century along the former city wall, which was built by Philip II of France . Its name has been documented since 1230 and goes back to the rose bushes that climbed the wall there. Remains of the former city wall can still be seen, for example, in the courtyard of house number 8 and at houses 10 and 14.

The rue des Rosiers originally began on rue du Roi-de-Sicile , followed today's rue Ferdinand-Duval and finally ran after a curve to rue Vieille-du-Temple . The westernmost part of today's Rue des Rosiers between Rue Ferdinand-Duval and Rue Pavée was originally a cul-de-sac, Rue de la Quoquerée (1292), Cul-de-sac de la Lamproie (1400), Rue Coquerée (1415), Rue Coquerrie (1540) and then Cul-de-sac Coquerelle (or Impasse Coquerelle) was called. From 1848 to 1850 the street was finally expanded and extended to Rue Malher . Today's Rue Ferdinand-Duval was separated from Rue des Rosiers in the 16th century and was given the name “Rue des Juifs” (in German: Judengasse), before being returned to “Rue Ferdinand-Duval” in 1900 after the Dreyfus Affair “Was renamed.

The Jewish community there has existed for a very long time, it has experienced many political economic cycles, for example the expulsion of Jews from France by Charles VI in 1394 . from France , which resulted in a lot of immigration and emigration. Between 1881 and 1914 there was a large influx of people, with around 20,000 people settling in the quarter after persecution in their homeland Romania , Austria-Hungary and Russia . This influx also explains the large number of Yiddish-speaking Ashkenazi Jews in the 20th century so-called Pletzl (named according to the German diminutive Plätzel after the popularly so-called nearby Place Saint-Paul), but Sephardi are definitely represented.

The rue des Rosiers was also a place of Christian culture. At the corner of the Rue des Rosiers and the Rue Ferdinand-Duval stood a statue of the Virgin Mary , which was damaged in 1528 during the riots against Protestants. To replace this, King Francis I of France had a replica made of silver built, which was stolen in 1545. Replaced by a stone statue, it disappeared completely after 1789.

When Montmartre was still an independent municipality at the gates of Paris, there was also a rue des Rosiers there. To avoid confusion, it was renamed when it was incorporated into Rue du Chevalier-de-la-Barre .

Well-known buildings

House number 4 on rue des Rosiers, the facade of the old hammam Saint-Paul

• House number 4 was home to a prestigious steam bath, the “Hammam sauna Saint-Paul”, built in 1863 at a time when many apartments did not yet have a bathroom. It was sold in 1990 and has been a shop since then, where various furniture and clothing dealers have been based. The facade still bears the lettering "HAMMAM SAINT-PAUL - SAUNA - PISCINE" (German: Steam bath Saint-Paul - sauna - swimming pool), reminiscent of the original use.

House number 4a, entrance to the "École de travail"

• In house number 4a there is a private vocational school, the "École de travail". Originally it was an apprentice home in 1852 called "Société de patronage des apprentis et ouvriers israélites de Paris" (Protection Society of Israelite Apprentices and Workers of Paris) was founded by three students from good families. At the beginning of 1865 a boarding school moved in here, which was run by a non-profit organization founded in 1878. The first graduate left school in 1869 after learning the watchmaking trade. In 1885 the “École de travail” acquired the building, and from 1907 “theory courses” were also offered to supplement teaching.
  The Nazi era demanded a sad tribute from the “École”, which is reminiscent of a plaque with the following text: “À LA MÉMOIRE DU DIRECTEUR, DU PERSONNEL ET DES ÉLÈVES DE CETTE ÉCOLE ARRÊTÉS EN 1943 ET 1944 PAR LA POLICE DE VICHY ET LA GESTAPO , DÉPORTÉS ET EXTERMINÉS À AUSCHWITZ PARCE QUE NÉS JUIFS. »(“ In memory of the director, the staff and the students of this school, who were arrested in 1943 and 1944 by the Vichy police and the Gestapo, abducted and murdered in Auschwitz because they were born Jews. ”)
  Former students of "École" was also Wolf Wajsbrot , a member of the " Manouchian Group ", who was shot in the fortress of Mont Valérien for participating in the Resistance .
  In 1957, the "École" joined World ORT and became a full-time vocational school. After the statutes were changed in 1961 and 1973, the “École” became a “ Center de formation d'apprentis ” (CFA). In 2002 the “École” opened a second building in Paris.
  The following year it was the site of an ethnological study. In 2009 Hubert Saksik resigned from his post as head of the school.

