St. Nikolaus (Waldau)

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St. Nicholas in Waldau

St. Nikolaus is the Catholic parish church of Waldau , a district of Titisee-Neustadt in the Black Forest. She belongs to the pastoral care unit Titisee-Neustadt.

history

The local area was settled from 1100 by servants from the St. Peter Monastery, founded in 1093 . "Wîdiwanc", today "Widiwand", a courtyard and a hill in Waldau, is mentioned around 1111 in the Rotulus Sanpetrinus , an inventory of the monastery. "Walda" is called 1178, "Waldau" 1265. Secular lords were the founders of the St. Peter monastery, the dukes of Zähringen , and after their extinction in 1218, the heirs of the Counts of Fürstenberg . In 1528 the Fürstenbergers sold their rights to the monastery, so that in 1612 it was called: "In Waldau the church of St. Peter has high, low, forest and all other authorities, land." With St. Peter, Waldau belonged for almost 300 years Upper Austria until it fell to the Grand Duchy of Baden with the monastery in 1806 .

Pastors were first monks of St. Peter. A chapel is first attested by a consecration in 1411, “capella s. Nicolay in Waldow in silva nigra, filialis parrochialis eccesie vulgo dicte ze der Núwen churches "," Nikolauskapelle in Waldau, branch church of the church called Neukirch ". The monks came “equitando”, on foot or on horseback. In 1502 Waldau and the neighboring Neukirch received a permanent pastor from the San Petrine abbot Peter Gremmelsbach , who lived in Neukirch and looked after both communities from there. Holy mass should take place in Waldau every third Sunday. Because of the great distance - four and a half kilometers as the crow flies between Waldau and Neukirch - in "deep snow and otherwise bad weather ... many of these people ... were unable to attend a service at all, causing great harm to their hearts." Abbot Philipp Jakob Steyrer appointed Waldau's own pastor in 1761 - the first was Lorenz Rohrer, parish vicar from 1762 to 1771. The abbot also ordered a new church to be built.

The baroque church on a plaque for Lorenz Rohrer, † 1801.

Building history

He ordered his monastery builder Hans Willam to do this . According to the contract of April 1762, he should “demolish the old church, build a new one according to the present plan, ... provide the nave, choir and sacristy with a plaster ceiling, do the stone-carving and carpentry work, as well as the blacksmithing and locksmithing work, and finally the building supervision to lead". The service could already be held again in October. The three altars were taken from the old chapel, but the main altar was replaced from 1764 to 1765. In 1775 the church was consecrated by the Constance Auxiliary Bishop Augustin von Hornstein.

An expansion took place from 1880 to 1881. The cemetery that had previously surrounded the church was relocated, the baroque roof turret was broken off, the nave was extended to the west and a tower was placed in front of it.

From 1907 to 1908 the interior was supplemented in the neo-baroque style with canvas paintings for ceilings and walls by Josef Kaltenbach (1869–1912); then in 1963 (in addition to a new roofing , installation of an oil heating system and the construction of a new sacristy) a “purification”, ie removal of most of the ingredients from the beginning of the century - Kaltenbach's pictures are now kept on the church granary, apart from an escape to Egypt ; finally 2001 to 2004 the most recent restoration.

Exterior

The appearance of the baroque church is preserved on a plaque for its first parish vicar Lorenz Rohrer. It was in the middle of the walled cemetery. The ship had entrances in the south and west and three window axes. The choir closed on three sides and was surmounted by a roof turret with an onion hood .

Look at the choir

Today the ship has five window axes. The neo-Romanesque western face from 1880/81 made of red sandstone blocks is dominated by the protruding four-storey tower with a pointed helmet. Lateral pilaster strips, which rise diagonally towards the tower at the roof edges, and a cornice under the arched windows at the side, which forms a pointed gable above the arched portal, hold the facade together. Except in the west, the building is plastered. The south wall is decorated with a painting of the patron saint, St. Nicholas of Myra .

