School teacher

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School teacher in a refugee camp in the Central African Republic (2007)

As a school teacher or shortly teachers used to describe people give out professionally other people (especially children and young people) in the teaching profession lessons. Teachers work as employees or civil servants in public or private schools.

International statistics

The following statistics show how many teachers are active in general education schools (public and private) in the respective countries. Part-time employees are also taken into account.

The countries are arranged according to the number of their inhabitants.

country	Number of teachers in general education schools
People's Republic of China	15,000,000
India	6,483,660
United States	3,500,000
Indonesia	2,603,650
Brazil	2,000,000
Pakistan	1,147,877
Nigeria	466,800
Bangladesh	586,000
Russia	> 1,000,000
Mexico	900,000
Japan	920,308 (excluding teachers at private schools)
Philippines	195,302
Ethiopia	> 200,000
Vietnam	944.410
Egypt	809,000
Germany	754.726
Iran	900,000
Turkey	869,600
Democratic Republic of Congo	approx. 400,000
Thailand	808.287
United Kingdom	922.100
France	840,000
Italy	713603
South Africa	426,000
Tanzania	151,882
Myanmar	281,759
South Korea	430,000
Spain	606.141
Kenya	290,000
Ukraine	509,000
Argentina	650,000
Poland	650,000
Iraq	114,745
Canada	445.175
Morocco	230,000
Afghanistan	201,726
Saudi Arabia	> 500,000
Peru	350,000
Romania	217,600
Netherlands	> 240,000
Greece	176,900
Belgium	235,500
Czech Republic	124,200
Portugal	152,300
Sweden	200,000
Hungary	159,400
Austria	197,559
Israel	124,000
Switzerland	110.507
Bulgaria	73,100
Denmark	110,800
Finland	63,500
Slovakia	70,500
Norway	124,900
Lithuania	58,700
Macedonia	27,700
Slovenia	31,600
Latvia	31,500
Estonia	24,200
Luxembourg	11,800
Liechtenstein	5,500

Germany

→ Main article : School teachers in Germany

education

See also: teacher training

In Germany, teachers are usually trained at universities and teacher training colleges . Due to the cultural sovereignty of the federal states , studies are regulated differently in the various federal states . While one- phase teacher training with integrated practical components is currently only carried out as part of pilot projects, teacher training in most federal states is mandatory in two phases, i.e. H. A predominantly theoretical first section, which ends with the so-called First State Examination , is followed by a practical preparatory service . The second state examination forms the conclusion.

statistics

In the 2015/2016 school year, a total of 754,726 teachers were employed in general schools in Germany. This number includes full-time teachers as well as part-time or hourly employees.

working conditions

See also: School teachers in Germany # working conditions

The majority of teachers in Germany do not work in the teacher room system , but go from classroom to classroom over the course of a school day . Schools in Germany have a teachers' room that should theoretically also be used as a workplace, but in practice many teachers avoid it because undisturbed work is often not possible there - due to a lack of consensus among the teaching staff about the function of the room.

The number of teaching hours that teachers in Germany are obliged to attend depends on the type of school and the federal state. It varies between 21 and 28.5 hours per week. There are no statistics covering the whole of Germany for the total time spent on teaching work. The educational researcher Mareike Kunter ( Goethe University Frankfurt ) estimates that activities such as preparing school lessons, correcting classwork, discussions with parents , working groups and administration account for more than 40% of working hours; Depending on the type of school, subject and the teacher's experience, the total working time is 30–70 hours per week.

Income and benefits

See also : Teachers' salaries and remuneration

In Germany, teachers are employed in public schools either as civil servants or as employees . In 2010, 80% and more of the teachers were civil servants in most federal states. In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt, on the other hand, 80% and more of the teachers were employed; in Thuringia it was 43%.

Due to their cultural sovereignty, the German federal states are free to pay teachers not according to the federal pay regulations, but according to their own regulations. The gross salaries for civil servants are highest in Bavaria, Hamburg and Hesse, and lowest in Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate, Bremen and Saarland (as of April 2014). The average annual gross amount of a secondary level 1 teacher in Germany in 2014 was 55,252 euros.

The social benefits that teachers can claim in Germany correspond - depending on their employment - to those that civil servants and employees generally enjoy in this country.

