St. Anne's Chapel (Jever)

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St. Anne's Chapel Jever

The St. Anne's Chapel is the oldest church building in the town of Jever in the Friesland district in Lower Saxony . It is on the left on the road to Wittmund behind a high cemetery hedge. The chapel dedicated to St. Anna , the mother of the Blessed Mother Mary , serves the Evangelical Lutheran parish of Jever today as a cemetery chapel, but is increasingly used for church services, devotions and concerts.

history

Sandstone plaque above the chapel entrance

“WELCOME ME - TOMORROW. THIS CAPELE IS BUILT IN ANNO 1610 AND IN ANNO 1660 GANS NEI PREBETTERED BY HARMEN WARNER AND JAKIP HANKE ITZO CHURCHED TO JEVER. SDG

Today me - tomorrow you. This chapel was built in 1610 and again completely renovated and improved in 1660 by Harmen Warner and Jakob Hanke, currently church jury members in Jever. God alone (be) the glory. "

- Text on the sandstone plaque above the entrance door of the St. Anne's Chapel

Before 1610 there was a predecessor in the same place or in the immediate vicinity of today's St. Anne's Chapel. There is uncertainty about the foundation, the chapel has been definitely occupied since the end of the 15th century.

Stones from the demolition of the monastery church in Oestringfelde (part of the town of Schortens ) are said to have been used to build the church, which was built as a suburban church .

Over the centuries the chapel has seen many changes. In 1660 it should have received the polygonal (polygonal, multi-edged) choir closure . It is not known what exactly was undertaken during the renovation in 1703. A conversion and expansion plan developed by the Anhalt builder Jobst Christoph von Rössing (1680–1750), who designed the baroque onion dome on the Jever castle tower , among other things , was not implemented. No details have been handed down about measures taken in 1808.

The chapel underwent a radical redesign in 1931. At that time the pulpit and almost all other wooden parts were removed.

In 1950 a thorough interior and exterior renovation took place. The church painter Hermann Oetken (1909–1998) from Delmenhorst was commissioned to renovate the interior of the chapel , who painted the ceiling and walls in an artistic way.

At the beginning of the 1970s, plans were made to demolish the cemetery chapel and build a new building, as the St. Anne's chapel itself was missing . However, this measure did not take place. The parish council of the Evangelical Lutheran parish of Jever had - fortunately from today's perspective - to find out that the financial resources required for the project could not be raised.

When the St. Anne's Chapel was completely renovated between 1986 and 1988, it was decided not to restore the painting created by the church painter Oetken.

In the anniversary year 2010 , the exterior of the St. Anne's Chapel was renewed.

Furnishing

St. George Altar

When you enter the St. Anne's Chapel, your gaze immediately falls on a small winged altar , the St. George Altar, the oldest preserved work of art in Jever in the simple - 16 meters long and seven meters wide - apse hall . The origin of the altar remains unclear. It could have stood in the monastery church in Oestringfelde or the chapel of Schakelhave (located in Wiedel near Jever), but it could also have come from the old Jever town church and served there as a side altar in Catholic times.

On the two side wings, which were turned around by church painter Oetken in 1950 so that the painted fields are now visible when open, there are two paintings dated 1703, on the left Moses with the brazen serpent ( Numbers , chapter 21, verse 8 - 9) and on the right the crucifixion of Jesus . Below the representations - distributed on both altar wings - is the inscription: And just as Moses lifted up a serpent in the desert, so the Son of Man must be lifted up. ( John , chapter 3, verse 14).

The middle part of the altarpiece is composed of four carved and colored panels with events from the St. George legend, which date from the pre-Reformation period and originally belonged to a side altar dedicated to St. George. The following scenes from the legend are shown in detail (in chronological order):

  • The citizens of the city of Silena in Libya are trying to overcome the dragon (left / below),
  • St. George frees the king's daughter from the power of the dragon (left / above),
  • The royal family has gathered behind a baptismal font to receive the baptism (right / above),
  • Scene from the martyrdom of St. George (right / below).

