Silničná
| Silničná | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihomoravský kraj | ||||
| District : | Hodonín | ||||
| Municipality : | Žarošice | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 3 ' N , 16 ° 57' E | ||||
| Height: | 250 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 54 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 696 34 | ||||
| License plate : | B. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Slavkov u Brna - Kyjov | ||||
Silničná (German street village , formerly street village ) is a district of the municipality Žarošice in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers southwest of Ždánice and belongs to the Okres Hodonín .
geography
The street village Silničná extends on the southern slope of the Ždánický les on the right side over the valley of the Zdravotnický brook. The village is surrounded by vineyards in the Ždánický les Nature Park. To the northeast rises the Maliny (371 m), in the east the Petrovec (298 m), southwest of the Šumberk (323 m) and in the west of the Romenov. At the southern exit of the village, the state road I / 54 runs from Slavkov u Brna to Kyjov . To the north-west lies the medieval desert Mezilesice and to the north the Konůvky desert.
Neighboring towns are Zdravá Voda in the north, Ždánice in the northeast, Archlebov and Žarošice in the southeast, Janův Dvůr in the south, Uhřice in the southwest and Milešovice , Kobeřice u Brna and Nížkovice in the northwest.
history
The pilgrimage site of the Mariä Wiegenfest in the vineyards was once the place of today's village.
Pilgrimage Church of the Virgin Mary Cradle Festival in the vineyards
According to legends, a pagan sacrificial site is said to have been here, at the place of which the Marcomannic Queen Fritigil ( Fritigilda ) had a Christian temple built with a figure of the Virgin Mary at the end of the 4th century.
The first written mention of a chapel in the vineyards took place in 1220 when the Cistercian monastery Velehrad built it . It is believed, however, that it is much older. At the beginning of the 14th century, Queen Elisabeth Richza acquired the Žarošice estates. She donated them to the old Brno royal monastery , which she had founded . In 1330 Elisabeth Richza donated the statue of the Old Mother of God to the pilgrimage chapel of the Mariä Wiegenfest in the vineyards. Instead of the chapel, the pilgrimage church of the Mariä Wiegenfest was built in the 16th century. Under the pastor Wenceslaus Alauda, who had been in office since 1696, the pilgrimages took off and Žarošice became one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Moravia. About 60,000 pilgrims traveled to Žarošice for the main annual pilgrimage. A pastor and two chaplains lived at the pilgrimage site. During the preparation of the pilgrimages, they were supported by ten other clergy from various orders.
In the 17th century, the baroque master builder Moritz Grimm expanded the area further, and the Cistercian nuns had a residence built next to the pilgrimage church. The baroque complex was constantly expanded and finally resembled the one still preserved on the Holy Mountain near Příbram . The baroque church with a mighty tower was surrounded by a courtyard with cloisters, at the corners of which there were chapels. At the gate there was another chapel for the pilgrims. On the south side of the courtyard was a one-story building for the clergy.
After the royal monastery was abolished in 1782, the Žarošice manor fell to the religious fund. Although Emperor Joseph II had banned all pilgrimages on August 1, 1785, pilgrims still traveled on September 11 of the same year for the annual pilgrimage. They found the church planned for demolition locked, broke in and carried the Madonna to the parish church in Žarošice. In 1786 the pilgrimage church was desecrated. The stones from the pilgrimage church and the residence were used as building material for the reconstruction of the town of Žarošice, which burned down in 1797.
In 2006 excavations began on the site of the pilgrimage site. In 2007 parts of the cloisters and the remains of a chapel with an octagonal floor plan were excavated.
Local history
In addition to the pilgrimage church, there was once only one courtyard on Kaiserstraße from Austerlitz to Gaya . Around 1770 arose along the roadway to the spa Rosenthal a nine-church guard houses settlement, road Dörfel was called. Instead of the courtyard, a post office and the Gasthaus zur Weintraube were later built. After the royal monastery was abolished in 1782, street villages fell to the religious fund. On August 30, 1824 Ernestine Countess Schaffgotsch bought the Allodgut Zaroschitz with the associated villages Zaroschitz, Rosenthal and Straßendörfel from the Imperial and Royal Divestment Commission. She had part of the vineyard cleared and the village enlarged. In 1834 118 people lived in the 27 houses of Straßendörfel.
After the abolition of patrimonial Strandorf / Straßendorf formed from 1850 a district of the municipality Žarošice / Scharoschitz in the district authority Gaya and the judicial district Steinitz . In the 19th century the princes of Liechtenstein acquired the property and held it until 1923. At the end of the 19th century, the Czech place names Na Silničné and Silničná were used, of which the latter finally prevailed. After the Okres Kyjov was abolished, the place was assigned to the Okres Hodonín in 1960. In 1991 the village had 56 inhabitants. In the 2001 census, 33 houses and 54 residents were counted.
Attractions
- Chapel and cross at the former grave of Ferdinand von Tiesenhausen , the son-in-law of Marshal Kutusow, died in the inn from his injuries sustained during the battle of Austerlitz . His body was transferred to Reval in 1806 .
- Statue of St. Johannes von Nepomuk, the work created in 1765 by the Brno sculptor Andreas Schweigel , was commissioned by Carl Joseph Ritter von Stiebig, following a request from his wife, who died the year before, on the site of a court belonging to the ancestors of the Knights Stiebig. Today's sculpture is a replica of the original that was stolen in 2003.
- Remains of the Gothic Kepkov Castle, the Konůvky fortress and the extinct village of Konůvky, north in Ždánický les in the valley of the Křižanovický brook, archaeological sites
- Remains of the fortress Klasov, northeast in Ždánický les in the valley of the Klasovký brook