Specializations

The structure of the school system according to teachers in Germany specifically for teaching either in the primary , in secondary education or in secondary education trained. Another possible specialization is that of special education teacher .

United States

Teacher in an American elementary school

See also : United States School System

education

In the United States , the requirements for permission to teach in public schools are regulated by the states . The prerequisites for employment are usually a bachelor’s degree and a completed degree in a recognized teacher training program. According to the structure of the school system in elementary schools, middle schools and high schools , specialized teacher training courses are offered. A teaching traineeship as in Germany is unknown. It is replaced by numerous school internships that have to be completed as part of the course. Since schools cannot fully cover their staffing needs with conventionally trained teachers, alternative programs are offered in many states in which even academics without traditional teacher training can obtain a teaching permit.

statistics

According to an estimate by the US Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics, there are 1.4 million elementary school teachers , 600,000 middle school teachers and 1 million high school teachers in the United States .

working conditions

Kimberly Oliver, Teacher of the Year 2006, with then-President George W. Bush

Unlike in Germany, the class associations in the USA are reassembled every school year and receive new class teachers. Today, the majority of teachers in elementary and secondary schools are specialists who only teach children from a single grade. Teachers who can cover several grade levels are called looping teachers . A looping (German: loop) in which a tutor will supervise a classroom for more than a year, is currently only in pilot projects instead of American primary and secondary schools.

In the USA the teacher room system , in which not the students but the teachers have their own classroom, is the rule; the workplace that they set up there is - depending on the financial resources of the school - often equipped with a telephone, computer and internet connection and is also used outside of class time - e.g. B. for lesson preparation - used. The staff room only serves as a dining room and for informal communication with colleagues.

The nature of the work of American teachers differs markedly from that of German teachers - not in terms of scope, but in quality. American teachers spend more time than their German colleagues on the detailed evaluation of student performance. Elementary school teacher z. B. keep an individual file for each student in which all learning progress of the child is recorded. In some grades, e.g. B. the fourth, at least one test is written every week. Only in the subjects of art, music and sport is little evaluated. On the other hand, the curriculum is so standardized and worked out in such detail from the start that less time is needed to prepare for lessons. Many elementary and middle schools teach natural sciences, for example. B. taught at FOSS , a curriculum developed by scientists at the Lawrence Berkeley Lab that enables teachers to teach children science principles through sophisticated, simple experiments; the program includes detailed teacher's handouts. The specialization of teachers in individual grades and the cooperation with a teacher assistant (elementary school) or in the teaching team (in grades 4 + 5 in many elementary schools, generally at the middle school) also have a relieving effect .

In the first week of May, every year in the USA, the Teacher Appreciation Week is celebrated, in which students and parents thank the school staff with self-designed materials, organized meals and the like. The coordination of these actions traditionally falls within the remit of the Parent Teacher Associations . In the same week, a “Teacher of the Year” is honored annually at both the national and state levels.

Income and benefits

In the US, teachers usually receive a step salary, with the amount of income depending on professional experience. Salary varies widely by state, cost of living, and the grade level the teacher specializes in. In 2004, the median (median) income for teachers was US $ 46,000; the median starting salary for a bachelor's degree teacher was estimated at US $ 32,000. The median salary for high school teachers in 2008 was US $ 50,872. The highest median salary in 2013 was New York ($ 72,708), the lowest in South Dakota ($ 39,850). Some employment contracts include disability insurance, life insurance, and investment options.

Specializations

Teacher assistants and substitute teachers are a special feature of the American school system . A Teacher Assistant (Teacher Assistant) is a salaried auxiliary teacher who - often part-time - support the class teacher at work; Teacher Assistants are mainly used in elementary schools. A high school diploma is usually required for employment, but college graduates are preferred. Some colleges offer special degrees. However, all Teacher Assistants are then trained on the job ( on-the-job training ). In 2006, 1.3 million Teacher Assistants were active nationwide . Her median income in 2006 was US $ 20,740.

A substitute teacher is a teacher who steps in when the regular teacher is unavailable due to illness or other reasons. Substitute Teachers are paid per working day and are so available throughout the USA that lessons are rarely canceled. The requirements for working as a substitute teacher are slightly lower than for regular teaching, and a college degree is often sufficient. Substitute teachers usually do not receive social benefits .

