Saracho nightshade
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Saracho nightshade ( Solanum sarrachoides ) |
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| Solanum sarrachoides | ||||||||||||
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The Saracho nightshade ( Solanum sarrachoides ), also called Saracha nightshade , is a species of the nightshade genus ( Solanum ) within the nightshade family (Solanaceae). It is widespread in originally South America and a neophyte in some areas of the world .
description
The Saracha nightshade is an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 20 to 60 centimeters. The stem, which is round in cross-section, is richly branched, densely hairy, sticky and has a strong tomato-like smell. The undivided leaf blade is about 4 to 6 inches long.
The flowering period extends from June to September. Three to four flowers stand together in an inflorescence . The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five petals are white.
The fruit calyx covers the entire fruit, and it often towers above it. It has elongated-triangular calyx lobes that have pointed bays and are connected with a transparent membrane. The light green, translucent glassy berry is spherical and contains 59 to 69, rarely up to 75 pale yellow seeds. The seeds are 1.3 to 1.5 millimeters long.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
ecology
The Saracha nightshade is a therophyte . According to Kugler , it is assigned to the pollen flowers and is pollinated by short- nosed bees , beetles , flies and syrphids . Usually, however, self-pollination occurs .
distribution
The saracha nightshade is native to South America in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul , in Bolivia , Chile , Paraguay , Uruguay , in the Peruvian Apurímac department and in the Argentine provinces of Buenos Aires and Entre Ríos . It is occasionally a neophyte in South Africa , North America and Europe . In Germany , the Saracha nightshade has had the status of a naturalized neophyte since 1903.
It prefers to grow in dry ruderal locations. In Central Europe it is a species from the societies of the Sisymbrion Union.
supporting documents
literature
- Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
- Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold , Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 5: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Asteridae): Buddlejaceae to Caprifoliaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8001-3342-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Saracha nightshade. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b c Solanum sarrachoides in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
- ^ A b c d e Eckehart J. Jäger (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Vascular plants: baseline. Founded by Werner Rothmaler . 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 , page 716.
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 822 .
- ↑ Biolflor research system
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