Rosenburg Castle (Lower Austria)

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East-northeast view of the castle complex
North-northeast view of the castle

The Rosenburg is a Renaissance castle in the Kamptal in the Lower Austrian town of Rosenburg in the municipality of Rosenburg-Mold . It emerged from a castle built around 1150 , which was transformed into a palace in the 16th century by the Grabner zu Rosenburg . This has been owned by the Hoyos-Sprinzenstein family since 1681 . The folk ballad castle in Austria probably refers to the Rosenburg.

history

Rosenburg Castle, copper engraving by Georg Matthäus Vischer , 1672

Beginnings

The castle was built in the 12th century in Romanesque built style, her first documentary mention dates to the year 1175. From the small castle of Goczwin Rosenberg found today only the foundations of the keep . In the 15th century, the Rosenburg was expanded into a larger Gothic castle under Kaspar von Roggendorf . The chapel and outer walls are still preserved today. During the 15th century it served repeatedly as a protection against the Hungarians .

Grabner zu Rosenburg

In 1487 the brothers Jakob and Christoph Grabner from the von Graben family came into possession of the Rosenburg (then Rosenberg). Their descendants adopted the Protestant faith in the course of the 16th century and made the Rosenburg a center of the Austrian Reformation history . Here, Leopold Grabner Roseburg and his son Sebastian II. Grabner Roseburg to name. Among the two grave workers who belonged to the Protestant estates, the Rosenburg became a center of Protestantism in Lower Austria. Protestant literature was printed in a printing press set up especially in the castle. In 1555 Leopold Grabner brought Dr. Christoph Reuter from Bruck in the Palatinate as house and castle preacher. In addition to Reuter, other predicants were also in the Grabner's service; one of them, Gabriel Dürnbacher, mentions the name Rosenburg for the first time in 1569 , instead of the former Rosenberg . Sebastian Grabner had a large part of the Gothic castle demolished between 1593 and 1597, and the present-day Renaissance castle with 13 towers built in its place. Around 1614, the palace also received a large tournament area and 46  arcades . In 1604, Grabner sold the Rosenburg to his relative Hans Jörger zu Tollet because of the high debts he had invested in the renovation into a magnificent Renaissance castle .

Rosenburg Castle facing west in the Topographia Windhagiana , 1673

Changing owners

In the course of the Counter-Reformation , the Rosenburg received a Catholic lord again in 1611 with Cardinal Franz von Dietrichstein (1570–1636). He sold the complex in 1614 to the also Catholic Vinzenz Muschinger , who had the castle expanded. On July 9, 1620, the Rosenburg was stormed by evangelical troops of the Horner Bund . A memorial column in the palace gardens commemorates 300 "men, women and children" who are said to have died in the process. Because of this historically not verifiable event, the folk ballad There is a castle in Austria has been associated with the Rosenburg since the 17th century. In the 17th century the owners of the Rosenburg changed frequently. In 1659 the castle and lordship came into the possession of Johann Joachim Enzmilner, Count of Windhag (1600–1678), who had the castle expanded. In the second edition of the topography Topographia Windhagiana , published by him in 1673 , he had Clemens Beutler (around 1623–1682) depict the Rosenburg in numerous copper engravings. After his death in 1678, the castle and the manor were temporarily owned by Ferdinand Max von Sprinzenstein.

Hoyos Sprintstone

The Rosenburg came to the Hoyos-Sprinzenstein family , who are still owners today, through the marriage of Leopold Karl Graf Hoyos (1657–1699) to Countess Maria Regina Sprinzenstein in 1681, the daughter of Ferdinand Max von Sprinzenstein. She brought the Horn , Rosenburg and Raan estates with the Veste Kamegg and Mold into the marriage.

The Rosenburg, wood engraving, 1884
Rosenburg from the north by helicopter

In 1721 the Meierhof burned down after a lightning strike. In 1751 a fire from the inner courtyard destroyed parts of the castle, including the chapel. Repair work carried out between 1752 and 1755, including the renewal of the roof trusses, slowed the castle's decline. After another fire in 1800, however, the castle was increasingly threatened with decay. Between 1859 and 1875, Ernst Karl von Hoyos-Sprinzenstein had the Rosenburg, threatened by decay , extensively restored based on the depictions of the castle in the Topographia Windhagiana from 1673 and made it publicly accessible as one of the first castles in Austria. Between 1984 and 1990 extensive restoration measures were carried out in connection with the Lower Austrian Provincial Exhibition in 1990. In 1990 the Lower Austrian Provincial Exhibition Nobility in Transition took place at the Rosenburg . Politics - Culture - Confession 1500–1700 with 360,000 visitors. The Rosenburg has been owned by Markus Hoyos since 2010.

