Saint-Gingolph VS
| Saint-Gingolph | |
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Valais (VS)
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| District : | Monthey |
| BFS no. : | 6155 |
| Postal code : | 1898 |
| Coordinates : | 551367 / 138009 |
| Height : | 386 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 372–2214 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 14.45 km² |
| Residents: | 982 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 68 inhabitants per km² |
| Website: | www.st-gingolph.ch |
 Saint-Gingolph |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Saint-Gingolph is a political municipality and a civil parish with a civic council in the district of Monthey in the French-speaking part of the canton of Valais in Switzerland . Saint-Gingolph is across from Saint-Gingolph in France .
geography
Saint-Gingolph is 386 m above sea level. M. approx. 10 kilometers west-southwest of the city of Montreux (linear distance ). The village extends in the Lower Valais , on the south bank of Lake Geneva on the border with France , on the debris cone of the Morge at the north foot of the Grammont , which belongs to the Chablais Alps.
The area of the municipality covers a section on the south bank of Lake Geneva. The lakeshore in this area is very steep in most places. The slopes, which are partially traversed by ledges, are densely forested and divided by several erosion channels. In the west, the border runs along the Morge, which also forms the border with France. Thus, Saint-Gingolph is divided into two parts on the debris cone of the Morge on the shore of Lake Geneva into a French and a Swiss municipality. At 1520 m above sea level M. is reached on the Pic de Blanchard , a foothill of the Chablais Alps, the highest point of Saint-Gingolph.
The hamlets of Le Fenalet , La Clesette and Les Esserts on Lake Geneva belong to Saint-Gingolph .
history
The area of Saint-Gingolph was already inhabited in Roman times. The place name goes back to Saint Gangolf , who was an officer under Pippin the Younger and who settled here in 755. Saint-Gingolph was first mentioned in a document in 1153 under the name Sanctus Gengulfus . Later, the names Sancti Gingulphi (1200), Sanctus Gingulfus (1230) and Sanctus Gingulphus (1436) appeared.
Since the 12th century, the place was under the Abondance Abbey . The area was conquered by the Valais together with the Bernese in 1536. With the treaty of 1569 the border was moved back from the Dranse to the Morge, which led to the final division of the village of Saint-Gingolph between Savoy (later France) on the one hand and Valais (Switzerland) on the other.
The ETH historian Klaus Urner saw St-Gingolph in his book Switzerland must be swallowed as a plea for Swiss defense in the Second World War as the only remaining corridor which, after being encircled by the Axis powers, still had trade relations with the Western Allies made possible. The Wehrmacht incident mentioned, however, proves that this corridor could also be controlled by Hitler at will, no arms exports were possible here: On July 22, 1944, the Resistance started an uprising in Saint-Gingolph, France, whereupon the German commander was ordered to to level the village to the ground. The Swiss community president received the assurance that the church that was used together would be spared and, in the further escalating process with 300 residents who had fled to Switzerland after an intervention by a colonel of the Swiss army, he was allowed to send the fire brigade to France to protect them.
population
| Population development | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| year | 1802 | 1850 | 1900 | 1950 | 2000 | 2010 | 2012 | 2014 | 2016 |
| Residents | 321 | 627 | 660 | 801 | 773 | 888 | 939 | 917 | 905 |
Attractions
The Morge mountain stream in Saint-Gingolph forms the border between France (left) and Switzerland (right).
A chapel in Saint-Gingolph. The church is located west of the Morge on French territory.
The border crossing to the former national road in France. Looking towards France.
The green border : a footbridge over the Morge .
Saint-Gingolph landing stage and train station
The Saint-Gingolph train station
Economy and Infrastructure
Saint-Gingolph used to live mainly from fishing. Today there are various local small businesses. Many of the employed people are commuters who work in other places in Switzerland, but also in France.
The village is on the main road 21 , which leads from St-Gingolph via Martigny to the Great St. Bernard Pass .
Hourly RegionAlps passenger trains run daily from Saint-Gingolph station on the Saint-Gingolph – Saint-Maurice railway line .
literature
- Patrick Maye: Saint-Gingolph. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2011 .
Web links
- Saint-Gingolph VS on the ETHorama platform
- Official website of the municipalities of Saint-Gingolph VS and Saint-Gingolph (Haute-Savoie)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ The war reaches the gates of Valais , Walliser Bote, May 12, 2015
- ^ Tragedy on Lake Geneva , NZZ, July 21, 2014