St. Achatius (Grünsfeldhausen)

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Chapel of St. Achatius in Grünsfeldhausen
Chapel of St. Achatius in Grünsfeldhausen
Georg Maria Eckert : Achatius Chapel in Grünsfeldhausen, watercolor, ca.1850

The Catholic chapel of St. Achatius in Grünsfeldhausen , a district of Grünsfeld in the Main-Tauber district in Baden-Württemberg , was probably built at the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century. Due to older remains of the foundations under the floor and the immediate location of the chapel on Grünbach, it is assumed that in pre-Christian times there was a spring shrine in its place, which was later used as a baptistery . The chapel is dedicated to St. Consecrated to Achatius of Armenia , who is one of the fourteen helpers in need and whose veneration spread especially during the crusades . It is possible that the chapel was donated by the Lords of Zimmer or the Lords of Krensheim out of gratitude for a happy return home from a cruise. With its two octagonal structures, the chapel is reminiscent of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem .

geography

The most recent formation processes in the Taubertal and its side valleys can be seen at the St. Achatius Chapel , as the chapel is now about four meters below the level of the valley floodplain , which is due to the deposition of floodplain clay . Before the Pleistocene , the surrounding valleys were wider and flatter. Today's narrow valleys only formed during the cold ages in connection with extensive tectonic uplifts.

history

In 1332, Grünsfeldhausen was first mentioned in writing in a document relating to the sale of goods by the Teutonic Knights . From the 14th to the 19th century the place belonged to the Grünsfeld rule . The first mention of the church is not found until 1666 in the parishes of Grünsfeld. It shows that the chapel and the surrounding cemetery were in very poor condition. In 1804 the interior of the chapel was raised and a new entrance was broken through. The area around the chapel had increased by several meters over the centuries due to alluvial water. In the course of the renovation measures that were carried out between 1903 and 1908, the earth was removed again, so that the chapel is now in a four-meter-deep depression.

The Catholic Chapel of St. Achatius belongs to the pastoral care unit Grünsfeld-Wittighausen, which has been assigned to the Tauberbischofsheim deanery of the Archdiocese of Freiburg since a reform of the deanery on January 1, 2008 .

architecture

Exterior construction

The chapel is made of regular ashlar masonry. The oldest component is the western octagon , which probably dates from the last quarter of the 12th century. The smaller octagonal building in the east, which served as a choir , and the lower, octagonal tower floor were then built. The overhanging, slate- clad bell chamber with a pointed helmet was put on in 1970/72.

To view the entire construction of an arch runs under the umbrella approach fries . The end cornice of the roof turret is particularly elaborately designed . The step portal was reassembled from the remaining fragments in 1903/08.

An octagonal pillar that was found in the main room during excavations at the beginning of the 19th century stands today in front of the church. A baroque Madonna figure stands on it . The pillar with a diameter of over one meter was originally 2.2 meters high and probably served as a central support.

inner space

The unadorned main room , designed as a central building, is broken up by round and arched windows. The smaller room is illuminated by five arched windows. The original painting has been partially preserved on the vaulted areas. A Majestas Domini is enthroned in a mandorla . She is surrounded by another five people ( John the Baptist , John the Evangelist , two angels with crossed wings and a crowned female figure with a lily scepter ).

The lead glass windows were created by Valentin Peter Feuerstein . They focus on the passion of Jesus and people from the Old Testament such as Noah , Abraham and Jacob .

Furnishing

The Achatius Chapel in Grünsfeldhausen has a three-part bell. It also houses the smallest sacristy in the Main-Tauber district, which is built into the organ like a cabinet.

literature

  • Heinrich Niester, Hans Rolli: Parish church Grünsfeld. St. Achatius Grünsfeldhausen (= Little Art Guide No. 1076). 3. Edition. Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 1994, DNB 944266800
  • Heinrich Niester: St. Achatius in Grünsfeldhausen. Report on the repair. In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 4th year 1975, issue 3, pp. 94-100 ( PDF ) [not evaluated]

Web links

Commons : St. Achatius (Grünsfeldhausen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Siegfried Albert: Water protection in the realm of the beaver . In: Main-Echo Special for the Michaelis-Messe Wertheim 2009 from October 2009.
  2. ^ Deanery Tauberbischofsheim: Pastoral conception of the Deanery Tauberbischofsheim . (PDF; 1.3 MB). Resolution of July 21, 2011. Online at www.kath-dekanat-tbb.de. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
  3. ^ Deanery Tauberbischofsheim: Pastoral care units of the Deanery Tauberbischofsheim . Online at www.kath-dekanat-tbb.de. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
  4. ↑ Catholic district chancellery: Church history for children . In: Fränkische Nachrichten of September 17, 2019.

Coordinates: 49 ° 37 ′ 29 "  N , 9 ° 44 ′ 23.9"  E