Sarby (Przeworno)

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Sarby
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Sarby (Poland)
Sarby
Sarby
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Strzelin
Gmina : Przeworno
Geographic location : 50 ° 39 '  N , 17 ° 10'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 38 '38 "  N , 17 ° 10' 23"  E
Residents :



Sarby (German writing village) is a village in the rural municipality of Przeworno ( Prieborn ) in the powiat Strzeliński in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. It is located about 18 km southeast of Strzelin ( Strehlen ), and is traversed by the Krynbach (Polish Krynka ).

history

Parish church
Picture postcard from before 1939

Place name . Place names like Schreibendorf or Schreibersdorf can only be found in the greater Silesian area. Such place names suggest that the founders of these medieval settlements were ducal officials such as notaries, protonotaries or chancellors.

The foundation of the village can be traced back to the 13th century. The earliest documentary mention as Sccribochov (certainly the later community Mittel-Schreibendorf) comes from the founding book (Book I, fol. 11r., Section Incipit ratio donationis de Skaliz ) of the Heinrichau monastery . A field mark is described here, which ran from Alt Heinrichau (Polish: Stary Henryków) to even Schreibendorf. The time (May 28, 1227) that the convent has just moved to Heinrichau monastery is noted. Another text from the same source (Book I, fol. 19'-20) again refers to a writing village : 1238, still in the reign of Duke Heinrich I , his notary Konrad von Röchlitz promised the place Scribersdorf to the monastery Heinrichau after his death to inherit. In his will written the following year, notarized by Duke Heinrich II , he bequeathed Schreibendorf to his nephew Boguslaw and as compensation for this the monastery received a wooded area of ​​50 Hufen , on which later the village of Schönwalde (Polish: Budzów) in part Frankenstein district was established. The question of which writing village was inherited here has preoccupied the Silesian Medievalists for more than a hundred years. According to Pfitzner (p. 318) and Irgang (p. 340), the writing village in the Strehlen district is actually meant here. Stenzel (p. 49, note 107) and Grünhagen (p. 232), on the other hand, assume that it is the small hamlet of Schreibersdorf (later incorporated into Raudnitz (Polish: Rudnica)) not far from Schönewalde. Conrad can be documented as early as 1224 and his nephew Boguslaw also belonged to Prieborn as Count von Strehlen, to which today's Polish Sarby is assigned as a rural community. Probably, therefore, Konrad von Röchlitz must ultimately be regarded as the founder of the Waldhufendorf on the Krynbach before 1227. The place was mentioned again in a document around 1305 in the tithe list of the diocese of Breslau as Sarb sive Schribersdorf .

Writing village belonged to the Principality of Brieg in the Austrian Silesia and came to Prussia in 1742 . Since 1818 the place was part of the district Strehlen .

Already at the beginning of the 14th century there is a division into Ober and Nieder Schreibendorf. The village later consisted at times of four communities: (from south to north): Upper and Lower - a little further away - Middle and Lower Writing Village. The latter parish was only separated from Nieder Schreibendorf on July 31, 1832. On September 30, 1928 u. a. Middle - connected to Unter Schreibendorf and Nieder - connected to Ober Schreibendorf. Ultimately, the merger of lower and upper to the new municipality of Schreibendorf took place on April 1, 1938.

The ownership structure in modern times up to the Second World War can be outlined as follows:

