SMS fatherland
.svg){kind=small}
|
|
|---|---|
 SMS fatherland |
|
| Overview | |
| Type | River gunboat |
| Shipyard | |
| Order | 1902 |
| Keel laying | 1903 |
| Launch | August 26, 1903 |
| Commissioning | May 28, 1904 in Shanghai |
| Whereabouts | Confiscated March 20, 1917 |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
Construction: 223 t |
| length |
KWL : 48 m |
| width |
8.0 m |
| Draft |
0.94 m |
| crew |
3 officers , 44 enlisted men and NCOs |
| drive |
|
| speed |
13 kn |
| Range |
1630 nm at 9 kn |
| Armament |
|
| Bunker quantity |
85 tons of coal |
The SMS Vaterland (later in Chinese Li-Sui or Japanese Risui ) was a river gunboat of the Imperial Navy , which operated on the Yangtze in China from 1904 to 1914 and was subordinate to the East Asian Cruiser Squadron .
Type and sister ship was the SMS Tsingtau .
Naming
The name "Vaterland" was chosen by Kaiser Wilhelm II as a symbolic demonstration of power for the German residents living in China .
construction
Like the lead ship of the class, SMS Tsingtau , the Vaterland was specially designed for its task and had an extremely shallow draft in order to be able to operate on the Yangtze.
The boat was built in sections and could be transported disassembled. After transport in three parts on the HAPAG - steamer Bisgravia in February 1904, was the fatherland in Shanghai reassembled and put into service on May 28, 1904th
Service under the imperial flag
1905-1910
The Vaterland undertook several trips on the Yangtze and the Dongting and Poyang Lakes . When riots broke out in Shanghai on December 18, 1905, she and the gunboat SMS Tiger issued a landing command .
In April 1907 she undertook a trip to the upper area of the Yangtze and met the British gunboat HMS Woodlark and HMS Woodcock and the French gunboat Orly off Chongqing on May 4th . Together with the Woodlark , she then operated in Wanshien , where riots had broken out. A German missionary was evacuated. In July 1907 a 22-month stay in front of Chongqing began, as the admiral's staff as well as the naval directors of the other foreign powers in China found a constant presence of naval forces on site to be necessary due to the unrest. In 1908 the boat made a trip on the Min River . Your commander and some companions visited the provincial capital Chengdu .
In 1909 the Vaterland only carried out routine trips. In May 1910, the boat stopped off Yichang due to riots . She later went to Shanghai for repairs.
1911-1914
Due to further unrest, the Vaterland was sent to Hankou, now part of Wuhan , in January 1911 together with the gunboat SMS Jaguar , the SMS Taku and the torpedo boat SMS S 90 , and remained there until May. When the Chinese Revolution broke out in October 1911 , the boat was used again in Hankou. From 1912 to 1914 the Vaterland only carried out routine tasks and was overtaken in Shanghai in between.
When the First World War broke out on August 1, 1914, the Fatherland was launched in Nanjing . While a watch command remained on board, the crew went by land to Tsingtau (Qingdao ) and were commanded to the auxiliary cruiser SMS Cormoran . In order to prevent the warring powers from accessing the boat, the boat was sold to a specially founded front company and renamed Landesvater .
Under the Chinese and Manchurian flags
After China entered the First World War, the fatherland alias country father was confiscated by the Chinese authorities and taken over into the Chinese navy. The boat was renamed Li-Sui and operated together with the Li-Tsieh (the former SMS Otter ) on the Sungari (Amur) as part of the Amur flotilla . There it was apparently rebuilt several times and the armament changed. In 1932 the Li-Sui was captured by Japanese troops in poor condition and repaired by Kawasaki in Harbin in 1933. There it was renamed Risui . On August 22, 1945 it was captured by Russian troops and given the name TS Pekin . It is not known when the Li-Sui was transferred to the Manchukuo Navy , which consisted mainly of gunboats. In Weyer's naval pocket book from 1943/44, the Li-Sui is still listed as an active warship, but with the general comment on the Manchukuo Navy that the information in this regard is uncertain. After Hildebrand / Röhr / Steinmetz, the Li-Sui was decommissioned in 1942 and later scrapped.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cord Eberspächer: The German Yangtze Patrol. German gunboat policy in China in the age of imperialism 1900-1914 , Bochum 2004, page 184
- ↑ http://www.navypedia.org/ships/manchukuo/ma_of_li_sui.htm
literature
- Alexander Bredt (ed.): Weyers Taschenbuch der Kriegsflotten , XXXVI. Year, 1943/44, Munich 1944, 3rd new edition Bonn 1996, p. 164 u. 434.
- Cord Eberspächer: The German Yangtze Patrol. German Gunboat Policy in China in the Age of Imperialism 1900-1914 , Bochum 2004.
- Keyword: river gunboat "Vaterland" , in: Hans H. Hildebrand / Albert Röhr / Hans-Otto Steinmetz: The German warships. Biographies - a mirror of naval history from 1815 to the present , Ratingen o. J. (One-volume reprint of the seven-volume original edition, Herford 1979ff.,) Vol. VI., P. 24f.
- Jürg Meister: The Navy of Manchukuo 1931-1945 , in: Marine-Rundschau , born 1981, pp. 148–156.
