Hermann Brommer
Hermann Brommer (born March 18, 1926 in Bühl , Baden ; † October 26, 2012 in Waldkirch ) was a school teacher and, as an art historian , dealt with the landscape of the Upper Rhine , especially for the Baroque period .
Life
His parents were the bank clerk Alois Brommer and his wife Emma nee. Hodapp. Hermann attended the missions high school of the White Fathers in Haigerloch and the high school Hohenbaden in Baden-Baden , both humanistic high schools . In Baden-Baden he passed the Abitur examination after the Reichsarbeitsdienst and military service . He had grateful memories of the director of the grammar school, Leo Wohleb . Because the post-war situation did not allow him to study history and Latin at the university, he studied at the Pedagogical Academy in Gengenbach and passed the first teaching examinations for elementary schools in 1948 and the second in 1950 . In Gengenbach he met his wife Elisabeth geb. Lehmann (1927-2006) know, with whom he had a daughter and a son. After various teaching positions, he became head teacher of the elementary school in Merdingen in 1956 , then rector of this school and in 1980 rector of the primary and secondary school in Ihringen . In Merdingen he led the church choir, while his wife was the organist. In 1985 he retired. The funeral mass after his death took place on November 3, 2012 in the Merdinger Remigius Church. According to his wish, the sermon was held above him, important verses from the Gospel of John ( John 13 : 34-35 EU ) calling for love . He was then buried next to his wife in the Merdinger cemetery.
The son, Wolfgang Brommer, is one of the managing directors of the company Waldkircher Orgelbau Jäger & Brommer , which among other things built the new organ of the Merdingen parish church of St. Remigius .
Art historical work
General
In addition to Brommer's teaching profession, his art historical work grew. In the beginning, in addition to personal inclination, there was the desire of the Merdingen community for a local chronicle, the will to teach the children precise things about their homeland, and the love for the Merdingen parish church of St. Remigius . The sculptor Johann Baptist Sellinger (1714–1779) came from Merdingen ; Works by him were to be assumed in Merdingen, but he had remained practically unexplored. Sellinger was Brommer's first scientific publication, which appeared in two parts in 1962/63. What is remarkable is the critical distance that Brommer maintains from his research subject. Sellinger did not have the rank of Johann Christian Wentzinger , “whose masterpieces… are still today a benchmark for the art of the 18th century in Breisgau. If, with my treatise on the sculptor Sellinger, I had only intended to mark the limits of his capabilities, I might be able to conclude. I would not have done justice to the importance of our master in his home history. He, who found his own, unmistakable style, was denied high artistic fame, although his works are part of the lovable cultural assets of numerous communities in the Breisgau. Reason enough to conclude my contribution to the local art history with the wish that I have succeeded in honoring the sculptor Johann Baptist Sellinger, which will save him from being forgotten. ”About seventeen years later, Brommer significantly expanded his first Sellinger studies.
Critical sympathy also shaped what followed. Brommer once wrote about the beginning around 1960: “This research, which I had actually already begun in the big autumn break in 1959 ... triggered an avalanche of further developments in art history. ... I worked my way into unexpected ramifications that were characterized by an almost criminalistic search for clues. Research had attacked me as a contagious disease. I couldn't get away from it. "
Brommer was autodidact in art history , but the director of the Freiburg Augustinian Museum Werner Noack (1888–1969) and other members of the Breisgau History Association gave suggestions. He was particularly encouraged by the chairman of the Church History Association for the Archdiocese of Freiburg and from 1964 full professor for ecclesiastical geography Wolfgang Müller (1905–1983). Brommer thanked him in 1980 in the Festschrift for Wolfgang Müller with an essay "Was Hans Loy der Meister HL ?"