Ober Schreibendorf 1540– around 1620 von Eckwricht family, 1720–1744 von Langenau, 1744–1778 Prussia (income from leasing at times went to the Hedwigstift in Brieg), 1778–1790 von Gruttschreiber and Count Henckel von Donnersmarck , 1835–1840 Heller, 1855 –1857 Sieber, 1859–1890 Frank, 1894–1905 Baron von Dalwigk – Lichtenfels , from 1910–1945 Count of Ballestrem
Means writing village 1540 von Eckwricht family, 1570–1610 Sebottendorf, 1644 von Dahm, 1693–1720 von Brauchitsch , 1740–1899 von Gaffron , 1899–1905 Freiherr von Dalwigk – Lichtenfels,

from 1910 counts of Ballestrem

Nieder Schreibendorf 1540– around 1620 von Eckwricht, 1720 Freiherr von Trach , 1769–1770 von Müchi, 1777–1790 von Thielau, 1790 von Dallwitz , 1791–1794 von Klimkowsky, 1794–1805 von Gaffron, 1805–1812 von Ohlen, 1812–1822 von Stössel, 1823–1831 von Ohlen, 1831 von Gaffron, 1832–1840 Heller, 1855–1857 Lewison, 1865–1875 Weymann, 1891–1901 Kusche, 1903–1905 Freiherr von Dalwigk – Lichtenfels,

from 1910 counts of Ballestrem

Since the respective transfer of goods to the von Dalwigk – Lichtenfels family and then from Ballestrem, they were part of the Deutsch Jägel rule .

In 1945, writing village belonged to the district of Strehlen in district Breslau the Prussian province of Silesia of the German Reich .

Towards the end of the Second World War, the region was occupied by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . After the end of the war, the village and most of Silesia were placed under Polish administration by the Soviet Union . Writing village was then renamed Sarby . The immigration of Polish migrants began. In the following period, most of the German residents were expelled from Schreibendorf by the local Polish administrative authority .

The village was initially assigned to the Wroclaw Voivodeship, then from 1975 to 1998 the Wałbrzych Voivodeship ( Waldenburg ) and has been in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Powiat Strzeliński ( Strehlener Kreis ) since 1999 .

Demographics

Population development until 1910
year population Remarks
1785 427
1816 612 160 of them in Mittel-Schreibendorf, 292 in Nieder-Schreibendorf and 160 in Ober-Schreibendorf
1825 1159 Mittel-Schreibendorf (27 houses, a castle and Vorwerk, 197 inhabitants, including 14 Catholics), Nieder-Schreibendorf (47 houses, a manorial Vorwerk, a Freischoltisei , 801 inhabitants, including 40 Catholics) and Ober-Schreibendorf (29 houses, a Castle and Vorwerk, 161 residents, including 49 Catholics)
1840 852 Mittel-Schreibendorf (49 houses, a castle and Vorwerk, 347 inhabitants, including 32 Catholics), Nieder-Schreibendorf (15 houses, a manorial Vorwerk, 116 inhabitants, including 42 Catholics), Ober-Schreibendorf (43 houses, a castle and Vorwerk , 210 residents, including 88 Catholics) and sub-Schreibendorf (37 houses, a Freischoltisei , 179 inhabitants, including twelve Catholics)
1852 405 of them in Mittel-Schreibendorf, 127 in Nieder-Schreibendorf, 220 in Ober-Schreibendorf and 224 in Unter-Schreibendorf
1867 845 on December 3, of which 371 in Mittel-Schreibendorf, 90 in Nieder-Schreibendorf, 135 in Ober-Schreibendorf and 249 in Unter-Schreibendorf, excluding manor district Nieder-Schreibendorf (30 inhabitants) and manorial district Ober-Schreibendorf (63 inhabitants)
1871 970 Ober-Schreibendorf, Mittel-Schreibendorf and Nieder-Schreibendorf according to other information 828 inhabitants, of which 367 in Mittel-Schreibendorg (265 Evangelicals, 102 Catholics), 81 in Nieder-Schreibendorf (36 Evangelicals, 45 Catholics), 132 in Ober-Schreibendorf ( 60 Protestants, 72 Catholics) and 248 in Unter-Schreibendorf, excluding the Nieder-Schreibendorf estate (35 inhabitants, ten of them Protestant, 25 Catholic) and the Ober-Schreibendorf estate (75 inhabitants, of them 27 Protestant, 48 Catholic)
1901 671
1910 507 on December 1st, of which 214 in Mittel Schreibendorf, 61 in Nieder Schreibendorf, 80 in Ober Schreibendorf and 152 in Unter-Schreibendorf, excluding Gutsgebiet Mittel Schreibendorf (56 inhabitants), Gutsgebiet Nieder Schreibendorf (27 inhabitants) and Gutsgebiet Ober Schreibendorf (69 inhabitants )
1913 659
1933 696
1939 677
1941 708

