Stablack (landscape)
| Rod lacquer
Wzniesienia Górowskie
|
||
|---|---|---|
._-_panoramio.jpg) Wałsza River |
||
| Highest peak | Góra Zamkowa ( 216 m ) | |
| location | Warmia-Masuria , Poland , Kaliningrad , Russia | |
|
||
| Coordinates | 54 ° 20 ′ N , 20 ° 24 ′ E | |
Stablack (Polish: Wzniesienia Górowskie ) is the name of a landscape in Poland ( Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship ) and Russia ( Kaliningrad ). According to the geomorphological classification of Poland , the region is part of the Nizina Staropruska .
Geographical location
The Stablack with its hilly, scenic mixed forest area extends from the southwest of the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad ( Königsberg area (Prussia) ) between the rivers Drewenz (Russian: Drwenza, Polish: Drwęca) and Frisching (Russian: Prochladnaja, Polish: Świeża) to northwest Poland - the Polish part of the Stablack called "Wzniesienia Górowskie" - Warmia and Mazury between the middle reaches of all (Polish: Łyna, russian: Lawa) and the lower reaches of the pass Argentinas (Polish: Pasłęka). The main locations in the area of Stablack are the cities of Mamonowo (Heiligenbeil) , Kornewo (Zinten) , Bagrationowsk (Prussian Eylau) and Domnowo (Domnau) in Russia and Górowo Iławeckie (Landsberg (Eastern Pr.)) And Pieniężno (Mehlsack) in Poland.
The former railway line from Heiligenbeil via Zinten to Preußisch Eylau , of which today only the last section is used for military traffic, crossed the Stablack area in a west-east direction, and the railway line from Kaliningrad (Königsberg) to Bagrationowsk (Prussian Eylau) (former East Prussian Southern Railway ) runs along its eastern edge.
Place name
The name of the Stablack comes from the stones and boulders that can be found everywhere. The old Prussian word “ stabis ” means “stone”, and the word “ laucks ” denotes the “field”, the “field”: Stablack = Steinacker, Steinfeld.
Landscape description
Stablack is a large part of the country characterized by moraines . It is a primary rock from the Tertiary , which was completely abraded during the Ice Age . The melting glaciers deposited their debris in cracks in the rock and on plains as ground and terminal moraines.
The scree landscape of the Stablack builds up in steps towards the center and reaches a level of 200 meters above sea level in the southeast. Its highest elevation is the Schlossberg (Polish: Góra Zamkowa) at Dzikowo Iławeckie (Wildenhoff) in Powiat Bartoszycki ( Bartenstein district ), formerly in the Prussian Eylau district , at 216 meters .
The Stablack is mostly forested. But there are also numerous moors and breaklands as the remains of now silted up ice age lakes. In the triangle of terrain of the place formerly known as Kupgallen , as well as Kandyty (Kanditten) and Lelkowo (Lichtenfeld) , you can often find remarkable boulders .
Stablack district
The Stablack was May 7, 1874 its name to a District , which, within the district Preußisch Eylau in the administrative district of Konigsberg the Prussian province of East Prussia was built. It initially consisted of the Prussian Eylau estate , Forst (Forsthäuser Stablack and Wilhelmshöhe). On September 30, 1928, the Prussian Eylau, Forst estate joined with the Klein Dexen exclave (Russian: Furmanowo, no longer existent) of the Körnen estate (today Polish) and the Lölken and Pilzen estate (today in Russian: Dubrowka) to form the new rural municipality of Klein Dexen (Furmanowo) together. On May 14, 1930, the Stablack district was dissolved and the rural community of Klein Dexen was incorporated into the Dexen district (Russian: Nagornoje).
On September 1, 1939, the Stablack administrative district was newly formed from the Stablack estate, which had previously been divided into the administrative districts of Dexen (today in Russian: Nagornoje), Eichen (today in Polish: Dęby) and Wackern (in Russian: Jelanowka, now defunct) July 1940 converted into a "parish-free manor district". As such, it existed until 1945.
Stablack military training area
In the summer of 1934, the Stablack military training area began to be laid out on an area of 10,000 hectares in the eastern area of Stablack, ten kilometers west of Preussisch Eylau (now Russian: Bagrationowsk) . From 1936 it was the second military training area next to Arys (now Polish: Orzysz) in East Prussia. For the nearby army ammunition facility ("MUNA"), a freight yard was created in 1937 not far from the Stablack passenger station on the Heiligenbeil (Russian: Mamonowo) - Prussian Eylau (Bagrationowsk) railway .
After 1945 the military training area was used by both the Soviet and Russian military.
Garden city Stablack
On the grounds of the training area Stablack originated from autumn 1935 on the faces of the village Domtau (Russian: Dolgorukowo) and the Discretionary field and forest germ (Russian too: Dolgorukowo) a settlement because of their houses with gardens and "garden city" Stablack (Russian today also : Dolgorukowo) called. The town of Stablack already had 2,734 inhabitants in 1939, the majority of whom were military. Until 1945 it belonged to the district of Preußisch Eylau in the administrative district of Königsberg in the province of East Prussia and is now located in the Bagrationovsk district of the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast .
Stalag IA stick paint
From the third week of September 1939, Polish prisoners of war were housed in large tent camps on the site before they were distributed to the surrounding villages for work. Later built the Wehrmacht that here Stalag IA ( "main camp IA") in the Military District I as barracks for prisoners of war. Immediately after the Second World War , many German women and men were interned here .
Winter sports
The Koenigsberg Ski Club had its ski lodge in stick paint.
References
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Stablack in the East Prussia portal
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Stablack district
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Dexen district
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. preylau.html # ew33preystablack. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ See: Werner Buxa: Bilder aus Ostpreußen, Augsburg 1990, p. 168.
literature
- Emil Masuhr, The stick lacquer. A Landscape Studies , Part 1: The Nature of the Land , 1923