Satchel neck

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View over the meadows
Flock of sheep on the neck of the satchel
Valley of the Schmalenhofer Bach

The Scharpenacken is around 185 hectares of former training area and a contemporary recreation area in Wuppertal .

geography

The Scharpenacken area is characterized by diverse, small landscape structures and large open areas, which, as part of the Wuppertal southern heights, allow wide views.

The area mainly belongs to the Wuppertal district of Ronsdorf , small parts are in Heckinghausen . The Scharpenacken encompasses the Scharpenacker Berge and Kastenberg mountain ranges , with the Schmalenhofer Bachtal running in between . To the north, in the valley of the Murmelbach, it borders the Barmer Wald and the Vorwerkpark on the edge of the Lichtenplatz residential area . In the west, the residential area Lichtenplatz and two of the former Wuppertal barracks border the area. To the south of the stream, the terrain rises steeply to the old Erbschlö estate and Parkstrasse again and merges into the Ronsdorf facilities . To the north of Parkstrasse are the buildings of the former site administration, the NRW penal school , the NRW state finance school and the Ronsdorf penal institution . To the east, the area is largely forested and is called Scharpenacker Busch there. It borders on the railway line running in the Blombachtal and the federal motorway 1 .

The Scharpenacken is about 60% forested, the rest of the area is open land . The area is under landscape protection and is home to some valuable biotopes, including the Schmalenhofer Bach as a near-natural low mountain range , the largest poor pastures in the Niederbergisches Land and small, species-rich wetlands. Due to the proximity of the different landscape forms with hedges and transition areas, there are also demanding animals such as the tree pipit or the crested newt . Since the area was used for a long time by the military, the forest has hardly been managed and contains a lot of dead wood . Since then, the reed areas have been kept free by sheep, so that the poor meadows have been preserved.

etymology

A common interpretation of the name Scharpenacken is according to the place name researcher Heinrich Dittmaier Scharfer Nacken (= sharply defined ridge). More recently, this meaning has been questioned. One possible interpretation would also be “Hain am Bach Scharpe” from the merging of “Scharpe-hagen” into “Scharpe-nacken”.

history

Military signs on a footpath, Marpe location , 2008

In the Middle Ages, the Scharpenacken was the border between the parish of Lüttringhausen in the Bergisch Amt Bornefeld and the Gografschaft Volmarstein . Two lines of the Bergische Landwehr , the Elberfelder and Barmer Landwehr, cut through the area and protected this border. The settlement with individual farms took place in the Middle Ages . A more precise definition is difficult because there are no finds. The sources (especially the parish register of Lüttringhausen) and the Landwehr research allow only rough conclusions.

In 1936, as part of the military armament, the rural area was assigned to the newly built barracks as a training area. The northern part of the Ronsdorf facilities was expropriated and assigned to the site. The residents of the courtyards (Schirpkotter) Delle , Ellershäuschen , Klüting , Schirpkotten , Schmalenhof and Scharpenack (mentioned for the first time in 1502) were relocated and the buildings were gradually destroyed as part of military exercises, until only desolation remained in the second half of the 20th century . At that time, a long gun shooting range was set up on the Kastenberg . Shortly after the Second World War, the site was used again by the military. Since the late 1950s there have been considerations to relocate the training area and to develop new settlement areas on the Scharpenacken, but there have never been any concrete plans. A 1973 report came to the conclusion that development would not make sense and that the area should be kept open for recreational use. According to the Wuppertal-Ost landscape plan, the Scharpenacken has been part of a landscape protection area since 2000. With the closure of the last barracks in Wuppertal on June 30, 2003, the military use of the sash ended.

After the deedication, a redesign to a golf course was planned at short notice . Due to public protests, the planning was ultimately rejected by the political side. For the same reasons, wind turbines were not installed. In 2004 part of the former Diedenhofen barracks and the long gun shooting range were placed under monument protection. The construction and real estate NRW presented in 2007 plans, on a 40-hectare portion to the south of the area to build a police barracks, two state schools and a prison. Since open spaces of around 30 hectares, which housed rare and protected species, were to be built over, protests arose in the neighborhood and from the nature conservation side. For the new building, the conservation of the shooting range was lifted in 2007 and the animals living there were relocated to replacement locations. As a legally required compensation area , parts of the areas of the former military training area previously used as a local recreation area have been fenced off since December 15, 2008. With this and other measures, the habitats of the animals on the satchel neck are to be improved. On August 21, 2009, accompanied by protests, the foundation stone of the correctional facility was laid, and in December 2011 it was officially inaugurated. This is followed by the construction of the state schools, which began in early 2013 and was completed in April 2015.

Recreational use

Already at the time of the on-site exercise area, the Scharpenacken was freely accessible on weekends, and scout meetings were also held there at Whitsun . Entering the facility was mostly tolerated if no exercises were disturbed. After it was deedicated, the Scharpenacken has become a popular local recreation area and is used by many people as a run-out area for dogs. The free areas on the ridge are also attractive for model flying and hang gliding . Motorized model flights were banned in 2012, however, to ensure better protection for rare birds. The Sielmanns Natur-Ranger team in Wuppertal has been working intensively since 2004 to develop the open space as a "natural experience area" in a sustainable manner.

Web links

Commons : Sash Neck  - collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Bau- und Liegenschaftsbetrieb NRW (Ed.): Masterplan Parkstrasse Wuppertal: Announcement for the cooperative competition procedure . Düsseldorf 2007, p. 9 f . ( competitionline.com [PDF]).
  2. ↑ a b Hinrich Heyken: The big housing project next Breck 1971: turning point for town planning and urban development . In: History in Wuppertal . No. 12 , 2003, p. 21–23 ( stadtgeschichte-wuppertal.de [PDF]).
  3. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from December 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ New habitats on former military grounds. Retrieved March 18, 2020 .
  5. ^ Westdeutsche Zeitung: Minister lays foundation stone for controversial youth prison. August 21, 2009, accessed March 18, 2020 .
  6. ↑ Prison School North Rhine-Westphalia: Foundation stone laid for the new building of the Prison School in North Rhine-Westphalia. Retrieved March 18, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Prison School North Rhine-Westphalia: New Prison and State Finance School officially opened. Retrieved March 18, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Tribe Chronicle - Tribe Northern Lights. Retrieved on March 18, 2020 (German).
  9. ↑ Westdeutsche Zeitung: Flight ban on the Scharpenacken. June 22, 2012, accessed March 17, 2020 .

Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 53.4 "  N , 7 ° 12 ′ 31.3"  E