church

The church in Mittel Schreibendorf was first mentioned in 1335 in the December register of the Nuncio Galhardus. The oldest part probably came from the 13th century. The building was enlarged several times (1683 and 1781), but kept only a wooden tower. Due to the poor state of construction, government authorities ordered a new building in 1878. After the old church was demolished, a much larger solid structure was built on the same site between 1883 and 1884.

In 1418 a pastor Matthaeus in Schreyberdorff, Archipresbyterat Strehlen, can be proven. In the course of the Reformation the community became Protestant around 1530, kept its own pastor until 1575 and then became a branch church of Weigelsdorf (Polish: Wigancice) in the Münsterberg district. The Westphalian Peace Treaty made it possible for the emperor in Vienna to carry out the re-catholicization in the Principality of Münsterberg. In 1653, an imperial commission confiscated the Weigelsdorf church. The evangelical clergyman then moved the parish seat to Schreibendorf. This made the church in Schreibendorf - since it was in the Principality of Brieg - an important refuge church . Many Protestants from Upper Silesia (for example from the later districts of Falkenberg, Neustadt and Leobschütz) and Lower Silesia (especially the city of Münsterberg and its surroundings) were married here, but also their children were baptized and took the Lord's Supper (up to 7000 people annually) part. Even noble evangelical families from Bohemia came here. Only after the end of the Counter Reformation, at the beginning of the Prussian era, the church became a simple country parish again. The last German pastor since 1927 was Ulrich Bunzel (1890–1972), under the patronage of the Catholic estate, who in 1946 was still Protestant dean of Central Silesia. Since the end of the Second World War, the church has been a Polish Catholic branch church of Gläsendorf (Polish: Szklary), Grottkau district (now consecrated to the 'Birth of the Blessed Virgin Mary') and is subordinate to the Diocese of Opole . There was an evangelical school early on. In 1827 a larger new building was built. A Catholic school was not established until 1865. The cemetery was initially at the church, was relocated in 1879 and later expanded several times. The following tombstones are located at the church (see external links):

1. Figure grave for Caspar von Sebottendorf and Kunern on Merzdorf (1549–1603), coat of arms (each from heraldic right to left): Sebottendorf, Knobelsdorf , Sterzt, Niemitz
2. Figure grave for Caspar von Sebottendorf (probably on Schreibendorf) (1582–1610), coat of arms: Sebottendorf u. Niemitz
3. Grave slab for Hans Ernst von Lohenstein (1675–1742, with coat of arms), his wife Anna Elisabeth von Seydlitz (1678–1740, with coat of arms), their daughter Juliane Elisabeth (1717–1746), married von Gaffron, and their children Christian Hartlieb (1740), unbaptized son (1743) a. Christiane Juliane Elisabeth (1743–1744)
4. Grave slab for Juliane von Gaffron, coat of arms: Erasmus Alexander von Redern and Probsthayn (1st husband), Gaffron, Adam Hannibal von Kohlha (u) s – Lehnhaus (2nd husband)
5. Grave slab for Max Palle von Gaffron and Oberstradam, coat of arms: Gaffron, the maternal of Christine Charlotte (von) Trolle from Swedish-Danish nobility