The old Goldenberg restaurant, the building has housed a ready-made clothing boutique since 2010

• At number 7 , on the corner of Rue des Rosiers and Rue Ferdinand-Duval, was Jo Goldenberg's prestigious restaurant, known for its traditional Jewish cuisine, until it closed in 2006. In 1982 this restaurant was attacked with 6 fatalities and 22 injured. Even after 10 years, a bullet hole could still be seen in the shop window. In 2010 a clothing store purchased the premises. The front remained unchanged.

• In house number 16 , in the former “Café des Psaumes” on the ground floor of the building that belongs to the “Offices publics d'aménagement et de construction” (OPAC), a state-owned social housing company, cultural events such as exhibitions and film screenings were occasionally held. In the courtyard you can find the remains of a town house, especially an entrance staircase and a mascaron . The place is used by the “Œuvre de secours aux enfants” (Child Protection Association), which runs a social café there.

The 'school' (synagogue) at number 25 on rue des Rosiers

• Houses number 17 and number 25 house the two synagogues on this street where Menachem Mendel Schneerson taught, who later became the most important rabbi of the Lubavitch movement. Both are synagogues that do not belong to the Consistoire central israélite . The synagogue in house number 17 can be recognized by the red glow of the Eternal Light on the first floor, the other one in house number 25 by a sign on the first floor with the inscription “school”, the Yiddish word for synagogue. La schule du 17 (Eng. “The Synagogue of House 17”) calls itself “Marzikéi Adath” (Eng. “Those who advance the community”). This Chabad synagogue was, according to its own website, the oldest place of Jewish worship in Paris. It was housed in an old apartment, some dating to the 18th century, others to the 19th century (1879), although the building dates back to the 18th century. There are organized guided tours there every month, including during the “Festival du Pletzl”, which takes place every year in May.

• At the beginning of the 20th century, house number 22 was home to the social restaurant “Au fourneau économique”, a forerunner of the “ Restos du cœur ”, where you could eat very cheaply. In 1914 you got a portion of meat, a soup or a plate of vegetables for 2 sous, the equivalent of around 2 euro cents. The bread as a side dish had to be provided by yourself.

• House number 23 is an old 17th century townhouse that stands on the site of a building owned by François Bugadel and then the Count of Tancarville. In 1650 it belonged to a certain Genlis, in 1750 it went to the Lieutenant of the Cavalry d'Estat. The evil legend spread about him that he owed his rise to his wife's behavior, which his rivals said: "Quand on fait son chemin par l'épée, c'est bien moins rapide que par la robe." : "If you make your way through the sword, it is considerably slower than through the robe.")

• Yvette Feuillet (* January 25, 1920 † 1943), who was a member of the Forces françaises de l'intérieur (FFI) with the rank of sergeant, lived in house number 26 , deported and murdered in Auschwitz, awarded the Order of the Resistance. A plaque commemorates them. Her father was a baker, she herself was a worker in a lamp factory in the 11th arrondissement, on Rue Sedaine. She was also the treasurer of the home on rue des Rosiers where she lived.

• House number 33 was sold to grocer Henri Bruslé in 1645 by notarial contract.

• Louis Shapiro (* March 28, 1913 † April 30, 1944), resistance fighter and commander of the FTPF , lived in house number 34 , shot dead on Mont Valérien . A plaque above the front door of the building commemorates him.

• House number 35 was seized in 1645 at the request of Philippe de Champaigne , so Claude Bourgeois had to sell it to a pastry chef named Étienne Laporte.

The rue des Rosiers in literature and film

A well-known bakery on the corner of Rue des Rosiers and Rue des Écouffes

A sequence of the 1973 film The Adventures of Rabbi Jacob ( French Les aventures de Rabbi Jacob ) by Gérard Oury takes place in the unrecognizable Rue des Rosiers in Paris. The camera lingers on the street sign for a long time, but the shooting for the exterior scenes was actually shot in a street in Saint-Denis and not in Paris; the interior shots especially of the synagogue in the studio.

One of the adventures of Nestor Burma's series The New Secrets of Paris ( French Les nouveaux mystères de Paris ) is the episode Trace into the Ghetto ( French Du rébecca rue des Rosiers ). In it, Léo Malet describes the district as it was around 1958. In 1992, Maurice Frydland brought the series onto television; one of the scenes takes place in the Librairie Bibliophane at number 26 on Rue des Rosiers, which also became a clothing store in 2010.

The Bibliophane publishing house at number 26 on the street published a novel by the author Michèle Kahn entitled Le Schnorrer de la rue des Rosiers , in which a beggar hears the (true) story of a happy man who escaped from several concentration camps .

