Philipp Winterhalder

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Philipp Winterhalder (born May 2, 1667 in Kirchzarten , † December 18, 1727 in Gengenbach ) was a German artist from the Winterhalder family of sculptors . He worked in the baroque style . Hermann Brommer in particular explored his life and work .

Life

Philipp and his younger brother Clemens (* 1668), who also became a sculptor, were three girls, children of the Kirchzarten sculptor Johann Conrad Winterhalder (1640–1676) and Magdalena Hoffmännin (1629–1674). For her it was the second marriage. From her first marriage, with the Kirchzarten sculptor Johann Georg Hauser (1611–1660 / 61) ("Hauser II" after Hermann Brommer), the later sculptor Franz Hauser (1651-1717) ("Hauser III") emerged from seven children .

Philipp and Clemens were only nine and seven years old when their father died. Initially, her grandfather, the sculptor Bartholomaeus Winterhalder (around 1613–1680) took care of her on the Oberfallengrundhof in Neukirch (Furtwangen in the Black Forest) . Afterwards they learned in the workshop of their stepbrother Franz Hauser ("Hauser III") in Freiburg im Breisgau . He had worked for some time in Schlettstadt in Alsace, France, and had a woman from Schlettstadt as his wife. On top of that, Freiburg has belonged to France since the Peace of Nijmegen in 1679 (and until the Peace of Rijswijk in 1697). That may have contributed to the fact that they went to Alsace after their apprenticeship years . It was there, in Dambach-la-Ville , that they created their first known, joint work that Hermann Brommer discovered for them, the high altar of the Sebastian Chapel. In the bills for the altar they are mentioned from 1691 to 1693. Philipp is - just behind the brother - also documented in a Dambach baptism certificate (Latin and in Brommer's translation): “Patrinus fuit Dnus Philippus Winterhalder frater mox praefati d: Clementis, et Senior in arte et aetate.” - “Godfather is Mr. Philipp Winterhalder been the brother of the aforementioned Mr. Clemens, namely the elder both in art and in age. "

Both brothers then worked until the mid-1690s for the Benedictines - Abbey St. Mauritius in Ebersmünster . There Philipp married a sculptor's widow who lived in Strasbourg , probably made decorative carvings for the altars and then returned to Germany. Gengenbach, which was completely destroyed in the Palatinate War of Succession in 1689 , promised good contracts. In 1696 he became a citizen of the city. Clemens' traces, however, are lost after 1696.

In 1700 Philipp was elected councilor in Gengenbach, and probably in the same year he married a second time after the death of his first wife. He had two children of the first wife and fourteen children of the second; among the latter, Clemens (* 1712), who chose the father's profession, but nothing is known about his work and who is no longer attested from 1730.

plant

After Brommer, Clemens is the main master of the Dambach Altarpiece, which has been called "the most beautiful carved altarpiece from the 17th century in Alsace"; Philip played a subordinate role. "What Philipp Winterhalder was supposed to keep throughout his life, however, characterizes the Dambach work to a special degree, the joy of rich decoration." In Ebersmünster, Philipp Winterhalder from Brommer assigns the antependums of the high altar and side altars, "panels richly decorated with ribbon and flower decorations" .

Of Philip's other works are preserved (chronologically):

Tomb for Johannes von Meyershofen in Zell am Harmersbach
  • Around 1700 the coat of arms of the abbot Augustinus Müller (abbot from 1696 to 1726) above the portal to the west wing of the former Benedictine monastery in Gengenbach . According to Brommer, a stylistic characteristic of Philip is the flower decoration and the hair of the two putti, which is wrapped in curls.
  • 1701 Madonna from the main portal of the former abbey church, today's Gengenbacher Stadtkirche St. Marien; the Madonna has been in the former parish church, today's Gengenbacher Friedhofskirche St. Martin, since 1998.
  • 1706 Tomb for Johannes von Meyershofen († 1706) under a protective roof on the southern forecourt of the Catholic parish church St. Symphorian in Zell am Harmersbach . "Elaborate splendor, flower decoration, the cupids with the rolled curls ..., all the details undoubtedly reveal the hand of the Gengenbach sculptor."
  • 1710 high altar of the parish and pilgrimage church of the Holy Trinity in Sasbachwalden . “The architecturally strict form ... is loosened up by the rich decoration, but not obscured. The main picture above the tabernacle shows the coronation of Mary by the Holy Trinity ... It is framed by three columns typical of Winterhalder, two smoothly turned and one twisted, foliage-adorned, which carry an arch-like closure on sturdy beams. In a reduced form, the upper altarpiece is framed in exactly the same way and depicts the Holy Family on the walk ... At the end of the magnificent altar, the Archangel Michael seems to rush over with sword and soul scales to lead the souls to God's judgment. "
High altar of "Maria zu den Ketten" in Zell am Harmersbach
  • 1712–1715 High altar and left side altar of the pilgrimage church “Maria zu den Ketten” in Zell am Harmersbach. "A closer look at the high altar shows that the Winterhalder work has been tinkered with over and over again, so that the current state no longer corresponds entirely to that of 1715."
  • 1719 door of the main portal of the former Gengenbach abbey church. “With fluted ribbons, abundant flowers and foliage, the flat, carved decorative reliefs look like a pattern book of winter-Halder decorative art. ... quality that makes you think of Ebersmünster's fees. "
  • 1720 small altar for the Gengenbacher Friedhofskirche St. Martin, now in the St. Jakobus Chapel on the Bergle.
  • 1722 Winterhalder's figures and plastic jewelry for the high altar of the former Gengenbach abbey church are lost, except for one evangelist Johannes , who is now in the Museum Haus Löwenberg .
  • 1722–1727 sculptural decoration of the high altar and both side altars of the St. Martin cemetery church. "On the solidly built altarpiece <of the right side altar>, whose massive, strict form suggests classicism more than, say, Rococo, the rich decoration in white and gold is striking. ... Voluminous bulging foliage, palmettes and Flower garlands on the donor's coat of arms, the antependium based on the Ebersmünster pattern ... are supplemented by new lattice-like Régence decorations on the pillars and stylized patterns. The crucifix on the choir arch is one of Winterhalder's last datable works.

