St. Mauritius (Biberach-Prinzbach)

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St. Mauritius from the northeast

St. Mauritius is the Roman Catholic parish church of Prinzbach , a district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg . Together with St. Symphorian Zell am Harmersbach , St. Gallus Oberharmersbach , St. Ulrich Nordrach and St. Blasius Biberach, it belongs to the pastoral care unit Zell am Harmersbach of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . It is also the parish church of Schönberg , a district of Seelbach (Schutter) .

Church with rectory and farm buildings

history

Prinzbach is mentioned for the first time in 1257 in the annals of the Dominican monastery in Colmar : "In Brusbach monte Brisgaudie inveniebatur argentum in magna quantitate" - "Silver was found in large quantities in Prinzbach in the Black Forest." The date was the basis of the 750th anniversary celebrations Year 2007. A pastor in Prinzbach "Walterus Clericus de Brunsebach" is mentioned in 1291. However, the parish is older; after all, in the 13th and 14th centuries, Prinzbach was a town that flourished thanks to its silver mining. It has been considered that Saint Mauritius was elected patron of the church because he protected the miners as well as the soldiers, weapons and cutlers - a belief that is otherwise not proven. With the decline of silver mining in the 14th century, Prinzbach lost its town charter. At that time it belonged to the von Geroldseck family , who introduced Protestantism in 1560 . After they died out in 1634, Prinzbach came to the Lords of Kronberg as an Austrian fief and became Catholic again. The Kronbergers were followed by the von der Leyen men . In 1819 Prinzbach came to the Grand Duchy of Baden . The parish, until 1803 in the Archdiocese of Strasbourg , then in the Diocese of Constance , has belonged to the newly founded Archdiocese of Freiburg since 1821.

Inside to the east

The first church was a rectangular room, much smaller than today's nave, with a rectangular choir attached to the east. In the 13th century, the nave was rebuilt in its current size and a tower was built above the choir. After the war damage, the ship and the tower above its two lower floors had to be rebuilt again between 1699 and 1701. So the church remained, apart from the addition of a sacristy in 1867 and the crowning of the tower with a new, higher pyramid in 1935. From 1950 to 1970 the nave received a new wooden ceiling and heating. During the earthworks the foundations of the first church came to light. The last interior renovation took place from 1983 to 1990.

Inside to the west

building

From the village you approach the east side of the church, i.e. the choir tower , on whose square basement an octagonal bell-house and then the helmet sit on. In the east wall of the lowest floor there is an ogival twin window, and in the bell room there is an arched window. The almost square ship is illuminated by four arched windows on each side and two oculi in the west wall . The ship and tower are slated . The exterior is whitewashed with the exception of red corner cuboids, window and door frames.

The ensemble includes the cemetery around the church with a sandstone cross from 1762, a Lourdes grotto from 1913 and the rectory from 1863 with a barn and stables. The last pastor who managed the farm himself with a servant and maid was Wilhelm Berger (1834–1901). In 1866 he founded the Congregation of the Franciscan Sisters of the Divine Heart of Jesus in Gengenbach and rests in the cemetery.

Inside, a low arch leads into the choir square, the vaulted ribs of which rest on consoles and meet in a keystone with a Lamb of God . The wooden coffered ceiling is supported in the middle of the ship by two wooden columns. "August 29, 1700" is carved into their capitals, perhaps the consecration date after the restoration. Two further wooden columns support an organ gallery in the west, the wooden balustrade of which swings forward slightly in the middle. The brown of the wood, along with the white of the walls, red architectural structures and the sheen of the altars, determine the interior.

High altar and celebration altar

Furnishing

The Dehio-Handbuch 1997 judges the high altar : “Choir altar with aedicula and blind wings in a splendid presentation, around 1715, attributed to Philipp Winterhalder . Hearty, fresh carved figures of the three knight saints Mauritius, Georg and Sebastian , made using the luster technique . “Philipp Winterhalder was a brother-in-law of the then Prinzbach priest. The costs were probably borne by the patron saint Karl Kaspar von der Leyen and Hohengeroldseck (1655–1739). The color of the altar has been renewed according to traces of the original version, blue and gold. Mauritius stands in the middle between pilasters that carry an arch on which palm leaves, cross and crown are seated. Veil boards next to the pilasters end in a volute at the top and a sunflower at the bottom. On the left is Georg killing the dragon, on the right Sebastian, a bow in his left hand, an arrow in his right hand.

pulpit

The two side altars are younger, 1761–1763. Its creator is unknown. In the center of the left is a pietà between each side of a column with a veil board and under a shell. A heart wrapped in flowers leads over to the extract in a halo. God the Father is enthroned above it between putti The center of the right side altar is the Holy Family , surrounded similarly to the Pietà on the left. In the excerpt it says, "This was not originally intended, a figure of St. Anthony that was a little too large ".

The basket of the pulpit from 1782–1783 shows the four evangelists writing in relief (Luke painting a Madonna) with their attributes. A big angel blows a trumpet on the sound cover ( Mt 24.31  EU ), and three putti hold, among other things, the tablets of the Law of Moses.

  • Choir arch on the left

  • Choir arch right

The reveal of the choir arch is painted with images of saints from the 19th century - restored in 1983: on the left Bishop Konrad von Konstanz with the spider on his chalice, Bernhard II (Baden) in knight armor, a blessed , not a saint, and Wendelin with a shepherd's staff and bag, on the right Martha of Bethanien with a bunch of keys, Agatha of Catania with two Agatha breads on a book and Elisabeth of Thuringia with the roses of her rose wonder . An inscription has disappeared: "Because the church has been dreary and desolate since Lutheranism, it was renovated by Baron von der Leyen under Pastor Blochinger in 1701."

The organ is the third at this point. It was constructed in 2001 by Waldkircher Orgelbau Jäger & Brommer .

One of the four bells was cast by Matthäus Edel in Strasbourg in 1768. The three others were cast by the Bachert bell foundry in Karlsruhe in 1951.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Westermann 2007.
  2. ↑ a b c Westermann 2002.
  3. ^ Mauritius in Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
  4. ↑ Zimdars 1997.

Coordinates: 48 ° 19 ′ 13.2 ″  N , 8 ° 0 ′ 2.1 ″  E