St. Mauritius (Hildesheim)

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Tower of the parish church of St. Mauritius
Interior
crypt
Cloister
Interior view 1911 - condition until 1968–71.

The former collegiate church of St. Mauritius is a Catholic parish church on the Moritzberg in Hildesheim . The early Romanesque basilica , built between 1058 and 1072, has been preserved without major changes. The interior has been baroque since the 18th century . The cloister is one of the most contemplative places in the city. Under the church there is an impressive crypt , also used for church services . Your parish belongs to the Hildesheim deanery of the Hildesheim diocese .

history

On the hill previously known as Zierenberg there was probably a pagan place of worship as early as the Old Saxon period . Excavations in the crypt in the 1950s uncovered a small, square baptistery , which dates from the early days of Christianization after the Frankish conquest .

In 1024 Bishop Godehard had the strategically important place fortified and built a chapel near the baptistery, to which he gave the patronage of his original monastery , St. Mauritius . He came here in 1038 to die.

Bishop Hezilo founded at this point to 1055 a canonesses - pen , which he in a 1068 collegiate transformed. In 1058 he commissioned the Hildesheim cathedral school director and master builder Benno to build the collegiate church, a three-aisled basilica with a transept and choir tower . The rows of columns without changing the support are "unique" in Northern Germany. Only the collegiate church of St. Peter near Goslar, which had been destroyed since 1527, still had the same interior appearance - pillars, without pillar settings; it is very likely that Benno was also the architect of St. Peter-Goslar.

The crypt with its nine-bay main room, which has been preserved in Romanesque forms to this day, is remarkable . 1072 St. Mauritius was Bishop Hezilo in the presence of King Henry IV. And the Archbishop of Cologne Anno ordained . Hezilo was buried in the church. His grave is under the organ gallery, next to it a donor figure from 1694.

In 1153 Rainald von Dassel became provost of the Moritzstift and had the tower of the church renewed. Under Lippold von Steinberg , the choir was rebuilt in Gothic form in 1413 .

The monastery buildings were badly damaged in the Thirty Years War . The restoration work was not completed until around 1750. The octagonal tower with a baroque dome has risen from the square Romanesque base since 1765 . The baroque interior and fittings were completed in 1745. Daniel and Ernst Ditrich Bartels created the high altar (1692–1735) with the figures of the risen Christ (above), John the Baptist (right) and St. Mauritius as " Mohr " and leader of the Theban Legion (left). The altar painting from the end of the 18th century shows the presentation of the rosary to St. Dominic .

In the course of secularization , the Moritzstift was abolished in 1810. The last dean was the later Bishop Godehard Joseph Osthaus . The church became a parish church.

St. Mauritius survived the Second World War without any significant damage and thus the increased equipment was retained except for the changes from 1969–1971. In 1971 the post-conciliar redesign was completed with the consecration of the new popular altar . By removing the baroque choir stalls from the crossing, today they are in the Holy Spirit Chapel on the cloister, the area for the people's altar was opened up to the transept arms. The cloister, the oldest parts of which date from the founding time of the monastery, was structurally and horticulturally restored in 1974. The openings were made smaller in the 18th century with a half-height wall and the inner courtyard was filled with the building rubble that had accumulated during the Baroque era. The main entrance to the church was moved from the north to the west, removing the so-called Hezilo Tumba and the surrounding benches. The Hezilo statue from 1694 is now attached to a pillar. In the crypt, the foundations of the tower, which was renewed as part of the Baroque era, were removed again after the tower had previously been stabilized by adding concrete. The pulpit (1891) and a Pieta (1902) on the sides of the central nave, both made of sandstone, were removed, as was the communion bench. In 1984 the interior of the church, located around 107 meters above sea level , was carefully renovated .

Since November 1, 2014, the parish of St. Mauritius has also included the churches of St. Altfrid in Ochtersum, the Visitation of Mary in Neuhof , St. Michael in Marienrode and St. Nikolaus in Barienrode .

organ

Organ prospectus

The organ was built in 1687 by the organ builder Martin Vater (Hanover) with 25 stops on two manuals and a pedal . Pipe material from 1524 and 1568 was reused in this instrument. Over the years the organ has been rebuilt and changed several times. In 1978 the organ building company Gebrüder Hillebrand (Altwarmbüchen) rebuilt the instrument and added a swellable substation. The purely mechanical instrument has 33 registers on three manuals and a pedal.

Disposition
I Rückpositiv C–
1. Wooden dacked 8th'
2. Principal 4 ′
3. recorder 4 ′
4th Hollow flute 2 ′
5. Oktavlein 1'
6th Cymbel III
7th Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
Zimbelstern
II main work C–
8th. Quintad 16 ′
9. Principal 8th'
10. Reed flute 8th'
11. octave 4 ′
12. Night horn 4 ′
13. Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
14th octave 2 ′
15th Mixture IV-VI
16. Cornett V 8th'
17th Trumpet 8th'
III Swell C–
18th Lead-covered 8th'
19th Viola da gamba 8th'
20th Principal 4 ′
21st Coupling flute 4 ′
22nd Forest flute 2 ′
23. Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
24. Sesquialtera II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
25th Sharp V
26th Dulcian 16 ′
Tremulant
Pedal C–
27. Principal bass 16 ′
28. Sub bass 16 ′
29 Octave bass 8th'
30th Dacked bass 8th'
31. Choral bass 4 ′
32. Mixture V
33. trombone 16 ′
* Pair : I / II, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Annemarie and Andreas Böhm: Churches, monasteries and chapels. A little Hildesheim art guide . Bernward, 1991, ISBN 3-87065-590-9 , pp. 84 ff .
  2. ^ Julius Ficker: Reinald von Dassel, Imperial Chancellor and Archbishop of Cologne, 1156–1167 . Adamant Media Corporation, 2001, ISBN 0-543-97938-5 , pp. 8 .
  3. ↑ More information about the historical organ

Web links

Commons : St. Mauritius Church (Hildesheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 49 ″  N , 9 ° 55 ′ 35 ″  E