Not datable, but attributable to Philipp Winterhalder, according to Brommer:

High altar of "St. Anastaius and St. Edith Stein ”in Erlach
  • several crucifixes.
  • Choir altar of the parish church of St. Anastasius and St. Edith Stein in Erlach (Renchen) . "Blind wings formed from ribbed bands with foliage overlapping at the edge and the crowning of the altar are combined to create a rich decoration that is unique to Winterhalder's work around 1715."
  • Choir altar of the parish church of St. Mauritius in Prinzbach, a town in Biberach (Baden) . “Choir altar with aedicula and blind wings in magnificent presentation, around 1715, attributed to Philipp Winterhalder. Hearty, fresh carved figures of the three knight saints Mauritius, Georg and Sebastian , made in luster technique . "

Appreciation

Brommer considers Clemens to be the more important of the Winterhalder brothers. However, his work remained narrow and limited to Alsace. Philipp worked much further. Besides Franz Hauser, he was also influenced by the art of Lower Alsace and Strasbourg. After his naturalization in Gengenbach and his remarriage, he gained a dominant position as a sculptor for the Breisgau and Ortenau . He placed an abundant decoration over the severity of his altar structures. He "left behind a work marked by an unmistakable manner".

literature

  • Hermann Brommer: Philipp and Clemens Winterhalder. The sculptors of the Sebastian altar in Dambach in Alsace. In: The Minster. 1971; 24: pp. 234-239.
  • Hermann Brommer: Philipp Winterhalder (1667–1727). In: The Ortenau. 1974, 54: pp. 54-113.
  • Dagmar Zimdars and others: Georg Dehio. Handbook of Monuments of Art. Baden-Württemberg II. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin 1997. ISBN 3-422-03030-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Brommer 1971, p. 237.
  2. ^ René Haberer, Lucien Gall and Pierre Siegel: St Sébastien / Dambach-la-Ville. 4th edition. Munich and Zurich, Schnell & Steiner 1982.
  3. ↑ Brommer 1974, p. 61.
  4. ↑ Brommer 1974, p. 62.
  5. ↑ City Church St. Marien on the website of the pastoral care unit Vorderes Kinzigtal.
  6. ↑ St. Martin with several photos on the website of the pastoral care unit Vorderes Kinzigtal.
  7. ^ A b c Hermann Brommer: Gengenbach - churches and Bergle chapel. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 1999. ISBN 3-933784-24-7 .
  8. ↑ Brommer 1974, p. 75.
  9. ↑ Website of the pastoral care unit Lauf-Sasbachtal. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
  10. ↑ Marilene Wirth: The Trinity altar of the parish and pilgrimage church in Sasbachwalden. In: Katholisches Pfarramt Sasbachwalden (Ed.): 150 years of the parish and pilgrimage church in Sasbachwalden and 300 years of the high altar for the "Most Holy Trinity". Sasbachwalden 1994, pp: 10-14.
  11. ^ Adalbert Ehrenfried and Suitbert Telgmann: Pilgrimage church 'Maria zu den Ketten' Zell am Harmersbach. 10th edition, Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2008. ISBN 978-3-7954-4417-4 .
  12. ↑ The pilgrimage church on the website of the pastoral care unit Zell am Harmersbach.
  13. ↑ Brommer 1974, p. 82.
  14. ↑ Brommer 1974, p. 87.
  15. ↑ St. Martin with several photos on the website of the pastoral care unit Vorderes Kinzigtal.
  16. ↑ Brommer 1974, p. 92.
  17. ^ The church, with several photos, on the Renchen pastoral care unit website.
  18. ↑ Werner Scheurer : Parish Church of St. Cross Renchen. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 1998. ISBN 3-931820-89-0 .
  19. ^ The church, with several photos, on the Renchen pastoral care unit website.
  20. ↑ Brommer 1974, pp. 97-98.
  21. ↑ St. Mauritius on the website of the pastoral care unit Zell am Harmersbach.
  22. ^ Wolfgang Westermann: Parish Church "St. Mauritius “Prinzbach-Schönberg. Verlag Schwarzwälder Post 2002.
  23. ↑ Zimdars and others 1997, p. 341.
  24. ↑ Brommer 1974, p. 100.
personal data
SURNAME Winterhalder, Philipp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH May 2, 1667
PLACE OF BIRTH Kirchzarten
DATE OF DEATH December 18, 1727
Place of death Gengenbach