Battle (hydraulic structure)

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Schlagd with half-timbered houses in Wanfried

A battle - in the area of ​​the Weser and its source rivers also Schlagd or Schlagde - is understood to mean river structures made of piles, fascines , gates or walls.

Functions

  • Bank reinforcement, among other things against undercutting of the bank and as a mooring option for ships ( ship landing )
  • Weir (or Wuhr ) for a water mill , for the overflow or as an "inlet weir " at the beginning of the Mühlenbach
  • Securing bridge piers
  • Dam-like battles, also as groynes across the river

Linguistic

Synonyms and word origins

Other synonyms are Schlachte , Bschlacht , Beschlacht , Beschlächt , Beschlachtung or Verschlagung .

The words Schlagd and Schlagde are pronounced in the same way as Schlacht and Schlachte , so they are spelling variants.

All these words are derived from beating or Low German Slait from. For fixing the riverside areas of heavy tapered logs were in the ground beaten to a stable berth for riverboats and a transshipment point for goods to be stacked to create.

Derived terms

The word battle has been preserved in the term bank slaughter , which is mainly used in Austria. Slaughtering or slaughter wall are also only called the horizontal posts , half- cuts or slabs (boards with bark) built into the land, which are stuck between the piles of a bank construction that are driven into the earth.

From battle in the sense of "ship landing" are derived:

  • Battle slip , list of the cargo on a ship according to which the battle fee was paid
  • Slaughter Fee, the amount paid to land in a battle
  • what the battle Schreiber kept a record
  • Horses for slaughter and slaughter wagons that took over the transport of the landed goods
  • the battle voigt or vogue supervised the battle and the ships lying there
  • the owners were the butchers

It is unclear whether the terms overshot and undershot (when water is supplied to the water wheel of a water mill) are derived from their battle (in the sense of weir or overflow). The synonyms overturned and undercut refer to the impact of the water on the blades of the waterwheel.

Existing "slaughter"

  • Regensburg : Am Beschlacht, a stone dam connecting the islands since 1388

Street names with "Schlagd"

Georeferencing Map with all coordinates of the section street names with "Schlagd" : OSM

Schlagden can still be found in street names in the following places:

Other names for old quays

In several cities of the former and once Danish Duchy of Schleswig , old port facilities are called Schiffbrücke , similar to the Stone Fish Bridge in Stralsund, Sweden , and Bryggen or Tyskebryggen , the German Bridge in Bergen (Norway) .

There are old quays called Lastadie in several Baltic Sea ports .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Pierer's Universal Lexikon, Volume 5 . 1857 ( online ). “Battle, 1) a dam of fascine works along the bank to keep the water from it; 2) every building on the bank or in the water of a pile or masonry, especially if it serves so that ships can comfortably dock on it [...] "
  2. ↑ Can you conquer the Danube? - hydraulic engineering measures , at wien.gv.at
  3. ↑ a b “The main works or groynes are also called Stacken, Sporen, Kribben, Schlachten, Abweiser, Wuhren. A distinction is made at every groyne: the root, the rear end, with which the groyne ties into the bank; the head, ... “Ludwig Franzius, Eduard Heinrich Christian Sonne: Der Wasserbau: Bd. Der Flussbau, page 118 . 1910, p. 118 .
  4. ↑ "A mill can not without water running and the mill Canal without sluice exist or battle or military that an equally nöthiges Pertinenzstück a mill and therefore also lehnrührig are" Köster from Ludwig Albert Wilhelm: Diplomatic practische Beyträge to the German feudal law and the Westphalian Fehmgericht-Constitution Zweyter Theil , published by Heinrich Blothe and Comp., Dortmund and Leipzig, 1798, Google Books
  5. ^ Collection of all printed matter of the Second Chamber , Volume VI, Nos. 487 to 524, Berlin 1830, Google Books
  6. ^ Contributions to the history of technology and industry: Yearbook of the Association of German Engineers, Volume 19 , at Google Books
  7. ↑ The dams at zeitspurensuche.de (private website)
  8. ↑ a b c Christian Rohr : Extreme natural events in the Eastern Alps, experience of nature in the late Middle Ages and at the beginning of the modern era , Böhlau Verlag, Cologne, Weimar, Vienna, 2007, ISBN 978-3-412-20042-8 , page 355, at Google Books .
  9. ↑ "Building transversely to the bank for the lateral limitation of the drainage cross-section and / or to protect the bank [...]." Specialized water management committee (FNW) at DIN German Institute for Standardization eV: DIN 4054: Traffic water engineering terms . September 1977.
  10. ↑ Decision of the Austrian Administrative Court, at wien.gv.at
  11. ↑ Working committee "Water management" of the specialist group hydraulic engineering, engineering biology and ecology in the Austrian Water and Waste Management Association (ÖWAV): Preserving and developing flowing waters, practical guide to care and maintenance , publisher: Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Environment and Water Management and Austrian Water and Water Management Waste Management Association (ÖWAV), Vienna, 2006, page 179, can be downloaded as a PDF file
  12. ↑ Slaughtering wood (PDF file; 96 kB) ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at salzburg.gv.at @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.salzburg.gv.at
  13. ↑ a b c d Johann Georg Krünitz, Friedrich Jakob Floerken, Heinrich Gustav Flörke, Johann Wilhelm David Korth:… Oekonomische EncyKlopädie , Dr. Johann Georg Krünitz's Encyclopedia or General System of State, Town, House and Agriculture and Art History, Berlin, 1827, partly available on Google Books
  14. ↑ Julius Ludwig Weisbach: Textbook of engineering and machine mechanics, second part , Braunschweig: Vieweg, 1846, p. 155 f., ISBN 978-1-273-37529-3