Through genealogy and style comparisons, Brommer researched the biographies and catalog raisonnés of artists on the one hand, and the creation of individual works of art, especially church buildings and their furnishings, on the other. When analyzing works of art, he was concerned with their interpretation - with religious works of art, their theological interpretation. He wrote about the Merdingen parish church: “For the inhabitants of the Merdingen parish who lived in simple personal circumstances during the 18th century, their new parish church must have been a piece of heaven on earth. At great personal sacrifices, it emerged from the genuine religiosity of that time, which was otherwise the most fertile source for baroque art. To forget that when looking at and appreciating the Merdinger church would mean bypassing the essentials. This is the only way to explain why those responsible brought in outstanding masters from Upper Swabia and the Lake Constance area to create a baroque building in the vineyard on the Tuniberg that is unique among the rural churches in Breisgau. "
Brommer described the identification of the artists on the altar of the Sebastian Chapel in Dambach-la-Ville as his most important discovery . It was known that it had been created between 1691 and 1693 by two sculptors Philipp and Clemens, Dutch, they said in the village. “In pursuit of the traces and driven by the thought that the long stay of the sculptors Philipp and Clemens could have led to personal relationships in Dambach-la-Ville, I systematically examined the registry books of the Dambach-la-Ville parish kept in Strasbourg. Two discovered baptismal entries clarified the authorship in an impeccable manner. ”One of the entries read (Latin and translated by Brommer):“ Patrinus fuit Dnus Clemens Winterhalder Adlsns quoque Brisgoius et artificiosus Sculptor pt hic Novi Altaris pro Sacello S. Martyr. Sebastiani in eius monte hic. - The godfather was Mr. Clemens Winterhalder, the young man from Breisgau and currently residing here, artful sculptor of the new altar for the chapel of the holy martyr Sebastian on his local mountain. "Clemens and Philipp Winterhalder, brothers from Kirchzarten , have" the most beautiful carved altarpiece from the 17th century preserved in Alsace ”. Apart from the individual case, Brommer discovered a bridge between art in Breisgau and Alsace .
While his main focus was on the baroque, he also examined earlier things such as the Konstanz Minster or later things such as the uniformly historicist furnishings of St. Hilarius Church in Bollschweil from 1880–1902 or the St. Michaels Church in Rheinfelden, built in 1991–1992 -Carsau . Merdingen belonged to the Freiburg Commander of the Teutonic Order at the time of the construction of St. Remigius . In 1986 Brommer traveled to Vienna to work in the Order's central archive. There he was asked to plan the 800th anniversary of the Teutonic Order in Freiburg. The permanent product of the celebration in autumn 1989 is the collection of lectures,
Artist monographs
Another example of Brommer's artist monographs is the two-part treatise on the Hauser family of sculptors (1611–1842) , partly written together with his friend Manfred Hermann . Numerous articles in the Nouveau dictionnaire de biographie alsacienne come from him, as well as the following articles in the general artist lexicon :
- Abt, Joseph (1761–1814, German painter)
- Albine, Christian Xaver (1745–1829, Alsatian-French sculptor)
- Altenburger, Franz Bernhard († 1736, Tyrolean painter)
- Amann, Joseph (1720–1796, German sculptor)
- Amann, Joseph Ignaz (1763–1822, German sculptor)
- Arparel, Franz († after 1636, painter in Freiburg im Breisgau)
- Auffenbacher, Hilarius (1679–1738, Austrian painter)
- Bargör, Johann (documented 1727–1736, German sculptor)
- Berthe, François Michel (around 1731–1807, sculptor in Alsace)
- Bilger, Basilius († 1797, German painter)
- Bininger, Joseph (1784–1840, German painter)
- Blödt, Sebastian († 1745, German sculptor)
