Schönbornstrasse
The Schönbornstraße is a city road in Mainz-Altstadt . It bears the name of the Elector of the Holy Roman Empire and the Archbishop of the Diocese of Mainz Lothar Franz von Schönborn . The approximately 200 meter long street is now a monument zone .
history
Before Schönbornstrasse was built, the houses in Holzhofstrasse were designed with block perimeter development. Schönbornstrasse was finally laid out in 1864. Schönbornstrasse got its name from the Archbishop and Elector of Schönborn, who was the initiator of the Rochusspital, which was built within sight . The core of the monument zone with the houses Schönbornstrasse 1, 3 to 8 and Holzhofstrasse 32 was built between 1864 and 1866. The structures were built on the property of the old "Beitschen Zimmerhof" on behalf of the building contractor Christian Lothary as part of the expansion of the city center of Mainz . Initially, the road was only built from today's Holzhofstraße to the level of Badergasse. After the "Amptsche estate Zum Grünwald" burned down at the end of Schönbornstrasse, new space became available and the street was extended until shortly before the cherry orchard. During this time, mainly craftsmen who also worked in Schönbornstrasse settled here .
architecture
The street begins at the confluence with Holzhofstraße. The street Kartäusreul then joins in a north-westerly direction. A few meters further, the Kartäuserstraße crosses the Schönbornstraße for a medium length. Then a street joins from the direction of the Weihergarten , shortly afterwards the Badergasse joins the Augustinerstraße . At the northwestern end of Schönbornstrasse, the street Kirschgarten crosses the street and leads through a few meters long connection to the Kirschgarten. A special architectural feature is that most of the buildings in Schönbornstrasse were built with red bare bricks. The buildings Schönbornstrasse 7A and Schönbornstrasse 14 are an exception. The building with house number 7A was completed in 1895 according to plans by Conrad Jacoby , the construction of the house at Schönbornstrasse 14 was completed around 1890. Both structures date from the early days .
The core of the monument zone consists of the houses Schönbornstraße 1, 3 to 8 and Holzhofstraße 32. When the confluence with the new Schönbornstraße was built in 1864, some buildings on the western side of the street could not be demolished because they were very old and worth preserving. That is why there were offset street beginnings. Now there were ten parcels . Apartment houses were built on all of the plots without any elaborate decorations or special architectural features. The structures erected here are similar to the Kästrich 2, 2A and 2B houses, which were also commissioned by Christian Lothary . The buildings in the row of houses in Schönbornstrasse each had four axes and four floors. In addition, they were all eager . Due to the housing shortage , the top floor was also converted into a living space. There are numerous dormer windows in Schönbornstrasse . Between the houses with dormers and some are lucarnes with gables and stepped battlements gables to find.
The facades have some frieze and wall attachments that resemble pilaster strips . Architecturally, the two upper floors are usually connected to one another. Other noticeable features on the facades are the lintels on the windows. Characteristics of the simplicity of the building are the consistently only three rooms on the ground floors. In addition, the stairwells had almost no windows, which made it difficult to climb stairs safely. The buildings also have courtyards that cannot be seen from Schönbornstrasse. As a result, numerous buildings in this monument zone were changed. Some houses received fresh paintwork and new plaster , the buildings at Schönbornstrasse 1 and 3 to 5 received dormer windows. In addition, the building Schönbornstraße received 5 crowning of its windows of the piano nobile with styles from neoclassicism , the house Schönbornstraße 3 received relief from artificial stone with stylistic forms from the Baroque and Art Nouveau .
Significant structures
An architecturally striking building is the building complex with the house numbers Schönbornstraße 11/13 and Badergasse 3. The property was from 1881 to 1883 on behalf of the architect and urban planner Edward Kreyßig in closed construction built. The houses Schönbornstrasse 11, 13 and Badergasse 3 are built quite similarly and represent the most conspicuous group of buildings in the street. After the fire of the "Amptschen property Zum Grünwald", which housed a brewery , among other things , the northwestern end of Schönbornstrasse was after Orders from Kreyssig, newly built with multi-storey simple buildings and at the same time built a lane to the cherry orchard.
The facade of the building complex is around 50 meters long. The building group was built of red brick and has a ground floor and two upper floors as well as an attic. The ground floors are exceptionally high as the buildings were built for craft businesses. The ground floors are very little decorated and stone was used in many places . The upper floors have the same window groupings as the ground floors, they are separated from the attic by a cornice . The eaves are decorated with a console frieze and a tooth cut . Bay windows with onion domes were built into the street corners . The year of construction 1881 can be seen today on the bay window facing Badergasse. On the north-western bay there is a spoiler with a chronogram and the year 1677. Under the chronogram there is also the text “INTO THE NEW BUILDING 1883”. The Mainz art historian and monument conservator Fritz Arens once said about the chronogram preserved today, which describes the brewing privilege of the former Archbishop of Mainz and Elector Damian Hartard von der Leyen :
"The inscription is one of the most beautiful stone documents that a private house in our city has."
See also
literature
- Ewald Wegner (editor) with the participation of Hans Caspary, Paul-Georg Custodis, Ludwig Falck and Gerd Rupprecht: Kulturdenkmäler in Rheinland-Pfalz. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.2: City of Mainz. Old town. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1988, ISBN 3-491-31036-9 , pp. 310-313.
Web links
- Directory of cultural monuments District-Free City of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) on denkmallisten.gdke-rlp.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Directory of cultural monuments District-Free City of Mainz (PDF; 1.6 MB) on denkmallisten.gdke-rlp.de
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Ewald Wegner (editor) with the participation of Hans Caspary, Paul-Georg Custodis, Ludwig Falck and Gerd Rupprecht: Kulturdenkmäler in Rheinland-Pfalz. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.2: City of Mainz. Old town. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1988: pp. 276-277. Pp. 310-313. ISBN 3-491-31036-9
Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 47 " N , 8 ° 16 ′ 25.4" E