The image probably comes from the area around the famous "School of the Master of Osnabrück ", where numerous altars were carved around 1520, e. B. the altars of the Clevernser church Zum Heilig Kreuz and St. Peter and the Oldorf church St. Marien .

The St. George Altar was refurbished in 2010 by the restorer Sybille Popken from Burwinkel (City of Elsfleth ).

Stained glass window

St. Anne's Chapel received the stained glass windows designed by church painter Oetken and art glass master Helmut Henking ( later: Helmut Gapinski ) from Varel with eleven different Christ symbols . Next to the cross of Christ one can find:

  • Christ the beginning ,
  • Christ the end ,
  • Christ the Lord of the World
  • Christ, the water of life,
  • Christ who drank the bitter cup for us,
  • Christ who overcame the serpent of temptation,
  • Christ who keeps the book of life over us ,
  • Christ, who admonishes us: Therefore watch, for you know neither day nor hour,
  • Christ who endured guilt and shame for us,
  • Christ who promises us: I will give you the crown of life.

  • The cross of Christ.

  • Christ, the beginning.

  • Christ, the end.

  • Christ the Lord of the World.

  • Christ, the water of life.

  • Christ who drank the bitter cup for us.

  • Christ who overcame the serpent of temptation.

  • Christ, who keeps the book of life over us.

  • Christ, who admonishes us: Watch therefore, for you know neither day nor hour.

  • Christ who endured guilt and shame for us.

  • Christ who promises us: I will give you the crown of life.

