St. Ulrich and Martin (Wittislingen)
The Catholic parish church of St. Ulrich and Martin in Wittislingen , a municipality in the district of Dillingen on the Danube in the Bavarian administrative district of Swabia , was built in the middle of the 18th century on the site of a previous Romanesque building. The free-standing bell tower was formerly the keep of a castle from the 13th century. The church is a protected architectural monument .
history
Already in the 6./7. Century was Wittislingen the seat of a high noble family to which the noble family of Hupaldinger, the ancestors of the Counts of Dillingen succeeded. From this came Bishop Ulrich von Augsburg , in whose vita written by Gerhard von Augsburg around 990 the place Witegislinga is mentioned. When the Hupaldingers moved to their new Dillingen castle around 950 , they left Wittislingen ministers and the Wittislingen taverns . The parish church, originally dedicated to St. Martin was consecrated. In the 13./14. In the 16th century the castle was abandoned and a basilica was built for the village that was built around the castle on the site of the former castle chapel . The area within the still-preserved curtain wall was used as a cemetery. As in Donaualtheim , only the keep remained of the castle, which became the church tower. Around 1550, he was raised by three bullets and with a gable roof covered in the two lucarnes are cut. In 1750, the old church was demolished and a new church was built according to designs by Franz Xaver Kleinhans (1699–1776) and Joseph Eberhard from Dillingen, which was consecrated in 1752 . In 1805, Martin's patronage was expanded to include that of St. Ulrich.
architecture
Exterior construction
The building is made of plastered brickwork . At a short distance from the church, on its north side, rises the square, 39-meter-high tower with the Uhrle , the smallest bell, which rings at 9 p.m. and 2 a.m. at night. It recalls the legend according to which St. Ulrich got lost in the fog and found his way to Wittislingen again through the sound of the bell.
Signed entrance portals are located on the north and west sides .
inner space
The single nave nave is divided into four axes and, like the choir, is covered with a flat barrel with stitch caps . The retracted choir is semi-circular and raised by two steps. The walls are structured by large arched windows and flat pilasters with a profile cornice . The western end is formed by a double gallery , which rests on four wooden columns with Corinthian capitals and the upper, curved middle section is supported by three bottle-shaped wooden columns with composite capitals .
Piece
The stucco decoration with latticework, shell work cartouches , ribbons and flower wreaths is preserved in the choir and on the choir arch from the time the church was built. In the nave it was removed in the 18th century and replaced by paintings.
Ceiling pictures
The original ceiling paintings were replaced by pictures by Konrad Huber (1751–1830) in 1787 . Ecclesia and synagogue are represented in the choir . The painting bears the signature: Conradus Huber von Weißenhorn pinx: 1787 (Conradus Huber von Weißenhorn painted it). The grisailles in the surrounding cartouches represent the four evangelists .
The theme of the ceiling painting of the nave is the glorification of the patron saints , St. Ulrich and St. Martin. It is framed by a simulated balustrade , behind which people follow a procession . At the edges are reminded of episodes from the history of the parish such as war, plague and the conflagration of 1783.
Furnishing
- On the north side of the choir there is a limestone altar plate with inscription on a modern substructure . It is dated to around AD 600.
- The holy water font next to the north portal is composed of various fragments. A Romanesque cube capital was reused as the bowl and a pinnacle from the 15th century as the base.
- A painting on canvas from the first half of the 18th century shows Thietburga, the mother of St. Ulrich, and is painted in the style of the 15th century.
- A grave slab from 1752 is set in the floor in front of the choir, which reminds of Thietburga, the mother of St. Ulrich.
- The baptismal font , a limestone shell, dates from the 2nd half of the 17th century. The monograms of Christ and Mary, the heart of Jesus and an angel's head are engraved in the shaft of the baluster base .
- The pulpit was created around 1761 and modified around 1800.
- The cheeks of the pews with rich ribbon and shell carvings date from 1770.
- The two three-part confessionals were also made in the second half of the 18th century.
- The wooden sculpture of the Madonna in a halo is dated around 1790 and is attributed to the workshop of Johann Michael Fischer (1717–1801).
literature
- The art monuments of the district of Dillingen an der Donau , edited by Werner Meyer, in the series: The art monuments of Bavaria. The art monuments of Swabia. Vol. VII. District of Dillingen on the Danube . Munich 1972, ISBN 3-486-43541-8 , pp. 956-969.
- Georg Wörishofer, Alfred Sigg, Reinhard H. Seitz: Cities, Markets and Communities . In: The district of Dillingen ad Donau in the past and present . Edited by the district of Dillingen an der Donau, 3rd revised edition, Dillingen an der Donau 2005, pp. 415-416.
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 37 ′ 5 " N , 10 ° 24 ′ 56" E