- Bonauer (18th century, German carpenter family )
- Brachert (mentioned 1722–1812, German painter family)
- Braun, Hans Jakob (1695–1757, sculptor in Alsace)
- Brenzinger, Johann Caspar (around 1651–1737, German painter)
- Bretz, Johann Adam (1724–1803, carpenter and altar builder in Freiburg im Breisgau)
- Budinger, Joseph Anton (1715–1772, German builder)
- Buob, Johann Martin (1707–1776, sculptor in Alsace)
- Butsch, Egidius (1725–1785, German sculptor)
- Cahn, Johannes David (* 1861, German painter)
- Chassain, Jean-Baptiste Alexandre (around 1727–1793, architect in Alsace)
- Chevalier, Johann Philipp (around 1726–1758, sculptor in Alsace)
- Croutelle, Pierre (1735–1794, French sculptor)
- Dettlinger, Joseph (1865–1937, German sculptor)
- Dold, Georg (around 1670–1746, German sculptor)
- Dorner, Fridolin (1746 – before 1777, German painter)
- Dorner, Joseph (1731–1773, German sculptor)
- Eisenmann, Melchior Bernhard (1717–1772, German painter)
- Endres, Anselm (1835–1899, German painter)
- Essigbach, Christoph († 1739, German sculptor)
- Feuerstein, Caspar (1739–1807, German sculptor)
- Fink, Theoddul (around 1699–1743, German painter)
- Fivell, Franz Leonhard (1699–1737, German sculptor)
- Friedrich, Casimir (1736–1787, German sculptor)
- Fuchs, Franz Anton (* 1733, German sculptor)
- Gambs, Benedikt (around 1703–1751, German painter)
- Göser, Simon (1735–1816, German painter)
Art guide
Many work Brommers primarily important to art historians, he is in the series of small art guide and Great art guide of publishing Fast and Steiner and in 1996 the art publisher Josef Fink in Lindenberg im Allgäu achieved an uncommon widespread impact. His art guides are listed here chronologically according to the year of the first edition:
- Endingen am Kaiserstuhl , Catholic parish church St. Peter 1973
- Merdingen, Catholic parish church St. Remigius 1974 and 1989
- Neuershausen , Catholic parish church St. Vincentius Levita 1975
- Fiefdom (Freiburg im Breisgau) , Catholic parish church St. Cyriak 1976
- Freiburg im Breisgau, Adelhauser Church of the Annunciation and St. Katharina 1976
- Bühl (Baden) , Catholic parish church St. Peter and Paul 1977
- Hochdorf (Freiburg im Breisgau) , Catholic parish church St. Martin, 1977
- Tuniberg 1983
- Haslach im Kinzigtal , Catholic parish church St. Arbogast 1978
- Kappel (Freiburg im Breisgau) , Catholic parish church St. Peter and Paul 1979
- Niederrotweil , St. Michaels Church 1979
- Sankt Georgen (Freiburg im Breisgau) Catholic parish church St. Georg 1979
- Freiburg im Breisgau, Maria-Hilf-Kirche 1980
- Mainau , St. Marien Castle Church 1980
- Freiburg im Breisgau, St. Cyriak and Perpetua 1980
- Freiburg im Breisgau, Catholic parish church St. Martin 1981
- Avolsheim , Église Saint Pierre ( Dompeter ) 1981
- Ebnet (Freiburg im Breisgau) , Catholic parish church St. Hilarius 1981
- Meißenheim , Protestant parish church 1983
- St. Blasien in the Black Forest 1983
- Todtmoos in the Black Forest, Catholic parish and pilgrimage church 1983
- Herbolzheim , Catholic parish church St. Alexius 1984
- Birnau am Bodensee, Basilica of Our Lady 1986
- Gengenbach , Kirchen und Kapellen 1986
- Freiburg im Breisgau, Catholic parish church of the Holy Family and subsidiary church of St. Thomas in Betzenhausen 1986
- Tiefenbronn , Basilica of St. Maria Magdalena 1986
- Waltershofen (Freiburg im Breisgau) , Catholic parish church St. Peter and Paul 1986
- Freiburg im Breisgau, St. Ursula 1987
- Soultzbach-les-Bains , Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist 1987
- Reute (Breisgau) , Kirchen 1987
- Tennenbronn , Catholic parish church St. Johannes Baptista 1988
- Tiengen (Freiburg im Breisgau) , Protestant parish church in 1988
- Hinterzarten , Catholic parish church Maria in der Zarten 1988
- Badenweiler , Catholic parish church St. Peter 1988
- Schluchsee (community) , churches of the parish of St. Nikolaus, 1988
- Triberg in the Black Forest , pilgrimage church Maria in der Tanne 1989
- Baden-Baden , Catholic parish church St. Bernhard 1989