Interior

The single-nave room is tinted ocher yellow, the hollow under the ceiling is pink. Window frames and reveals are decorated with stucco ornaments. Since 1963, instead of Kaltenbach's canvases, the ceiling has had paintings by Manfred Schmid (1911–2009) in curved neo-baroque stucco frames , namely a resurrection of Jesus Christ , a Pentecost miracle and a picture of All Saints' Day .

  • High altar

  • Peter

  • High altar

  • tabernacle

  • Assumption Day

  • Paul

The high altar was carved in 1764/65 by order of Abbot Steyrers Matthias Faller with the help of an altar carpenter. He created the apostles Peter and Paul on the confessionals left and right, the two vases and angels and the entire decoration of gilded capitals, leaf garlands and rocailles . The tabernacle, however, comes from the previous church, except for the modern doors. "The twisted columns, surrounded by vine leaves, the cartouches, the angel's head in the middle and the two side figurines tell of the hand of Bartle Winterhalder , the father of Black Forest sculpture." The altar paintings " Assumption of Mary " and " Stoning of St. Stephen " ascribes Hermann Simon Göser , whose first works in the area of ​​the St. Peter monastery they are.

  • Left side altar

  • Right side altar

  • Bartholomaeus Winterhalder's Nicholas

  • Stephen

  • crucifix

According to Hermann, both side altars are also works by Bartholomaeus Winterhalder, with the exception of the statue of St. Nicholas in the right altar.

The Madonna in the left altar, Marienaltar, "is one of the most important of the time in the Black Forest". Above that, Winterhalder placed a " Coronation of Mary " between putti and God the Father on top with the globe in front of a halo.

Rest of the Neo-Baroque: Kaltenbach's escape into Egypt in a niche to the left of the entrance

The structure of the right side altar, St. However, Matthias Faller replaced the Winterhalderscher Nikolaus with his own, "who is one of his most beautiful bishop figures". Winterhalder's Nikolaus is now on the left wall of the ship. On the upper floor of the right side altar stands the Jesus child between Mary and Joseph , at the top the Archangel Michael with a flaming sword and soul scales .

The pulpit on the left side of the ship and the crucifix and St. Stephen on the right side of the ship are also works by Faller.

Wolfgang Eckert's celebration altar and ambo from 2001 contrast in their simplicity with the baroque and rococo of the surroundings. Wolfgang Kleiser (* 1936), born in nearby Urach , carved the Way of the Cross in 1965 .

Appreciation

Two judgments about a hundred years apart show the change in appreciation. The list of art monuments of the Grand Duchy of Baden published by Franz Xaver Kraus is located in Waldau in 1904: “The newer parish church offers nothing of interest.” The high altar is “in a baroque style”. According to Manfred Hermann's church leader from 2005, the church impresses with the cheerful baroque colors of its altars, which he believes were part of St. Peter's endearing cultural heritage.

literature

Web links

Commons : St. Nikolaus (Waldau)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ Jutta Krimm-Beumann: The oldest goods registers of the St. Peter monastery in the Black Forest. Kohlhammer-Verlag, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-17-021794-2 , certificate R 12 .
  2. ↑ Kraus 1904, p. 402.
  3. ↑ Weber 2006, p. 24.
  4. ↑ Kraus 1904, p. 403.
  5. ↑ Kern 1959, p. 81.
  6. ↑ Weber p. 34.
  7. ^ Franz Kern: Philipp Jakob Steyrer, 1749–1795 abbot of the Benedictine monastery of St. Peter in the Black Forest. In: Freiburg Diocesan Archive. Volume 79, 1959, pp. 41 f., 80 ff., 198, 200, 215.
  8. ^ Weber, p. 37.
  9. ↑ Hermann 2005, p. 14.
  10. ↑ a b Hermann 2005, p. 17.
  11. ↑ Manfred Hermann's statement S: 11, it is a question of a holy walk , possibly refers to another surviving picture of Kaltenbach.

Coordinates: 47 ° 58 ′ 55.2 "  N , 8 ° 9 ′ 56.7"  E