See also

literature

  • Dietrich Kohl , Adolf Rauchheld , Oskar Tenge: The architectural and art monuments of the Duchy of Oldenburg. Edited on behalf of the Grand Ducal State Ministry, Volume 5: Die Ämter Brake, Butjadingen, Varel, Jever and Rüstringen, printed and published by Gerhard Stalling, Oldenburg 1909, p. 178, ( digital library , accessed on October 15, 2015).
  • Hermann August Cornelius Goens: The confiscation of the church property during the Reformation in the Protestant area of ​​the Duchy of Oldenburg . In: Oldenburger Jahrbuch des Verein für Altertumskunde und Landesgeschichte, Volume 31, printed and published by Gerhard Stalling , Oldenburg i. O. 1927, p. 27 ( digital library , accessed on March 15, 2016).
  • Inscription of the cemetery chapel in Jever , in: Oldenburgischer Volkskalender: An entertaining and educational home calendar for the year 1925. Verlag G. Siems, Oldenburg 1924; P. 71.
  • Karl Fissen: Our cemetery chapel, the former St. Anne's chapel and suburban church. Old and new from their history. In: Supplement to the Jeverschen Wochenblatt of March 28, 1929.
  • Karl Fissen: The Jeversche Friedhofskapelle - The former Sankt-Annen-Kapelle and Vorstadtkirche - , in: Dr. Karl Fissen (editor): Thousand Years of Jever, 400 Years of the City , Vol. 1, Gerhard Stalling Verlag, Oldenburg 1936, pp. 145 ff.
  • From two old wooden sculptures from the 16th century from Bad Zwischenahn and Jever , in: Nachrichten für Stadt und Land (supplement "From the Oldenburger Heimat") from September 5, 1937.
  • The St. Annenkapelle zu Jever , in: Neues Tagesblatt - Jeversche Edition (supplement to the Neue Tageblatt) - from 23 August 1949.
  • Christel Matthias Schröder : The oldest church building in Jever • On the restoration of the St. Anne's Chapel , in: Jeversches Wochenblatt (Frisian homeland) from 23 September 1950.
  • Heinrich Wille: Life and death close together • Jever's cemetery and its old chapel • A history of centuries , in: Nordwest-Zeitung - Jeverlandbote - KREISZEITUNG FRIESLAND - from May 24, 1956.
  • Karl Fissen: Interesting facts from Jever and Jeverland • Historical values ​​in the Jever townscape • Jever's immediate surroundings • "... our cemetery chapel ..." , in: Jeversches Wochenblatt of December 4, 1958.
  • Otto Brill: Jever and its immediate surroundings - a landscape-scientific representation , Verlag CL Mettcker & Sons, Jever 1958, p. 57 f.
  • Karl Fissen: The St. Anne's cemetery chapel , in. Dr. Karl Fissen: Jever - Folklore from a small town and its landscape , Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1960, p. 72 ff.
  • Hugo Harms: The St. George Altar in the St. Anne's Chapel. In: Community letter of the Ev.-luth. Parish, No. 5, Jever, Easter 1965, p. 1 ff.
  • Heinrich Wille: Will the St. Anne's Chapel remain? The oldest church building in Jever dates back to 1610. In: Nordwest-Zeitung - Jeverlandbote - KREISZEITUNG FRIESLAND - from March 22, 1973.
  • Carl Woebcken : Jever - The city of art, legend and history, 6th edition. Editor: Jeverländischer Altertums- und Heimatverein, Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1977, p. 14 ff.
  • Günter Müller: The old churches and bell towers of the Oldenburger Land. Kayser-Verlag, Oldenburg 1983, p. 88.
  • Helmut Burlager: St. Anne's Chapel urgently needs to be renovated. But the money is not enough back and forth. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of February 7, 1986.
  • Haiko Mensing: Work on the St. Anne's Chapel begins. Church council awarded the first smaller orders. Total costs estimated at 500,000 DM. In: Nordwest-Zeitung - Jeverlandbote - KREISZEITUNG FRIESLAND - from May 22, 1986.
  • Volker Landig: Renovation of the St. Anne's Chapel , in: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH COMMUNITY JEVER, SUMMER 1986, p. 10.
  • Thomas Wolff: St. Anne's Chapel is being restored. Work has now started. In: Nordwest-Zeitung - Jeverlandbote - KREISZEITUNG FRIESLAND - from August 6, 1986.
  • Michael Mehrtens: St. Anne's Chapel almost collapsed. Start construction work. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of September 10, 1986.
  • Volker Landig: The renovation of the St. Anne's Chapel is progressing. In: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH CHURCH JEVER, PENTECOST 1987, p. 11.
  • Horst Bäßler: The Jever parish has a “remaining error” of 100,000 DM. The St. Anne's Chapel was expensive for 118,000 DM. In: Nordwest-Zeitung - Jeverlandbote - KREISZEITUNG FRIESLAND - from June 19, 1987.
  • Holger Winkler: The St. Anne's Chapel in Jever , in: The history calendar for the year 1988, Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1987, p. 31 ff.
  • Michael Mehrtens: The St. Anne's Chapel has been completely renovated. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of April 2, 1988.
  • Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Ingo Hashagen: Jever - Impressions of a Frisian City , Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1991, ISBN 978-3-87542-007-4 , p. 54.
  • Martin Stromann, Robert Noah: God's houses in Friesland and Wilhelmshaven , Verlag Soltau-Kurier-Norden, Norden 1991, ISBN 978-3-922365-95-2 , p. 49.
  • Verena Voss: How exactly do you know the St. Anne's Chapel? In our St. Anne's Chapel in the cemetery, eleven windows are decorated with various Christ symbols. In: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH CHURCH JEVER, SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER - NOVEMBER 2002, p. 10.
  • Herbert R. Marwede: Pre-Reformation altars in East Friesland . Dissertation, Hamburg 2007, Part 1 - Text, p. 179 ff. , Part 2 - Figures, Fig. 69-73 , accessed on April 4, 2014.
  • Bernhard Schönbohm, Enno Schönbohm (arr.): The town church and St. Anne's chapel in Jever. , No. 227 in the series DKV-Kunstführer , Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2007 (8th edition), ISBN 978-3-422-02043-6 , p. 19 ff.
  • Wolfgang A. Niemann: A little church with a long history. St. Anne's Chapel on Wittmunder Strasse opens its doors on the “Open Monument Day”. In: Jeversches Wochenblatt of September 17, 2008.
  • Herbert R. Marwede: The St. George Altar in the St. Anne's Chapel • A hidden gem , in: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH CHURCH JEVER, SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER - NOVEMBER 2008, pp. 20 ff.
  • Karl-Heinz Peters: Restoration of the St. George Altarpiece , in: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH CHURCH JEVER, SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER - NOVEMBER 2008.
  • Irmgard von Maydell: The St. Anne's Chapel will be 400 years old this year. In: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH CHURCH JEVER, JUNE - JULY - AUGUST 2010, p. 20.
  • Karl-Heinz Peters: 400 years of St. Anne's Chapel , in: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH COMMUNITY JEVER, SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER - NOVEMBER 2010, p. 4 f.
  • Karl-Heinz Peters: St. Anne's Chapel: the origin of the altar remains unclear - the church celebrates its 400th anniversary / built in 1610 as a suburban church - in: Jeversches Wochenblatt from October 16, 2010.
  • Hartwig Harms: Jeverland - then and now • St. Anne's Chapel, pen drawing by Rudi Lehmann , in: Jeversches Wochenblatt (Frisian homeland) of October 21, 2010.
  • Volker Landig: Setting the course in the ruin • Jubilee - St. Anne's Chapel exists 400 years • In 1986 saved from demolition , in: Nordwest-Zeitung - Jeverlandbote - KREISZEITUNG FRIESLAND - from October 30, 2010.
  • Annette Kellin: St. George's Altar the oldest work of art in Jever - gala concert - 400th birthday of St. Anne's Chapel celebrated / fundamental renovation - , in: Jeversches Wochenblatt dated November 2, 2010.
  • New splendor for the birthday church anniversary - St. Anne's Chapel celebrated its 400th anniversary - in: Wilhelmshavener Zeitung from November 3, 2010.
  • St. Anne's Chapel. In: "Kulturland Oldenburg", magazine of the Oldenburg landscape , edition 4.2010, No. 146, p. 45.
  • Rüdiger Möllenberg: Thank you , in: GEMEINDEBRIEF EV.-LUTH. CHURCH CHURCH JEVER, December 2010 - January 2011 - February 2011, p. 7.
  • Helmut Burlager: A new, old part of town: the St.-Annen-Quartier - NAMING - Investor Dr. Karl Harms has selected one with historical references from many suggestions - , in: Jeversches Wochenblatt of January 29, 2011.
  • Justin Kroesen, Regnerus Steensma: Churches in East Friesland and their medieval furnishings , Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86568-159-1 , pp. 82, 118 f.