- Bad Dürrheim , Catholic parish church St. Johann 1989
- Burkheim am Kaiserstuhl , Catholic parish church St. Pankratius 1991
- Ebersmunster , Église abbatiale St. Maurice 1992
- Neusatz (Bühl) , Neusatzeck Monastery, mother house of the Sisters of III. Order of St. Dominic 1992
- Merzhausen , Catholic parish church St. Gallus 1992
- Wehr (Baden) , Catholic parish church St. Martin 1992
- Bühl- Kappelwindeck , Catholic parish church St. Maria 1993
- Grunern , Catholic parish church St. Agatha 1994
- Bollschweil , Catholic parish church St. Hilarius 1994
- Haut-Kœnigsbourg 1994
- Rheinfelden -Beuggen / Karsau, Catholic parish church St. Michael 1994
- Oberhausen-Rheinhausen , Catholic parish church St. Ulrich 1994
- Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl , Catholic parish church St. Martin 1994
- Riedböhringen , Catholic parish church St. Genesius 1996
- Offenburg , Convent of Our Lady 1997
- Altglashütten , St. Wendelin 1996
- Menzenschwand , Catholic parish church St. Martin 1998
- Lichtenberg (Bas-Rhin) , Way of the Cross of the Church of Sainte-Marie-Auxiliatrice 1999
- Schliengen , Catholic parish church St. Leodegar 1999
- Karlsruhe , Catholic parish church of Our Lady 2000
- Wittnau (Breisgau) , Catholic parish church of the Assumption 2000
- Altshausen , Catholic parish and castle church St. Michael 2001
- Wegenstetten (Switzerland), Catholic parish church St. Michael 2001
- Staufen im Breisgau , Catholic parish church St. Martin 2001
- March- Holzhausen , Catholic parish church St. Pankratius 2002
- Bischoffingen , Protestant parish church St. Laurentius 2002
- Gengenbach , Prelate Tower 2003
- March- Hugstetten , Catholic parish church St. Gallus 2003
- Villingen-Schwenningen , St. Ursula Monastery and School 2002
- Sasbach am Kaiserstuhl , churches and Litzelberg chapel 2010
- Bötzingen , Pestkapelle St. Alban and Catholic parish church St. Laurentius 2012
- Oberwolfach , Parish Church of St. Bartholomew 2012
The list - almost 70 items - is limited to the German-language first editions. The guide to the Hohkönigsburg near Orschwiller in Alsace also exists, for example, in French, English, Spanish, Italian, Dutch and Japanese versions. The 43rd edition of the guide to the Birnau pilgrimage church was published in 2010. Brommer and his guides have made the art landscape of the Upper Rhine accessible to the general public on the German and French sides, and at a high level: “Hermann Brommer's art guides always present a small monograph of the respective building, which is based on intensive archive studies and makes the building accessible from an art and theological perspective . "
Honors
Brommer received the Cross of Merit on Ribbon of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1978 and the papal Order of Honor Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice in 1980 . In 1985 the Baden-Württemberg state government awarded him the title of "Professor". The municipality of Merdingen made him an honorary citizen in 1986. In 1991 the city of Gengenbach honored him with the Otto Ernst Sutter Medal. In 1995 Pope John Paul II named him Knight of the New Year's Eve . In the same year he became honorary conductor of the Merdinger church choir and his wife became honorary organist. In 1996, on his 70th birthday, a commemorative publication entitled “Art and Culture on the Upper Rhine” was published by Bernd Mathias Kremer, the building and art consultant of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . The Republic of France accepted him in 1997 as a knight in the Ordre des Palmes Académiques . In 2003, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order awarded him Crux pro meritis . In 2006 the state of Baden-Württemberg awarded him the Medal of Merit and the Archdiocese of Freiburg the Konrad plaque. On his 85th birthday in 2011, he was honored with the European Regional Culture Prize for art historical research . In 2014, the Merdinger elementary school was renamed the Hermann Brommer School in his honor .
