Schoenberg am Kapellenberg

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Schoenberg
Bad Brambach municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 59 ″  N , 12 ° 18 ′ 22 ″  E
Height : 611  (580-640)  m
Residents : 201  (2011)
Incorporation : March 1, 1994
Schönberg (Saxony)
Schoenberg

Location of Schönberg in Saxony

Schönberg am Kapellenberg (also: Schönberg ) is a district of the municipality of Bad Brambach in the Upper Vogtland in the extreme southwest of Saxony and is the southernmost town in Saxony.

The main attraction of the place is the castle of those von Reitzenstein , which is privately owned.

geography

location

Schönberg on a map from 1877
Schönberg Palace 2009
The large pond, view of Schönberg

Schönberg is the only Saxon place on the southern slope of the Elster Mountains with a view over the entire Egerland directly on the border with the Czech Republic . It is the southernmost place in Saxony and was the southernmost municipality in the GDR . It is located directly below the Kapellenberg . The old post road from Plauen to Eger passed near the village, now federal road 92 or European road 49 .

Surroundings

East of the village, near the group of houses Great Pond is the group of Schonberger ponds on the German-Czech border. The pond landscape is mainly surrounded by boggy silting zones and forests and receives its water from small streams that flow in from the west, north and north-east. These are the following larger water areas:

  • Big pond
  • Sapperteich
  • New deep pond
  • Brick pond.

The discharge takes place via the Großenteichbach in the direction of Skalná to the Sázek (Soosbach) on Czech territory.

Further ponds with the former bear pond, of which only a group of houses of the same name can be remembered, were located northeast of the Schönberger ponds between Buchberg and Hirschberg (583.4 m). Remnants of dams can still be seen in the landscape.

history

The lock

The later castle, first mentioned in 1261 as a knight's seat in a moated castle, came to the barons of Reitzenstein in 1485 , in whose possession it remained for 460 years. The associated manor developed into the sixth largest in the Vogtland. The building in its current form dates back to 1685, with the exception of the octagonal watch tower from 1485 in its center. After the expropriation in 1945, the castle was used for various municipal purposes and fell into disrepair. It has been privately owned again since 1994 and has been extensively renovated.

The village

The village that developed around the estate is, in terms of its layout, a street group village with a partly forest hoof-like block - u. Strip corridor . Its area was 850 hectares in 1900. The place belonged to the Voigtsberg office until the 19th century .

On August 7th and 9th, 1822, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , accompanied by the Cheb Police Council Grüner, visited the Schönberg Protestant pastor Anton Martius (1794–1876). He was an enthusiastic naturalist and particularly attracted Goethe to his mineral collection in the area and his knowledge of the Kammerbühl near Franzensbad . Goethe's attention was also drawn to a tame grass snake that the pastor owned. Martius was a colorful person. He later converted to Catholicism .

The current church in Schönberg with the side-mounted tower is a building by Leipzig architect Julius Zeißig from 1910/1911, which was built on the site of the previous church, which had two roof towers of different sizes .

In the 1950s, the place was nicknamed "Village of Peace" - probably because of the close border with the Czech Republic .

The development of the population of Schönberg for 2011
year 1834 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1990 2011
Residents 500 594 470 398 399 419 563 514 367 258 201

In 1994 the place was voluntarily incorporated into Bad Brambach.

Schönberger Sauerling

Pavilion over the spring intake

The Schönberger Säuerling (popularly: Saaling ) is a mineral spring in the area of ​​the Schönberg district ( 12 ° 18 ′ 22 ″ N, 50 ° 10 ′ 59 ″ E ). According to a report by the doctor Georg Leisner from Plauen in 1669 , there was already a spring use by spa guests from Franzensbad in his vicinity, but on the Bohemian side . The Saxon headwaters with three exit points were discovered around 1700 by a tailor from Schönberg and, at the instigation of the manor owner Georg Christoph von Reitzenstein, after a visit to the mountain ridge Ehrenfried Tittmann from the Voigtsberger Bergamt, united to a well between 1716 and 1717. After a 1961 by the former Institute for health spas in Bad Elster -built water analysis of the fountain is a sodium bicarbonate - sulphate -Säuerling with the highest carbon dioxide content of all Vogtland mineral springs. Historical descriptions of the source are known from the Dresden court doctor Kretschmar (1752) and the Freiberg chemist Wilhelm August Lampadius (1812). In the 18th century, spa guests from Franzensbad occasionally visited the Säuerling, but no regular spa business could develop here. Its not very advantageous accessibility in a remote forest on the Saxon-Bohemian border and the lack of support from the then Saxon state for its development due to the disputed border demarcation with Bohemia made it less well known. For a long time, the well water flowed from a wooden pipe into the Grenzbach. Since 1932 there has been a concrete well for the drinking spring and in 1955 the protective pavilion made of birch trunks was built. At that time there was a meadow clearing around the fountain. Today (2018) it is surrounded by forest. On the Czech side, the valley slope is designated by the field name U Kyselky , which means "at the sources" in German.

traffic

The federal highway 92 runs through Schönberg . The border crossing to the Czech Republic is located in the village.

Between 1912 and 1945 the place had a station on the railway line Plauen – Cheb with the stop Schönberg (b Bad Brambach) . The facilities of the southernmost railway station in Saxony only comprised a wooden waiting room, two platforms and a free pass. The breakpoint, which was located between the Czech stations Plesná ( Fleißen Böhm ) and Vojtanov ( Voitersreuth ), was closed in 1945, the waiting hall was still used by the railway maintenance department until the early 1980s.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Landesvermessungsamt Sachsen (Ed.): Topographische Karte 1:25 000, sheet 6 Elstergebirge. Bad Elster, Bad Brambach . 1st edition 1997, Dresden. ISBN 3-86170-935-X
  2. ↑ a b The Upper Vogtland (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 26). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1976., pp. 182-184
  3. ↑ a b Schönberg in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  4. ↑ Historical place directory of Saxony
  5. ^ Woldemar von Biedermann : Goethe's Talks Vol. III / 1 , Leipzig 1909-1911, p. 405
  6. ↑ Neue Sächsische Kirchengalerie, Die Ephorie Ölsnitz , Leipzig 1913, pp. 448–468.
  7. ↑ State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony: Census 2011, Bad Brambach . at www.statistik.sachsen.de
  8. ↑ Anonymous: The Schönberger Säuerling (panel at the fountain house)
  9. ↑ The Upper Vogtland (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 26). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1976., p. 182
  10. ↑ Bruno Rudau , Max Meinel: Bad Elster, Sohl, Radiumbad Brambach . Leipzig 1962, p. 63
  11. ↑ Bruno Rudau : Vogtland mineral springs through the ages . Plauen 1964, 31-34
  12. ↑ Landesvermessungsamt Sachsen (Ed.): Topographische Karte 1:25 000, sheet 6 Elstergebirge. Bad Elster, Bad Brambach . 1st edition 1997, Dresden. ISBN 3-86170-935-X

Web links

Commons : Schönberg (Bad Brambach)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Manors and castles in the kingdom of Saxony: Schönberg (Vogtland)  - sources and full texts