Schlitzblatt wormwood
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Schlitzblatt wormwood ( Artemisia laciniata ) |
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| Artemisia laciniata | ||||||||||||
| Willd. |
The slit sheet wormwood ( Artemisia laciniata ), also Schlitzblättriger mugwort or slit sheet mugwort called, is a plant from the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae). It has its main distribution area in Central Asia and South Siberia and is rare in Central Europe .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Schlitzblatt wormwood grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 50 or up to 80 centimeters. This Chamaephyte is more or less bare and does not smell or sometimes a bit aromatic. The upright stems are reddish brown with simple, curly, or spreading hairs , or they are bald.
The leaves are arranged in basal rosettes and alternately distributed on the stem. The leaf surfaces are bare or only sparsely to softly hairy and not dotted with glands. The rosette leaves are stalked up to 12 cm long. The lower and middle leaves are two to three times pinnate and petiolate, the upper ones, however, usually only single pinnate or undivided and usually sessile. The partial leaflets are more or less perpendicular to the leaf spindle. The leaf lobes are lanceolate with a width of 0.5 to 1 (to 1.5) millimeters. The stem leaves are not eared , the upper leaves are sometimes a little eared.
Generative characteristics
In a narrow panicle of the entire inflorescence, the 10 to 70 spreading to nodding flower heads are arranged either sitting or on stems up to 10 mm long . The basket shell (involucre) is spherical with a length of 2 to 5 millimeters and a diameter of 4 to 8 mm. The greenish to yellowish bracts are elliptical with translucent, brownish edges and bald or sparsely hairy. The bottom of the cup is bare.
The flower heads show only tubular flowers ; there are 6 to 8 females and 20 to 50 hermaphrodites. The tubular flowers are more or less spherical with a diameter of 3 to 4 millimeters. The five petals are fused, 1 to 2 mm long and hairy.
The bald achenes are elongated with a length of 0.5 to 1 mm.
The flowering period in Central Europe extends from August to October .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18, 56 or 60.
distribution
The main distribution area of Schlitzblatt wormwood is in Central Asia and Southern Siberia , but occurrences are also known from Japanese Hokkaidō and northwestern and western North America . The Schlitzblatt wormwood occurs in Central Europe in Austria and only then again in the European part of Russia . It is rare in Central Europe.
In Austria, very rare occurrences are only known from the Pannonian area , namely from Seewinkel in Burgenland . Earlier occurrences in Lower Austria are now extinct. The species, which occurs on the slightly salty, humid, rough meadows of the colline altitude level is considered to be threatened with extinction in Austria.
In Germany , the Schlitzblatt wormwood is considered to be extinct or lost.
Systematics
The first description of Artemisia laciniata was made in 1803 by Carl Ludwig Willdenow . A homonym is Artemisia laciniata C.B. Clarke . In Flora of China , Artemisia tanacetifolia L. is considered the valid name.
Two subspecies are recognized in North America:
- Artemisia laciniata Willd. subsp. laciniata : the stems are hairy. Most of the leaves are stem-like with sparsely hairy blades 5–20 × 1–2 cm in size. The total inflorescences are 8 to 18 × 1 to 4 cm in size. The yellowish flowers are 1–1.5 mm long. This subspecies is widespread in Eurasia and is also found in Alaska and the Yukon .
- Artemisia laciniata subsp. parryi ( A. Gray ) WAWeber (Syn .: Artemisia parryi A. Gray , Artemisia saxicola Rydberg var. parryi A.Nelson ): The stems are hairy. Most of the leaves are basal with 4–8 × 0.5–1 cm large, silky hairy blades, while the blades of the stem leaves measure only 0.8–1.5 × 0.2 cm. The total inflorescences are 2 to 5 × 0.5 to 1 in size. The yellow or reddish overflowing flowers are 1.5–2 mm long. This subspecies occurs on subalpine and alpine mats and rocky soils at altitudes between 2700 and 3900 meters only in Colorado , Idaho , New Mexico and Utah .
swell
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 923 .
- Leila M. Shultz: Artemisia. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1 (Mutisieae – Anthemideae). Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2006, ISBN 0-19-530563-9 , Artemisia laciniata , p. 556 (English, online ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 923 .
- ↑ Rolf Wisskirchen, Henning Haeupler: Standard list of fern and flowering plants in Germany. With chromosome atlas . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (= The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 1 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3360-1 , p. 80 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Schlitzblatt wormwood. In: FloraWeb.de. last accessed on December 26, 2012
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Leila M. Shultz: Artemisia. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1 (Mutisieae – Anthemideae). Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2006, ISBN 0-19-530563-9 , Artemisia laciniata , p. 556 (English, online ).
- ^ Artemisia laciniata at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ A b Artemisia laciniata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Last accessed December 27, 2012.
- ^ Werner Greuter: Compositae (pro parte majore). Artemisia laciniata . In: Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab-Straube (ed.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin from 2006 ( distribution map ), last accessed on April 29, 2014.
- ^ Carl Ludwig Willdenow : Caroli a Linné Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Editio quarta. Volume 3, part 3, GC Nauk, Berlin 1803, p. 1843, digitized .
- ^ Charles Baron Clarke : Compositae indicae descriptae et secus genera Benthamii ordinatae. Thacker, Spink & Co., Calcutta 1876, p. 161 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Artemisia laciniata at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis last accessed December 27, 2012.
- ↑ Yourun Lin, Christopher J. Humphries, Michael G. Gilbert: Artemisia. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 20-21: Asteraceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2011, ISBN 978-1-935641-07-0 , Artemisia tanacetifolia , p. 690 (English, online ).
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum. Volume 2, Lars Salvius, Stockholm 1753, p. 848 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Artemisia laciniata Willd., Schlitzblatt-Mugwort. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Schlitzblatt wormwood . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Thomas Meyer: Mugwort data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- Entry in botany in the picture