Kornewo
| settlement
Kornewo
Zinten Корнево
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg)
Kornewo ( Russian Корнево , German Zinten , Polish Cynty , Lithuanian Cintai ) is a settlement in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad . It belongs to the local government unit Stadtkreis Bagrationowsk in Bagrationovsky District .
location
The village is located in the historical region of East Prussia , east of the Fresh Lagoon , about 23 km east of Mamonowo and 35 km southwest of Kaliningrad .
history
The Kirchdorf Zinten ( Old Prussian Items since : Dogwood -Strauch; sindats : Sitting, settle) received in 1313 the city rights to Kulm law. Originally the place belonged to Warmia , but when it was divided in 1466 after the Second Peace of Thorne , like Heiligenbeil, it remained with the rest of the order and has since been included in the Natangen region . By the Second World War , the city grew to almost 6,000 inhabitants. It had been a garrison town since 1938 (I. Dept. Panzer Regiment 10 in the Seydlitz barracks) and was characterized by a wide range of medium-sized companies. In Zinten there has been a local court, a train station (1885), a horse racing course (1936), a forest swimming pool (1932), a city park (1932), ski jumps (1936), a gym (1929), a youth hostel (1934) and various things since 1865 Societies.
Since Protestants were not allowed to stay there longer than a year in Catholic Warmia up until 1773 , many Protestant Ermländer circumvented this rule by settling in nearby Zinten for a day. This brought the city the joke name "foreign", which was still common in the 20th century.
The city had been laid out according to plan with a regular road network. The town hall stood in the middle of the market square. The church, which was rebuilt in 1741, stood on a hill. Zinten belonged to the district of Heiligenbeil . The city's coat of arms shows two silver towers crossing each other, above which a golden bull's head hovers in a blue field.
During the Battle of Heiligenbeil in February 1945 during the Second World War , in which the 4th Army of the German Wehrmacht was crushed, Zinten changed military occupation several times and, like the neighboring district town, was destroyed to the greatest extent. After the end of the war, Zinten was administered by the Soviet occupying power together with the entire northern half of East Prussia . In 1947 the Russian place name Kornewo was introduced for Zinten , and the place also became the seat of a village soviet . Due to its location near the border with the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and away from major traffic connections, the development opportunities of the place since 1945 were slim. It lost its town charter and is now just a modest settlement. The old town was not rebuilt, only a fragment of the tower remains of the church.
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union , the place and region have belonged to the Russian Federation . From 2008 to 2016 the place belonged to the rural municipality Pogranichnoje selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Bagrationovsk.
Kornewski selski Sowet / okrug 1947–2008
The village soviet Kornewski selski Sowet (ru. Корневский сельский Совет) was established in June 1947. Until 1962 it was in Ladushkin Raion . After its dissolution, the village soviet came to Bagrationovsk Raion. After the collapse of the Soviet Union , the administrative unit existed as the village district Kornewski selski okrug (ru. Корневский сельский округ). In 2008 the remaining three places Kornewo, Kossatuchino and Medowoje were incorporated into the newly formed rural community Pogranichnoje selskoje posselenije .