Both handicapped and gifted children become integrative in the public school system, i. H. to mainstream schools taught. Wherever possible, disabled children learn together with non-disabled children, but are also supervised by Special Education Teachers who, depending on the state, must have either a Bachelor's or Master's degree and also have completed special teacher training. In 2006, 459,000 Special Education Teachers were employed nationwide . Many elementary schools employ enrichment teachers in order to be able to offer highly talented children additional suggestions, but also to support working groups . these often have no classical teacher training, but have expertise in areas such as B. Music, foreign languages, mathematics, chess or karate. In 2006 the United States employed 261,000 enrichment teachers . In the secondary area, the Enrichment Honors and Advanced Placement programs, which are supervised by regularly trained teachers, take the place.

School teacher in film and television

Germany

• The Pauker , feature film, 1958
• The Teacher , TV series, since 2009
• Our Teacher, Doctor Specht , TV series, 1991–1999

United States

• Stand and Deliver, feature film, 1988
• The Dead Poets Club , feature film, 1989
• The tough principal , feature film, 1989
• Dangerous Minds , feature film, 1995
• Mr. Holland's Opus , feature film, 1995
• Music of the Heart , feature film, 1999
• School of Rock , feature film, 2003
• Chalk, feature film, 2006
• Half Nelson , feature film, 2006
• Breaking Bad , series, 2008
• Words & Pictures - Anything Goes in Love and Art , feature film, 2013

Other countries

• None less - Not One Less , feature film, China, 1999
• Rita , TV series, Denmark, since 2012

See also

• education
• Teacher
• Schoolmaster

Web links

Wiktionary: Teachers  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Wikiquote: Teachers  - Quotes