literature
- Ulrich P. Ecker: Obituary Prof. Hermann Brommer (1926–2012). In: Schau-ins-Land. Annual journal of the Breisgau history association Schauinsland. 131 (2012), p. 191 ( online ).
- Bernd Mathias Kremer : Hermann Brommers scientific work. In: Bernd Mathias Kremer (ed.): Art and spiritual culture on the Upper Rhine. Festschrift for Hermann Brommer on his 70th birthday. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 1996, ISBN 3-931820-01-7 , pp. 13-16.
- Martin Ehret: He shaped Merdingen: Pedagogue, autodidact, musician and renowned art historian: Hermann Brommer is dead. In: Badische Zeitung . October 31, 2012.
- Manfred Frietsch: A lasting contribution to the legacy of the church. In: Badische Zeitung. November 6, 2012.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Josef Moosmann: The baroque jewel on Tuniberg receives a new organ. ( Memento from February 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Hermann Brommer: Johann Baptist Sellinger. A Baroque sculptor from Breisgau (1714–1779). Life history and family relationships. In: Schau-ins-Land 80, 1962, pp. 51–69; Hermann Brommer: Johann Baptist Sellinger. A Baroque sculptor from Breisgau (1714–1779). Works and importance in art history. In: Schau-ins-Land 81, 1963, pp. 66–98.
- ^ Hermann Brommer: Johann Baptist Sellinger (1714–1779). News about the life and work of the Breisgau Baroque sculptor . In: Schau-ins-Land 98, 1979, pp. 59–80.
- ^ Hermann Brommer: Was Hans Loy the master HL? in: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv 100, 1980, pp. 161–202.
- ^ Hermann Brommer: Parish Church of St. Remigius Merdingen. Munich and Zurich, Schnell & Steiner 1974.
- ^ Hermann Brommer: Philipp and Clemens Winterhalder. The sculptors of the Sebastian altar in Dambach in Alsace. In: Das Münster 24, 1971, pp. 234–239.
- ^ René Haberer, Lucien Gall and Pierre Siegel: St Sébastien / Dambach-la-Ville. 4th edition. Munich and Zurich, Schnell & Steiner 1982.
- ^ Hermann Brommer (ed.): The German Order and the Ballei Alsace-Burgundy. (= Publications of the Alemannic Institute Freiburg i.Br. No. 63. Bühl / Baden, Konkordia-Verlag 1996, ISBN 3-7826-1263-9 , in it Brommer's essay “Die Deutschordenskommende Freiburg”).
- ^ Hermann Brommer: The sculptors Hauser in Kirchzarten, Schlettstadt and Freiburg i. Br. (1611-1842) Part I, in: Schau-ins-Land 89, 1971, pp. 47-93; Manfred Hermann and Hermann Brommer: The sculptors Hauser in Kirchzarten, Schlettstadt and Freiburg i. Br. (1611-1842) Part II, in: Schau-ins-Land 94/95, 1976/77, pp. 165-200.
- ↑ Kremer 1996, p. 14.
- ↑ Internet site of the Merdingen community: Professor Hermann Brommer . Retrieved November 1, 2012.
- ↑ Mario Schöneberg: Merdinger School gets a new name. In: Badische Zeitung. December 16, 2013.
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Brommer, Hermann |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German teacher and art historian |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 18, 1926 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Bühl (Baden) |
DATE OF DEATH | October 26, 2012 |
Place of death | Waldkirch |