| Place name | Name until 1947/50 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Alexandrovskoye (Александровское) | Bombs and Robits | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the village soviet Oktjabrski (Moritten). Since 1954 he belonged to the village soviet Tschapajewski and since 1963 (?) To the village soviet Kornewski. The place was abandoned before 1988. |
| Donskoye (Донское) | Dothen, Gedau and Schwengels | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Oktyabrsky village soviet. Since 1954 he belonged to the village soviet Tschapajewski and since 1963 (?) To the village soviet Kornewski. The place was abandoned before 1975. |
| Kornewo (Корнево) | Tin | Administrative headquarters |
| Kossatuchino (Косатухино) | Bars | The place was renamed in 1950 and initially belonged to the village soviet Zwetkowski in Kaliningrad Raion . Since 1959 (?) In the Kornewski village soviet. |
| Lesnaya (Лесная) | Hollstädt | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Lesnoi (Лесной) | Cheek nod | The time of the renaming and the initial classification into a village soviet is unknown. The place was probably connected to the place Medowoje before 1975 |
| Medowoje (Медовое) | Nodding and tykri stretching | The place was renamed in 1950 and initially belonged to the village soviet Zwetkowski in Kaliningrad Raion. Since 1959 (?) In the Kornewski village soviet. |
| Mikhailovskoye (Михайловское) | Maraunen and Nonnenhausen | The place was renamed in 1947 and initially belonged to the Oktyabrsky village soviet. Since 1954 he belonged to the village soviet Tschapajewski and since 1963 (?) To the village soviet Kornewski. The place was abandoned before 1988. |
| Michurino (Мичурино) | Klaussitten and Korschellen | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
| Nizhneye (Нижнее) | Should corners | The place was renamed in 1950 and initially belonged to the village soviet Zwetkowski in Kaliningrad Raion. Located in the Kornewski village soviet since 1959 (?), It was attached to the village of Kosatuchino before 1975. |
| Okhotnoye (Охотное) | Bombs | The place was renamed in 1950 and initially belonged to the Oktyabrsky village soviet. Since 1954 he belonged to the village soviet Tschapajewski and since 1963 (?) To the village soviet Kornewski. The place was abandoned before 1975. |
| Usornoe (Узорное) | Jacknitz | The place was renamed in 1950 and abandoned before 1975. |
The four places renamed in 1950 Poretschje (Ober Ecker), Priwolnoje (Plössen), Puschkino (Wesselshöfen) and Skworzowo (Dosen) were initially classified in the Kornewski selski Sowet, but then (before 1975) came to the Pogranitschny selski Sowet.
The two other places Kwischen (Kuyschen / Kuschen) and Sowetski (Sand [Vw.]) Are also shown on maps from the 1970s and 1980s . They have not yet been found in official registers.
Population development
- until 1945
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1802 | 1,441 | |
| 1810 | 1,224 | |
| 1816 | 1,587 | including 1,505 Evangelicals, twelve Catholics and 70 Jews |
| 1821 | 1,746 | |
| 1831 | 2,069 | |
| 1858 | 2,972 | 2,903 of them Protestants, eight Catholics, two other Christians, one Mennonite and 58 Jews |
| 1864 | 3,349 | on December 3rd |
| 1875 | 3,201 | |
| 1880 | 3.226 | |
| 1890 | 3,360 | 58 Catholics and 55 Jews |
| 1910 | 3,382 | |
| 1933 | 3,955 | |
| 1939 | 5,801 |
- since 1945
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 2002 | 1,870 | |
| 2010 | 1.912 |
church
Parish
Zinten was a parish village and parish seat of a parish already in pre-Reformation times . Until 1945, the then 5,840 parishioners belonged to the church district Heiligenbeil (today Russian: Mamonowo) in the church province of East Prussia of the Protestant Church of the Old Prussian Union . 43 villages belonged to the parish of Zinten (* = school location), in which two pastors worked:
- Albenlauck
- Old Legden
- Amalienwalde
- Bombs (today in Russian:
Alexandrowskoje) - Bombitten * (Okhotnoye)
- Bold ones
- Doze * (Skworzowo)
- Domlitten
- Dothen (Donskoje)
- Mirkwood
- Ernstfelde
- Gedau (Donskoje)
- Green linden tree
- Jäcknitz (Usornoje)
- Kelm germ