Personalities

literature

  • Paul Bretschneider: The founding book of the monastery Heinrichau (translated from Latin and provided with introduction and explanations) (=  representations and sources on Silesian history . Volume 29 ). Wroclaw 1927.
  • Colmar Grünhagen: Regesta on Silesian history, up to the year 1250 (=  Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae . Volume 7 , part 1). Wroclaw 1884.
  • Winfried Irgang (arrangement): Schlesisches Urkundenbuch 1231-1250 . tape 2 . Graz 1977.
  • Walter Kuhn: Some special forms of Silesian place names . In: Schlesien, a quarterly journal for art, science and folklore . No. 10 , 1965, p. 156-166 .
  • Wilhelm Pfitzner: Attempt of a history of the former Princely Cistercian monastery Heinrichau near Münstberg in Silesia . Wroclaw 1846.
  • Gustav Adolf Stenzel: Liber fundationis claustri sanctae Mariae virginis in Heinrichow or founding book of the monastery Heinrichau . Breslau 1854.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ It can be found from the Silesian eastern edge of Upper Lusatia around Löbau to the Old Silesian Duchy of Auschwitz and also in northern Bohemia and Moravia, nowhere else. See in detail: Kuhn, p. 158f.
  2. ↑ Stenzel, p. 28
  3. ↑ Bretschneider, p. 31
  4. ↑ Johannes Athanasius Kopietz : Church History of the Principality of Münsterberg and the Soft Image Frankenstein , Frankenstein 1885, p. 608, there as well as in Kuhn, p. 165, footnote 22, it is confirmed that this must be the writing village in the district of Strehlen
  5. ↑ Irgang, p. 124, certificate no. 196; Stenzel, pp. 49-51; Grünhagen, p. 237, certificate no. 547. Two further documents in this connection have proven to be forgeries, cf. on this: Irgang, p. 272 ​​(No. 429) and 274 (No. 431); Stenzel, 153f. Certificate VI; Grünhagen, p. 232f. (No. 537 and 538)
  6. ↑ Heydebrand and der Lasa, Fedor von, The Origin of the Wroclaw Bishops Thomas I and Thomas II, in: Journal of the Association for the History of Silesia, Volume 51 (1917), pp. 134–163, here p. 150
  7. ↑ Markgraf, H. u. JW Schulte, Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae, Volume 14, Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis, Breslau 1889, p. 62, no. 203. When the Silesian place names were Polonized after 1945, reference was made to this Sarb .
  8. ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 4: P – S , Halle 1823 p. 278, numbers 3037-3039 .
  9. ↑ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Prussia. Province of Silesia, including the Margraviate of Upper Lusatia, which now belongs entirely to the province, and the County of Glatz; together with the attached evidence of the division of the country into the various branches of civil administration. Melcher, Breslau 1830, pp. 699-700 .
  10. ^ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia. 2nd Edition. Graß, Barth and Comp., Breslau 1845, p. 610 .
  11. ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state . Berlin 1856, p. 560 .
  12. ^ A b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Silesia and their population. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 106-107, numbers 68-71 ,
  13. ^ A b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Silesia and their population. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 108-109, numbers 130-131
  14. ^ Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 204–205, item 18 .;
  15. ↑ gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  16. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. strehlen.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  17. ^ Neuling, Hermann, Schlesiens Kirchorte, 2nd edition, Breslau 1902, p. 288
  18. ^ Joseph Jungnitz : Contributions to the medieval statistics of the Diocese of Breslau , in: Journal of the Association for History, Volume 33 (1899), pp. 385-402, here pp. 387f.
  19. ↑ Summary mainly from: District Synodal Board Strehlen (ed.), The Gospel in Strehlener Lande, History of the Protestant Church District Strehlen, Festschrift for General Church Visitation, Strehlen 1928; see. also in detail about the evangelical pastors at this church: Grünewald, Johannes, contributions to the church and pastor history of Schreibendorf Kreis Strehlen, Pastor Lic. Ulrich Bunzel in Coesfeld (W.) in memory ..., Selters 1960
  20. ↑ The other gravestones that were still in the older church are described in: Lutsch, Hans, Directory of Art Monuments of the Province of Silesia, Part II, The Districts of the District of Breslau, Breslau 1889, p. 397f.

Web links