Memory and identity

The Quartier Saint-Gervais , in the Rue des Rosiers is located is according to Anne Grynberg :

«Tout un univers d'immigrés issus de la yiddishkeit (culture du monde yiddish) avec lequel beaucoup de Juifs gardent toujours un lien, fort encore ou bien ténu, qui les conduit à venir le dimanche arpenter les rues du quartier, à se presser à la veille des fêtes pour acheter rue des Rosiers ou rue des Écouffes des produits traditionnels qu'ils pourraient trouver beaucoup plus près de chez eux, à faire un détour pour déguster un morceau de strudel aux pommes cher aux Juifs de Pologne, une brik qui rappelle l'Algérie, ou un falafel, emblématique de la nourriture israélienne… Car mémoire et identité se mêlent et en dehors des emplettes qu'on pour évidemment faire ailleurs, on hume comme un parfum d'enfance - de son enfance, de celle de ses parents voire de ses grands-parents -, on croise des gens qui s'apprêtent à célébrer la même fête, on se dit “Shabbat Shalom” le vendredi. »

“A whole universe of immigrants from Yiddish ( Yiddish world culture), with whom many Jews still have a connection, whether still strong or very weak, which leads them to walk the streets of the neighborhood on Sundays; On the eve of the festivities, to rush to buy traditional products on rue des Rosiers or rue des Écouffes , which they could also find much closer to their home; to go around detours for the bite into a piece of apple strudel , which is so dear to the Polish Jews , for brik , which is reminiscent of Algeria, or for falafel , symbol of Israeli food ... Because memory and identity merge, and next to the purchases, which, of course, you could just as easily do elsewhere, you can smell something like the smell of childhood - your own childhood, that of your parents or even your grandparents; you run into people who are preparing for the same festival ; one greets each other on Fridays with " Sabbath Shalom". "

The song La rue des Rosiers , sung by Pia Colombo in 1960, reflects the atmosphere of the time immediately before the war. The author of the text, Silvain Reiner , tells the story of the street in stark contrasts.

La rue des Rosiers

French text

translation

«Il n'y a plus de roses In the rue des Rosiers Il n'y a plus de roses Elles sont mortes en été. C'était en plein Marais Une rue où grouillait La vie belle et sa rage Une rue qui sentait Le hareng qu'on fumait Et la folie des sages Un bonjour se chantait, Se riait, se criait, Bonjour à la française Un beau jour une affaire Un beau jour une misère Doux comme un lit de fraises La rue des oubliés La rue des émigrés La rue des retrouvailles Il n'y a plus de roses Dans la rue des Rosiers Il n'y a plus de roses Elles sont mortes en été . »

“There are no more roses in the rue des Rosiers. There are no more roses, you died in the summer. There was a street in the middle of the Marais that was teeming with the good life and its anger, A street that smelled of herring being smoked, And the madness of the wise men sang a good day to themselves , They laughed, they screamed good ones Day the French way. The one beautiful day and a business The other beautiful day and a misery Soft and sweet as a bed of strawberries The street of the forgotten The street of the emigrants The street of reunion There are no more roses In the rue des Rosiers. There are no more roses, you died in the summer. "

Literature and publications

Recordings of the chanson

• Gaston Bonheur: Rue des Rosiers. Presented by Régine in: La fille que je suis. 1966.
• Silvain Reiner: La rue des Rosiers. Presented by Pia Colombo in: Pia Colombo à l'Olympia. 1967.
• Jean Gaido-Daniel: Rue des Rosiers. around 1980.

Fonts

• Jeanne Brody: Le quartier de la rue des Rosiers, ou l'histoire d'un cheminement. (PDF; 190 kB). In: Chemins de la ville. Inquiries ethnologiques. Foreword by Nicole Belmont. Éditions du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques [CTHS], Paris 1987, ISBN 2-7355-0143-4 , pp. 85-102.
• Léo Malet : You rebecca rue des Rosiers, 4th arrondissement. Nestor Burma. Novel. Fleuve noir, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-265-06825-X .
• Michèle Kahn: Le Shnorrer de la rue des Rosiers. (Le temps d'un livre). Novel. Bibliophane-Daniel Radford, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-86970-054-7 .
• Jeanne Brody: Rue des Rosiers, une manière d'être juif. Foreword by Nancy L. Green, Essai. Autrement, Paris 2002, ISBN 2-86260-526-3 .
• Jacques Lanzmann : Rue des Rosiers. Novel. Éditions du Rocher, Paris 2002, ISBN 2-253-06701-6 .
• Frédéric de Goldschmidt: L'école de travail, rue des Rosiers. Maîtrise d'ethnologie, Université de Paris VII, Paris 2002/2003.
• Dominique Zardi: Rue des Rosiers . Novel. Dualpha, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-912476-67-4 .
• Jacques Lanzmann: Rue des Rosiers, tome 2. On a retrouvé David. Novel. LGF, Paris 2004, ISBN 2-253-10962-2 .
• Alain Vincenot: Les larmes de la rue des Rosiers. Syrtes, 2010, ISBN 978-2-84545-154-4 .

