St. Johann Baptist (Velburg)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist is an original Gothic, Baroque style and the hall extended church in Velburg in the Upper Palatinate district of Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate . It belongs to the parish of St. Johann Baptist Velburg in the diocese of Eichstätt .
history
The substructure of the tower was probably built during the middle of the 13th century, the choir and the central nave are of late Gothic origin. The tower was rebuilt after a fire in 1574. The north aisle was probably also added in the 16th century. In the years 1717–1721 the south aisle was added and the interior was redesigned in Baroque style by Georg Puchtler. The interior was restored in 1959 and 1984/1985.
architecture
The exterior shows the retracted choir with three-eighth closure as well as stepped buttresses on the north and west sides of the nave . The two- and three-lane choir windows on the sides are provided with (partly renewed) tracery. The tower, which was given an onion dome in 1665 by master carpenter Martin Halbmaier from Neumarkt, is located in the northern choir corner . The short three-aisled nave lies under a shared gable roof and was given an asymmetrical gable front by the towing roof over the right aisle.
The inside is covered by a barrel vault with stitch caps . The central nave, which adjoins the choir with the same width, is separated from the flat-roofed aisles by strong pillar arcades. Tuscan double pilasters with entablature pieces are arranged on the pillars and on the long walls .
The stucco is made with acanthus tendrils , vases and rosettes. Above the choir arch there is a chronogram with the year 1720, on both sides putti with the coat of arms of Pfalz-Neuburg. The vault paintings were created around the same time; In the choir they show the adoration of the Holy of Holies by the parish patron, underneath an angel shows a view of the heavily fortified town of Velburg. In the central nave, scenes from the life of St. John the Baptist are depicted. In the north aisle (from east to west) you can see the handing over of the rosary to St. Dominic, the destruction of heretics by lightning from Mary and the expulsion of devils by angels with rosaries. In the south aisle there are three battle paintings, of which only the Battle of Lepanto can be clearly identified. Another view of the town can be seen on the organ parapet, said to be based on an old picture from 1427.
Furnishing
The equipment was largely created during the time of the renovation and was commissioned by the caretaker and castler Johann Rudolf von Windisch; the execution was carried out by the Velburg master Johann Michael Schaller. The high altar was modeled on the earlier main altar of the Strasbourg cathedral from the years 1680–1685. The altar is built in perspective on two levels. The back wall shows the baptism of Christ by Jakob Heybel from the year 1686 in the altar sheet, the front part is equipped with four rotated columns and side figures of Saints Sebastian and Catherine of Alexandria . The most important piece of equipment is the southern side altar with its structure made of acanthus vines. In this altar, Schaller tried to convert the high baroque acanthus or foliage altar into the rococo style. In the central niche there is a moving figure of Saint Joseph with child, to the side figures of Saints Franz Xavier and Ignatius , above voluminous tendrils are formed into consoles for the half-length figures of Saints Joachim and Anna . On the left brotherhood altar from 1744 there are figures of the Queen of Heaven and Saints Dominic and Catherine of Siena at the ceremony of the rosary.
The pulpit, also in retrospective forms based on the model of the high altar, shows the figures of the church fathers between twisted columns. The stalls are decorated with opulent tendril carvings and later rocaille crowns and were partially supplemented in 1959; city and church council chairs are set up in the choir.
A hexagonal font belongs to the 16th century. On the south-western pillar you can see a group of Anna Selbdritt from the St. Anna cemetery church , which was created around 1525 by the master of the high altar there and shows a realistic representation of the physiognomies. On the opposite pillar is the group of the Pietà von Schaller. The figure of St. John Nepomuk to the right of the choir arch, which stands on a console with the coat of arms of the keeper and the chronogram 1725, comes from the same master . On the eastern pillars there are figures of the princes of the apostles , probably from the second half of the 17th century. To the left of the choir arch is a carved marriage coat of arms of Elector Karl-Theodor von Pfalz-Neuburg and his wife Maria Elisabeth von Sulzbach from around 1760. The organ is a work of the Rieger Orgelbau company from 1962 with 24 stops on two manuals and pedal .
Several grave monuments from the 15th to 18th centuries Century should be mentioned, especially the red marble epitaph for the knight Jörg Wispeck zu Velburg and Wernberg, treasurer of the archbishopric Salzburg and field captain of the Palatinate in the Landshut War of Succession († 1518), which shows the deceased in relief with full armor standing under a keel arch in the The racing flag on the right, the sword hilt on the left.
literature
- Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria V: Regensburg and the Upper Palatinate. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03118-0 , pp. 810–813.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information on the organ. In: orgbase.nl. Retrieved September 18, 2019 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 0.7 " N , 11 ° 40 ′ 22.5" E