Protection Association of German Writers

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The Protection Association of German Writers (SDS) was founded in 1909 and was intended to provide legal protection against state interference in literary creation.

history

The Protection Association of German Writers had its seat in Berlin . In 1920 the association had around 2000 members.

In 1927, various organizations came together to form a joint "Reich Association of German Literature", which was superordinate to the existing individual associations: the "Protection Association of German Writers", the "Cartel of Lyric Authors", the "Association of German Narrators", the "Association of German Stage Writers and Stage composers ”and the“ Association of German Film Authors ”.

In 1931, due to national-conservative opposition, the SDS split off, the “National Association of German Writers”. The NDS included u. a. Richard Euringer , Kurt Aram , Hans Watzlik , Friedrich Wilhelm Heinz , Franz Schauwecker and August Winnig .

Within the SDS, a "Working Group of National Writers" was founded in October 1931, in which nationalist and National Socialist writers organized themselves. This sub-association was to play a decisive role in the National Socialist harmonization in March 1933. These included u. a .: Walter Bloem (Chairman), Hans Richter , Max Barthel , Werner Bergengruen , Friedrich Franz von Conring , Hans Henning von Grote , Bruno Herbert Jahn , Hans Heinz Sadila-Mantau , Eberhard Meckel and Robert Seitz .

After the NSDAP came to power, the SDS was first brought into line in March 1933 and later transferred to the Reich Association of German Writers on July 31, 1933 . When the SDS was brought into line, only Walter Bloem, Wolfgang Goetz , Carl Haensel , Hans Richter, Edlef Köppen , Heinrich Spiero and Werner Schendell remained on the board. The SDS board members who resigned on request in March 1933 included Julius Bab , Theodor Bohner , Arthur Eloesser , Hertha von Gebhardt , Monty Jacobs , Max Osborn , Alexander Roda Roda , Adele Schreiber , Paul Westheim and Leon Zeitlin . In their place, writers from the national working group have now been elected to the SDS board together with other right-wing writers - including Margarete Kurlbaum-Siebert , Wolfgang Loeff , Goetz Otto Stoffregen , Friedrich Arenhövel and Hans-Caspar von Zobeltitz .

In Paris , writers who had emigrated from Germany founded the Protection Association of German Writers Abroad on October 30, 1933 in response to the book burnings in Germany in 1933 . The exile association dominated by the KPD pursued a popular front policy against the National Socialist dictatorship.

A very active SDS group was formed in Prague . National or local groups also emerged in Copenhagen , England , Belgium , the Netherlands , Switzerland , Luxembourg , Austria , South Africa and Mexico . A state association for the USA was founded in New York City in 1939 , with Thomas Mann as honorary chairman and Oskar Maria Graf as chairman .

Writers and journalists who rejected Stalinism founded the Federation of Free Press and Literature on July 7, 1937 after internal conflicts .

See also

• Protection Association of German Writers in Austria

literature

• Jan-Pieter Barbian : Literary Policy in the 'Third Reich'. Institutions, competencies, fields of activity. In: Archive for the history of books, Volume 40. Booksellers Association, Frankfurt am Main 1993, ISBN 3-7657-1760-6 , pp. 1–394.
• Ernst Fischer : The "Protection Association of German Writers". 1909-1933 . In: Archive for the history of books, Volume 21. Booksellers Association, Frankfurt am Main 1980, ISBN 3-7657-0948-4 , pp. 1–333.
• Dieter Schiller: On the work of the union of proletarian revolutionary writers in exile in Paris . In: UTOPIE Kreativ Heft 102, April 1999, ISSN  0863-4890 , pp. 57-63, ( online version - (PDF; 65 kB) ).

Web links

• From the history of the German PEN (excerpt)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Johannes Hofmann , in: The German writer , December 1937.
2. ↑ Heinz Schmitt: Development and changes in the objectives, the structure and the effects of the professional associations . (= Vol. 5 of the series of studies on groups and associations , edited by Georg Weippert ). Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966.
3. ^ Justus H. Ulbricht : German Religion and German Art: Intellectual Search for Meaning and Cultural Identity Constructions in Classical Modernism . University of Jena, 2006.
4. ^ The archive: reference work for politics, economy, culture. Supplementary volume, Vol. 2. Otto Stollberg, 1933. P. 596.
5. ↑ Ursula Langkau-Alex: German Popular Front 1932–1939: Vol. Prehistory and founding of the committee for the preparation of a German Popular Front . Akademie Verlag, 2004. ISBN 978-3050040318 , p. 101 on Google Books
6. ^ Walter A. Berendsohn : The humanistic front . In: Heinz Ludwig Arnold (ed.): German literature in exile 1933–1945 . Volume II: Materials, Frankfurt am Main 1974, pp. 3–23, here p. 14.