The Rosenburg on postage stamps, coins and banknotes

In 1920 the municipality of Rosenburg issued an emergency money series (10, 20 and 50 Heller) with the representation of the Rosenburg from the west. The Rosenburg is depicted on the 8 groschen value of the permanent stamp series issued by the Austrian postal administration in 1934 ( first costume series ) . On the occasion of the Lower Austrian Provincial Exhibition in 1990, the postal administration issued a postcard with a 5 Schilling stamp of the Rosenburg. A 1999 by the coin Austria embossed 500 Schilling - commemorative coin in silver shows as a motive the Rosenburg with birds of prey and knights.

  • Emergency money from the community of Rosenburg, 1920

  • Rosenburg Castle at the 8 Groschen value of the "First Costume Series", 1934

The Rosenburg in the present

Rosenburg Castle (2013)

Today the complex houses a castle museum, a castle restaurant and the Renaissance Falkenhof Rosenburg . The Renaissance Falkenhof Rosenburg has a birds of prey show with flight demonstrations. Since 2004, theatrical performances have been taking place annually on an open-air stage next to the castle.

Castle Museum

The well-preserved historical interiors are accessible during castle tours. In addition to the historical and historicizing castle inventories, the castle also contains several collections, including a prehistoric and early historical collection. It comes from Candidus Ponz, Imperial Knight of Engelshofen (1803–1866), who was able to record important palaeontological, prehistoric and early historical as well as medieval holdings. The prehistoric and early historical collection was put up in a museum by Anton Hrodegh and Angela Stifft-Gottlieb . The finds date from the Stone and Bronze Ages. This collection has not been publicly accessible since 2012. The armory displays weapons from the 15th to 18th centuries and another exhibition provides an overview of the history of falconry. Since 2012, two separate exhibition areas have been dedicated to the Hoyos family history from the 16th century to the present day as well as the life of the big game hunter and expedition traveler Ernst Karl Heinrich Hoyos-Sprinzenstein .

Shakespeare at the Rosenburg
Since 2004, as part of the Lower Austria Theater Festival, the Shakespeare open-air theater on the Rosenburg has been held annually on a specially built stage under the direction of Alexander Waechter .
Birds of prey show at the Rosenburg
Birds of prey demonstrations
Birds of prey demonstrations have been held at the Rosenburg from April to October since 1986.

Regular events

April – October
  • Birds of prey flight demonstrations at the Rosenburg
July August
September
  • Fairy tale festival at the Rosenburg
December
  • Christmas market on the Rosenburg