Web links

Commons : St. Anne's Chapel (Jever)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and footnotes

  1. ^ Jobst Christoph von Rössing: Draft from January 8, 1734 (Lower Saxony State Archives - Oldenburg location -, StA OL Best. 97, No. 1360).
  2. ↑ Achim Knöfel, Reinhard Rittner: 100 Years of Church Painter Hermann Oetken 1909–1998. In: Oldenburger Jahrbuch, Volume 109, Isensee-Verlag , Oldenburg 2009, ISBN 978-389995-669-6 , p. 61 ff. ( Digital library , accessed on November 9, 2015).
  3. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Riemann: The Schakelhaverberg. (With a plan.) In: Yearbook for the history of the Duchy of Oldenburg, published by the Oldenburger Verein für Altertumskunde und Landesgeschichte, Volume 5, Verlag von Gerhard Stalling , Oldenburg 1896, pp. 5 ff. ( Digital library , accessed on 15. March 2016).
  4. Jump up ↑ Gospel according to John, chapter 19, verses 28–30.
  5. ↑ Gospel according to Matthew , Chapter 25, verse 13.
  6. ↑ Revelation of John , chapter 2, verse 10.

Coordinates: 53 ° 34 ′ 27.1 ″  N , 7 ° 53 ′ 41.3 ″  E