Commons : School Teachers  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Status: 2016 Wanted in China: More Male Teachers, to Make Boys Men. Accessed November 4, 2016 (New York Times). 
2. ↑ Status: 2013/2014 Educational Statistics at a Glance. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 30, 2016 ; Retrieved November 4, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ Status: Fall 2014 What are the current trends in the teaching profession? Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
4. ↑ Status: 2008 The Effectiveness of Teacher Training in Indonesia. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
5. ↑ Status: 2015 Teachers in Brazil: Social Mobility and Elements for Federalism Strategies. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
6. ↑ Status: 2009 National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 4, 2016 ; Retrieved November 4, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ↑ Status: 2009 Teacher Shortage in Nigerian Schools: Causes, Effects and Administrators Coping Strategies. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
8. ↑ Status: 2005 Teacher Motivation and Incentives in Bangladesh. P. 2 , accessed on November 5, 2016 . 
9. ↑ Status: Autumn 2015 Livanov: 50th Teacher's Day warmly celebrated in Russia. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
10. ↑ Status: 2015 Teachers' union raises stakes in battle with Mexico's Peña Nieto. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
11. ↑ Status: 2004 Principles and general objectives of education. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
12. ↑ Status: 2016 DepEd chief: More science, math teachers needed. Retrieved November 5, 2016 (CNN). 
13. ↑ Status: 2014 Ethopia removes reading hurdles for students and teachers. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 5, 2016 ; Retrieved November 5, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
14. ↑ Status: 2015 Training teacher educators in Vietnam (details). Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
15. ↑ Status: 2006/2007 Market Landscape for Teacher Training in Egypt. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
16. ↑ Status: 2015/2016 Number of full-time and part-time teachers at general education schools in Germany in the 2015/2016 school year by federal state. Retrieved November 3, 2016 (de.statista.com). 
17. ↑ Status: 2012 Taking a stand for teachers on UN World Teachers' Day. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
18. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r} Status: 2013 Number of teachers in early childhood and primary education, 2013. Accessed November 30, 2016 . Number of teachers in secondary education, 2013. Retrieved November 30, 2016 .   
19. ↑ Status: 2013 The New Push for Education Reform in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
20. ↑ Status: 2006 Secondary Teachers in Thailand. P. 13f , accessed on November 5, 2016 . 
21. ↑ Status: 2014 Highest ever number of school staff. Retrieved November 4, 2016, BBC News. 
22. ↑ Status: 2016 French teachers on strike to protest education reforms. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
23. ↑ Status: 2016 Italy - History & Background. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
24. ↑ Status: 2013 Teachers in South Africa. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
25. ^ Status: 2006 Teacher Professional Development in Tanzania. P. 68 , accessed on November 5, 2016 . 
26. ↑ Status: 2015 Myanmar: Education for All 2015 National Review. P. 12 , accessed on November 5, 2016 . 
27. ↑ Status: 2009 Country Background Report for Korea -. S. ix , accessed November 5, 2016 . 
28. ↑ Status: 2007 School leadership in Span. P. 26 , accessed on November 6, 2016 . 
29. ↑ Status: 2016 Untidy teachers and those who lie to be punished, new TSC rules say. Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
30. ↑ Status: 2011–2012 Margaryta Danilko: Ukraine: Issues in Educational History and Development . In: Nadiya Ivanenko (Ed.): Education in Eastern Europe and Eurasia . Bloomsbury, London a. a. 2014, ISBN 978-1-62356-480-3 , pp. 196 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
31. ↑ Status: 2013 Teachers Unions: Corrupt Institutions or Necessary Protectors? Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
32. ↑ Status: 2014 Teacher salaries near bottom of class. Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
33. ↑ Status: 2014 World Data on Education. Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
34. ↑ Status: 2011 Back to school ... by the numbers. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
35. ↑ Status: 2016 Moroccan Education Minister Admits to Overcrowded Schools. Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
36. ↑ Status: 2014 Too Few, Badly Paid And Unmotivated: The teacher crisis and the quality of education in Afghanistan. Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
37. ↑ Status: 2009 Changing the Way Saudis Learn. Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
38. ↑ Status: 2016 Peru - Teaching Profession. Retrieved November 6, 2016 . 
39. ↑ Status: 2015 A Country Where Teachers Have a Voice. Retrieved November 30, 2016 . 
40. ↑ As of 2012 Sweden: education unions obtain a wage increase for teachers. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
41. ↑ Status: 2013/2014 teachers - Austria 2013/14. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
42. ↑ Status: 2007 Bernie Stein: School Psychology in Israel . In: Shane R. Jimerson, Thomas D. Oakland, Peter T. Farrell (Eds.): The Handbook of International School Psychology . Sage, Thouand Oaks, London, New Delhi 2007, ISBN 1-4129-2669-6 , pp. 189 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
43. ↑ Status: 2012/2013 Number of teachers at public schools in Switzerland by level of education in 2012/2013. Retrieved November 4, 2016 . 
44. ↑ Status: 2014 Teacher Education in Finland. Retrieved November 5, 2016 . 
45. ↑ Number of full-time and part-time teachers at general education schools in Germany in the 2015/2016 school year by federal state. Retrieved November 3, 2016 (de.statista.com). 
46. ↑ Daily madness in the staff room: "Do you have a moment?" Retrieved November 3, 2016 . 
47. ↑ Compulsory lessons for teachers in the federal states. Retrieved November 3, 2016 . 
48. ↑ Teachers have it easy - or do they? Retrieved November 3, 2016 . 
49. ↑ Official status and number of teachers at general and vocational schools in 2010 by federal state. Retrieved November 3, 2016 . 
50. ^ Salary for teachers: teachers' salaries for civil servants and collective bargaining employees. Retrieved November 3, 2016 . 
51. ^ Teachers - Preschool, Kindergarten, Elementary, Middle, and Secondary
52. ↑ Elementary School Teachers, excluding Special Education
53. ↑ Middle School Teachers, excluding Special and Vocational Education
54. ^ Secondary School Teachers, excluding Special and Vocational Education
55. ↑ Teachers advance with their students  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
56. ↑ Teacher Appreciation
57. ^ National Teacher of the Year - nnstoy.org
58. ↑ http://www.tda.gov.uk/upload/resources/pdf/t/teacher_salaries.pdf US Department of Labor: Bureau of Labor Statistics
59. ↑ teacherportal.com , Salary Wizard
60. ↑ Make It Happen: A Student's Guide
61. ↑ Teacher Assistants
62. ↑ How to Become a Substitute Teacher ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Substitute teaching 
63. ↑ Teachers - Special Education ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
64. ↑ Teachers - Self-Enrichment Education ( Memento of the original from May 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; National Enrichment Teachers Association website