Important people who were born on the Rosenburg or who worked here

literature

  • Nobility in transition. Politics, culture, confession 1500–1700, catalog of the Lower Austrian State Exhibition Rosenburg 1990 . Vienna 1990. ISBN 3854600194 .
  • Hanns Haas: Renaissance castle Rosenburg - aristocratic lifestyle as a building program. Living - celebrating parties - practicing religion. In: Noble power and freedom of religion. 1608, the Horner Bund. Special exhibition Museums of the City of Horn 2008/2009 . Horn 2008, pp. 43-83.
  • Renate Holzschuh-Hofer: Rosenburg am Kamp. Renaissance castle and Falkenhof . Ried im Innkreis 1990.
  • Karl Kirsch: Rosenburg Castle. History and description . Vienna 1987.
  • Marian Hyazinth Fidler, Clemens Beutler: Topographia Windhagiana aucta. That is: increased actual delineation or contrafaitur, perspective, elevation, ground plan and demolition on different prospects and form, with attached brief historical description of the counts and rulers Windhaag, Rosenburg am Großer Khamp and Wolfshofen, as well as Groß-Poppen, Neunzen, Wurmbach, Reichenau am Freywald, Groß-Pertholtz, Langenschlag and Kirchstetten, also all of the same foremost buildings, as castles, Märckt, Aigen-Dörffer, churches, monasteries, manor houses, Mayrhöf, pleasure gardens, grottos and Brunnwercken, with their district in the Langericht , Wildpan and Fischwassern etc. together with other affiliations, in the same of several houses, gardens, and Mayrschaften, in places and in the country, in both Ertz-Hertogthumben Austria under and above the Ennß; darbey also different histories, which are the pictures and contrafait available at each Orth, but fornemblich the whole genealogy of the Hochlöbl. Ertz-Hauß Austria . Vienna 1673.
  • Gustav Reingrabner: "When there was a fight about religion ..." Reformation and Catholic renewal in the Waldviertel 1500–1660. Exhibition in the Höbarthmuseum of the city of Horn . Horn 2000.
  • Gustav Reingrabner: Christoph Reuter (around 1520–1581) - Protestant castle preacher on the Rosenburg . In: Waldviertel biographies . Volume 1. Horn 2001, pp. 9-22.
  • Anna Maria Sigmund : There is a castle in Austria - on the history of the building and ownership of the Rosenburg . In: Nobility in Transition. Politics, culture, confession 1500–1700, catalog of the Lower Austrian State Exhibition Rosenburg 1990 . Vienna 1990, ISBN 3854600194 , pp. 585-596.
  • Anna Maria Sigmund : The Rescue of Rosenburg - Restoration and Remodeling 1859–1875 In: Our home. Journal of the Association for Regional Studies of Lower Austria . Vol. 63, No. 4, 1992, pp. 313-339.
  • Castles, pens and palaces. Regions Waldviertel, Danube Basin, South Bohemia, Vysočina, South Moravia . ISBN 978-3-9502262-2-5 , p. 91 ff.

Web links

Commons : Schloss Rosenburg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Seebach: The Rosenburg - Investigations into the medieval building history . In: Nobility in Transition. Politics, culture, confession 1500–1700, catalog of the Lower Austrian State Exhibition Rosenburg 1990 . Vienna 1990, pp. 603-606.
  2. ^ Wanderings through the Austro-Hungarian monarchy; P. 333; edited by Friedrich Umlauft (1879)
  3. ↑ Gustav Reingrabner: "When one argued about religion ..." Reformation and Catholic renewal in the Waldviertel 1500–1660. Exhibition in the Höbarthmuseum of the city of Horn . Horn 2000.
  4. ↑ www.rosenburg-mold.at Chronicle Rosenburg
  5. ↑ Anna Maria Sigmund : There is a castle in Austria - on the history of the construction and ownership of the Rosenburg . In: Nobility in Transition. Politics, culture, confession 1500–1700, catalog of the Lower Austrian State Exhibition Rosenburg 1990 . Vienna 1990, pp. 585-596. ISBN 3854600194 .
  6. ↑ Anna Maria Sigmund : There is a castle in Austria - on the history of the construction and ownership of the Rosenburg . In: Nobility in Transition. Politics, culture, confession 1500–1700, catalog of the Lower Austrian State Exhibition Rosenburg 1990 . Vienna 1990, pp. 585–596, here p. 594. ISBN 3854600194 .
  7. ↑ Anna Maria Sigmund : The rescue of the Rosenburg - Restoration and conversion 1859-1875 In: Our home. Journal of the Association for Regional Studies of Lower Austria, 63rd vol. H. 4 (1992), pp. 313–339.
  8. ↑ Werner Kitlitschka : On the restoration of the Rosenburg Castle. In: Nobility in Transition. Politics, culture, confession 1500–1700, catalog of the Lower Austrian State Exhibition Rosenburg 1990 . Vienna 1990, pp. 585-596. ISBN 3854600194 .
  9. ↑ Michael Dippelreiter, Ernst Hanisch, Robert Kriechbaumer: History of the Austrian federal states since 1945. Vienna-Cologne-Weimar 2000, pp. 501–502.
  10. ↑ Entry on 500 Schilling - Rosenburg (1999) in the Austria Forum  (in the coin album), accessed on January 15, 2012.
  11. ↑ Article in the daily newspaper "Der Standard" from March 27, 2012
  12. ↑ Andrea Heigl: "Dear people - white and brown" , in: Der Standard newspaper , Vienna, March 27, 2012, p. 14
  13. ^ Website of the organizer
  14. ↑ Nina Blum new director at the Rosenburg. In: The Standard. October 22, 2014, accessed March 25, 2015 .
  15. ^ Website of the organizer
  16. ^ Website of the organizer

Coordinates: 48 ° 37 ′ 41.7 ″  N , 15 ° 38 ′ 6.6 ″  E