Web links

Commons : Rue des Rosiers (Paris)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Du refuge au piège - Les juifs dans le Marais ( Memento of October 18, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) on v1.paris.fr, exhibition from 2005
• Dossier de presse sur le réaménagement de la rue (2003–2006): réunions publiques, ateliers de travail, affichage… ( Memento of February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 938 kB) on lp-conseils.com
• Photo de la Rue des Rosiers avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale ( Memento from June 22, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) on ushmm.org

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The street is in the Jewish quarter. A square in it has been given the Yiddish name Pletzl .
2. ^ Jacques Hillairet, Dictionnaire historique des rues de Paris , 1985, Éditions de Minuit , Section 366
3. ^ Jean de La Tynna, Dictionnaire topographique, étymologique et historique des rues de Paris , 1817
4. ↑ arrête praefectoral. (No longer available online.) Prefecture de police de Paris, archived from the original ; Retrieved May 7, 2013 (French). 
5. ↑ Jardin Francs-Bourgeois-Rosiers ( Memento of the original dated May 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on paris.fr 
6. ↑ Débat / Conseil municipal / Février 2013. Votes spécifiques. Conseil Municipal, accessed on June 11, 2013 (French): “2013 DEVE 4 Convention de délégation de maîtrise d'ouvrage avec Paris Habitat pour la réalisation d'un passage dans l'immeuble 10 rue des Rosiers pour l'aménagement de la seconde tranche du jardin Francs-Bourgeois-Rosiers (4e) " 
7. ^ Paris à l'époque de Philippe Auguste, le mur rive droite rue des rosiers. Retrieved May 7, 2013 (French). 
8. ^ Dictionnaire administratif et historique des rues et monuments de Paris . ( Full text in Google Book Search).
9. ↑ The interior designers wrote in the concrete of the entrance area, covered by several shoes: "En ces lieux se tenait le Hammam Saint-Paul de 1863 à 1990". ("This is where the Hammam Saint-Paul stood from 1863 to 1990 ")
10. ^ École de travail. Retrieved May 7, 2013 (French). 
11. ^ Frédéric de Goldschmidt: L'École de Travail. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original ; Retrieved May 7, 2013 (French). 
12. ↑ The restaurant offered both kosher and non-kosher delicacies. The tourists were influenced by the clearly visible Star of David in the shop window.
13. ↑ ^{a b} La rue des Rosiers achève sa mue. Le Parisien , January 6, 2010, accessed January 25, 2010 . 
14. ↑ Shul du 17 rue des Rosiers. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 28, 2011 ; Retrieved on May 7, 2013 (in French, the archive does not seem to be available either). 
15. ^ Jean Pierre Babelon: Le Marais, mythe et réalité . Caisse nationale des monuments historiques et des sites, Ministère de la culture, 1987, ISBN 2-85822-075-1 ( limited preview in Google book search).
16. ↑ Jacques Gutwirth: La renaissance du hassidisme . éditions Odile Jacob, 2004, ISBN 2-7381-1498-9 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
17. ↑ Dominique Jarrasse, Sylvain Ageorges: Guide du patrimoine juif Parisien . Parigrams, 2003, ISBN 2-84096-247-0 ( limited preview in Google book search).
18. ↑ Michel Ostertag: Les stroll parisiennes de l'Oncle Jérôme. Retrieved May 7, 2013 (French). 
19. ↑ A portrait of Yvette Feuillet can be found in Antoine Porcu: Guerre 39–45. Héroïques femmes en resistance . Le Geai Bleu, 2006, ISBN 2-914670-36-2 , pp. 192 . Some biographical information is available at culture-archives.com
20. ↑ Laurent Bourdelas, Patrick Le Louarn: Le Paris de Nestor Burma, l'Occupation et les "Trente glorieuses" de Léo Malet . L'Harmattan, Paris 2007, ISBN 2-296-02462-9 , pp. 189 (French).
21. ^ Anne Grynberg: Mémoire et identité juives . In: Vivre et survivre dans le Marais . Le Manuscrit, 2005, ISBN 2-7481-5132-1 .
22. ↑ La rue des Rosiers (1967), sung by Pia Colombo, written by Silvain Reiner and Joël Holmès

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Coordinates: 48 ° 51 '25.5 "  N , 2 ° 21' 34.5"  E