St. Philipp and Jakob (Kühnring)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Philipp and Jakob in the Lower Austrian village of Kühnring rises on the hill of the former Kuenringer fortress Kühnring Castle . The Romanesque ashlar building with a recessed, semicircular, low choir apse and a built-in south aisle has an originally free-standing tower south of the apse. To the south of the church there is a round barn and the remains of the wall of the medieval castle. The church complex is surrounded by a cemetery and an enclosure wall. She belongs to the deanery Horn .
history
According to tradition , the church was founded as a castle chapel in 1083 by Azzo , the progenitor of the Kuenringer family . In 1276 it is mentioned as a parish church . After renovations in 1594 and 1660, the latter being decisive for the construction, the bell storey of the tower was built in 1747. Originally there was a Margaret Chapel to the southeast of the church, which was demolished in Josephine times. The building was renovated in 1817 and 1871.
Exterior
The simple Romanesque nave is covered by a gable roof over a grooved eaves and is dated to the 12th century. In the north, the unplastered ashlar masonry is pierced by two bricked-up and two newer arched windows. A south aisle was added around 1660 . In addition to a round window with a stone quatrefoil from the 14th century, there is a walled, profiled stone wall door in the west . In the gable of a projecting, low porch with a gable roof from the 17th century, the Corpus Christi relief of a baroque tombstone from the 18th century is walled in. A stone-framed portal with secondly offset garment posts with a tendril frieze as a relief and a round medallion with a bust was made around 1600. The inside of the portal is vaulted by a needle cap barrel and has half-figure console brackets, which are labeled "1594". On the east side of the church there is a rectangular stone window from the 17th century. The walled-up door in the smooth gable front on the west side could previously have been the high entry from the castle to the gallery . Next to it there is a profiled stone window and two round hatches. A stone cross from the 17th century rises on the first. A figure of a saint is walled in on the eastern gable wall above the conical roof of the apse. It may be a Romanesque representation of St. Vitus . On the church wall there is a stone sculpture, the mysterious "Götzenmanderl". It is popularly considered an archaic-demonic landmark of Kühnring.
The south-facing choir is divided by a Romanesque round arch frieze with blind arcades on wall templates with semicircular services and also dates from the 12th century. Its northern arched windows were installed in the 19th century.
The building structure of the tower with a square floor plan is Romanesque up to the sound windows made in the 18th century . In the south it has a stone-walled door with a skylight , above it a stone pedestal on two curved consoles with stone-walled doors, and is accessible via a wooden staircase.
Interior
The two-aisled and two-bay nave has a barrel vault with stitch caps reaching into the middle over a profiled cornice from the second half of the 17th century in the main nave. This was originally higher than it is today, and traces of ornamental painting and a Romanesque window can still be seen in the attic. Two arched openings lead to the south barrel-vaulted aisle with stitch caps and a straight end. The stairway to the gallery is located in the southwest of the aisle. This rests on a pressed stab cap barrel. The retracted choir with surrounding cornice under the apse dome is raised by one step and has a walled-in arched window with glazing from 1942 in the apex. The sacristy, accessible through a profiled stone-walled door, and the connection from the tower to the choir are vaulted with barrels. The basement of the tower has a monastery vault .
Facility
The church has a neo-Gothic high altar from the 19th century and a Johannes Nepomuk altar in the side aisle from the 18th century with pictures from the 20th century. On the south wall of the aisle there is a 19th century crucifix. Other furnishings include a Renaissance baptismal font from around 1600, a pulpit and benches that were made around 1900, a confessional from the 18th century, a vestry cabinet with an essay from the 17th century and an offering box in the entrance room with a beveled, Gothic pillar from the 15th century. The organ was built by Franz Capek in 1908 and rebuilt in 1945.
The church has three bells. The oldest is dated to the year 1515. Another was cast by Lorenz Selner in 1668 and the youngest is by Franz Ulrich from 1732.
Tombstones
The parish church's inventory includes several remarkable tombstones and tombstones:
- Inside on the south wall of the main nave a yellow sandstone slab with a relief of the crucifixion of Christ in a landscape with kneeling donors, a marble frame with flat volutes and leaves and a cartouche with the inscription "Simon Harißlemb and Margaretha, 1664".
- To the north a relief of the creation of Adam in a rich cartouche frame, lateral sphinxes with protruding entablature, on it a male bust flanked by putti, stonemason mark and monogram "AH", below a cartouche with the inscription "Adam Haresleb, the disses house of God has vaulted and dökhen, died 1683 ".
- Outside on the south side of the tower is a sandstone slab divided into three horizontal fields. The upper field bears a representation of the crucifixion with numerous figures; the middle four coats of arms; the lower one in scroll frame with cherub heads the inscription "Valentin Pollani zu Wisent, d. 1583".
- A sandstone slab to the south of the choir; in the upper area a panel with spiral framing, crowning cherub heads and a heavily fragmented inscription (probably "Michael Heim, 1672"); at the bottom an arched field depicting the crucifixion with two donors.
- Baroque aedicula tombstone from the first half of the 18th century next to the sandstone slab on the choir, with a relief of a kneeling woman with a bowl of flames, crowned by a male figure.
Karner
South of the church is a two-story Romanesque round barn. It has a round apse over a stepped projection. Its conical roof with a wooden lantern and onion dates from the 19th century. It has a plinth-like stepped cornice, a circumferential grooved eaves cornice and two profiled oval windows from the 18th century. A walled-in arched window can be seen at the apse. The building is accessible via an early Gothic step portal and a stone staircase with side vases. A strongly profiled pointed arch from the end of the 13th century rests on two cap capitals. A Renaissance pillar with a tendril ornament is walled in as a door threshold. The basement has two square windows with stone walls and an exit on the northeast side. The interior is flat at the top and decorated with a profiled mirror and surrounding cornice from the 18th century. The former ossuary is covered by a cross vault. The altar of the Karner with a representation of the holy grave and figures of Gabriel and Raphael is dated to the time around 1713.
graveyard
The cemetery is walled and has recently been expanded to the west. Its portal is marked 1683 and has a shoulder arched door and a balustrade crowned on both sides by spheres and vases . Above the door is a lunette with a relief of the Risen Lord from the 17th century and a crowning stone cross with the inscription "1672". Baroque gravestones from the 18th century are incorporated into the cemetery wall. Also noteworthy are a Rococo cemetery cross from the middle of the 18th century and a late Baroque cross marked "1843". To the south and west of the church there are masonry remains of the former Kuenringerburg, some of which were included in the design of the cemetery area. A group of calvaries with strongly moving figures rises on mighty wall fragments - a work by the sculptor Jakob Seer from the year 1732. A mighty stone cross from the 17th century rests on another wall remnant on the west side. To the south the former neck moat of the castle can be seen, with remains of colossal cast masonry and beam imprints, which probably come from the foundation plate of the fortress.
Web links
literature
- DEHIO Lower Austria north of the Danube . Berger, Vienna 2010, ISBN 978-3-85028-395-3 , p. 617ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ cf. Robert Bouchal - Johannes Sachslehner : Waldviertel. Mystical - mysterious - unknown. Vienna: Pichler Verlag 2002, ISBN 3-85431-274-1 , p. 73
Coordinates: 48 ° 38 '0.5 " N , 15 ° 47' 0.7" E