Schmalfelden

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Schmalfelden
City of Schrozberg
Coordinates: 49 ° 19 ′ 30 ″  N , 10 ° 1 ′ 36 ″  E
Height : approx. 475 m above sea level NHN
Incorporation : January 1, 1972
Postal code : 74575
Area code : 07935

Schmalfelden is a district of Schrozberg in the district of Schwäbisch Hall in north-eastern Baden-Württemberg with a village and three hamlets.

geography

structure

f1Georeferencing Map with all coordinates of the section Outline : OSM

The district with around 397 inhabitants includes the village of Schmalfelden  ⊙ with around 180 inhabitants and the associated hamlets of Großbärenweiler ⊙ , Speckheim ⊙ and Lindlein ⊙ .   

There are also the five desert areas Deutenhofen or Deutenhof, Flinshof, Konnenweiler, Ringertsweiler and Ruthmannsrot in the area. Field names indicate the approximate location of three of them. Suggest Mayrhofen / Deutenhof was accordingly about 600 meters south of the village center Schmalfeldens in an open to the east corridor Bay of Rötelholzes  ⊙ , Ringertsweiler about 700 meters west of Speckheim on the L 1022 to Schrozberg  ⊙ and Could hamlet about 1,500 meters south-southwest of Lindlein something beside the road to Blaufelden  ⊙ .

Geographical location

The village of Schmalfelden is located about four kilometers southeast of the center of the small town of Schrozberg as the crow flies in a flat, winding dry valley moving south-southeast and on its edge, from which the Wiesenbach flows into the Brettach about ten kilometers further down . The place is immediately surrounded by arable land, about one kilometer from the last houses the large nuns' forest begins in the northwest , the middle wood in the west-northwest , the gentlemen's loft in the west , while in the southwest the red chalk starts after less than a quarter of a kilometer. There is only a very small forest island to the east.

Around the village are the three hamlets, Lindlein about one and three quarters of a kilometer in the west-southwest, Speckheim about the same distance to the north, Großbärenweiler about one kilometer in the east-northeast, whose corridor merges into the Schmalfeldens. The next village in the south is the hamlet of Naicha , which already belongs to the municipality of Blaufelden. It is also only about a kilometer away and can be reached without a forest passage. The eastern and northern borders of the district follow the route of the Rothenburger Landhege , which is still widely recognizable in the area as a strip of wood with sections of ditch remains. The watershed between the river systems of the Jagst and thus the Neckar on this side and the Tauber and thus the Main on the other side also runs very close to the eastern and northern municipal boundaries .

Natural space and geology

From a natural point of view, the district marking is in the sub-area of ​​the Blaufelden-Gerabronner level of the Hohenloher and Haller levels . In the subsoil of the Hohenlohe Plain there is the evidence of a number of sinkholes and the only periodic watercourses strongly karstified Upper Muschelkalk , which was quarried north of the village. Above it, however, Lettenkeuper ( Erfurt Formation ) still lies almost everywhere , with the exception of the dry valley and the shallow gullies that run towards it, in which silty Holocene runoff masses are stored. On the Lettenkeuper is a large area still Hohenloher Feuerstein gravel whose flint fraction from the already longer worn middle Keuper originated.

At Schmalfelden there is also an entrance to the Muschelkalkkarsthöhle Fuchslabyrinth , the fourth longest cave in Germany.

history

Schmalfelden is the oldest settlement in the urban area of ​​Schrozberg and was first mentioned as Smalefelden on August 9, 1033 . However, this area was already settled in the 2nd century BC. In 1285 Schmalfelden was called Smalvelden and Smaluelt . These names suggest a settlement from the clearing period .

From 1328 to 1420 Schmalfelden also had its own local nobility, which was later not mentioned.

The place was also divided between different rulers. In the course of history, for example, the burgraves of Nuremberg , the counts and princes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Ingelfingen , Werdeck , the margraves of Ansbach and the imperial city of Rothenburg had varying shares in their possession. Even today, in some places between Schmalfelden and Lindlein, boundary stones of the Hohenlohe district and the Prussian district ( Brandenburg-Ansbach ) since 1791 can be found .

During the Thirty Years' War , the village suffered heavily from taxes and levies and a plague epidemic in 1634 and 1635. At this time there are said to have been two settlements around Schmalfelden that were destroyed in the war. The name Dautenhofen or Dautenhof on a map in a wooded area south of the village is reminiscent of one of these farms.

In the course of mediatization , Schmalfelden came to the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1806 and was initially assigned to the Oberamt Nitzenhausen, from 1809 to the Oberamt Ingelfingen and from 1811 to the Oberamt Gerabronn . The administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg led to membership in the Crailsheim district in 1938 . In 1945 the place became part of the American zone of occupation and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden , which was incorporated into the current state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.

The previously independent community of Schmalfelden was added to the city of Schrozberg on January 1, 1972 as part of a community reform.

Sons and daughters of the village

  • August Bomhard (1787–1869), dean in Augsburg, famous preacher of Erlangen theology and song writer
  • Johann Leonhard Sachs (December 22, 1843 - July 23, 1899), was mayor and city school in Crailsheim and member of the state parliament
  • Ernst Sachs (March 28, 1890–1977) invented the electric soldering iron and founded the ERSA company

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Schmalfelden  - in the s: Description of the Oberamt Gerabronn

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Natural space according to: Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. →  Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
  2. ↑ Geology according to: Mapserver of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )
  3. ↑ Statistics from the Höhle & Karst Grabenstetten e. V.
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 447 .