- Klaussitten (Michurino)
- Klein Klingbeck
- Korschellen
- Kukhnen
- Kumgarben
- Kupgall
- Cuddling
- Langendorf
- Clay bold
- Like
- Maraunen * (Mikhailovskoye)
- Nausseden
- Nemritten *
- New Legden
- Nonnenhausen
(Michailowskoje) - Ober Ecker (Poretschje)
- Otten
- Palm jug *
- Plössen * (Privolnoje)
- (Köllmisch / Royal) Pohren
- Prussian grove
- Robitten (Alexandrowskoje,
until 1994 Robity) - Roses
- Schwengels (Donskoje)
- Sperwien
- Under Ecker
- Wesselshöfen * (Pushkino)
- For what
- Woyditten *
- Zinten * (Kornewo)
Pastor
From the Reformation to the expulsion in 1945, Zinten officiated as Protestant clergy:
- Gregorius Kempe, from 1524
- Valentin Hayn, until 1535
- George Baumgart, 1535-1549
- Valentin Schulz, 1550–1596
- Martin Schmulck, until 1568
- Marcus Schwilling, 1568-1572
- Jacob Grening, 1590-1627
- Martin Forqver, 1598-1600
- Simon Kranich, 1600–1613
- Friedrich Martini, 1613
- George Kretschmer, 1614-1640
- Stephan Cimdarsus, 1627-1641
- Daniel Putzius, 1640–1656
- Daniel Martini, 1641-1662
- Johann Caspar Sack, 1656-1680
- August Mauritius, 1662–1685
- Andreas Meier, 1681-1735
- Georg Friedrich Möser, 1686–1700
- Gottfried Zahn, 1700–1740
- Andreas Theodor Meier, 1718–1762
- Gottlieb Richter, 1740–1755
- Carl Friedrich Burow, 1755–1794
- Andreas Gotthard Meier, 1762–1803
- Ernst August Friesen, 1769–1774
- Carl Friedrich Holstein, 1775-1815
- Ernst Christ. Wohlfromm, 1804-1826
- Christian Leopold Stuber, 1815–1828
- Wilhelm Eduard Reichel, 1826-1860
- Friedrich Wilhelm Rauschke, 1829–1839
- Wilhelm Otto Glogau, 1830–1832
- Leopold Eduard Grohnert, 1832–1834
- Julius Otto Steinwender, 1834–1844
- Julius Carl W. Lube, 1840-1846
- Johann Friedrich Schröder, 1847–1853
- August Moritz Hitzigrath, 1850–1853
- Karl Nietzki , 1854–1884
- Arthur Erasmus, 1879–1881
- Heinrich Max A. Buttgereit, 1881–1883
- Oskar Paul Rahn, 1884
- Friedrich Emil Wilhelm Kühn, 1884–1897
- Paul Ostermeier, 1884–1886
- Arthur Georg Hempler, 1887–1922
- Leopold Krösle, 1897
- Emil Rud. W. Rousselle, 1898-1923
- Leo Grunau, 1922–1934
- Rudolf Erich Sack , 1923–1926
- Gottfried HJ Podlech, 1927–1932
- Kurt von Grot, 1932–1945
- Heinz Gerstmann, 1934–1945
Sons of the place
- Johannes Walteri von Sinten († 1397), Archbishop of Riga, titular patriarch of Alexandria
- Valentin Thilo the Elder (1579–1620), Lutheran theologian and hymn poet
- Heinrich Hitzigrath (1855–1925), Realschuldirektor in Hamburg
- Albertine Assor (1863–1953), founder of the Baptist Albertinen Diakoniewerk Hamburg
- Siegfried Galliner (1875–1960), German rabbi
- Emil Wölk (1903–1944), engine fitter, communist resistance fighter against National Socialism
See also
literature
- Daniel Heinrich Arnoldt : Brief messages from all preachers who have admitted to the Lutheran churches in East Prussia since the Reformation . Königsberg 1777, pp. 205-208.
- August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, pp. 518-519, paragraph 120.
- Friedwald Moeller : Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformatuion to the expulsion in 1945 . Hamburg 1968.
- Siegfried Dreher (district community Heiligenbeil): Zinten - on old views . Rautenberg, Leer 2003.
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ Robitten, however, was in the Polish part
- ↑ In the official Kaliningrad place directory of 1976, however, he is referred to as belonging to the village soviet Pogranitschny , which seems unlikely when looking at the maps
- ↑ This concerned the Vorwerk for Gut Tykrigehnen (Sollnicken municipality in the Preußisch-Eylau district); not to be confused with the community Wangnicken, district Heiligenbeil
- ↑ as Michailowka referred
- ^ A b Member of the Masovia Corps
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ a b c The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 июня 1947 г. "Об образовании сельских советов, городов и рабочих поселков в Калининградской области" (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 17 June 1947: On the formation of Village soviets, cities and workers' settlements in Kaliningrad Oblast)
- ↑ a b c d Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 5: T – Z , Halle 1823, pp. 418–419, item 849.
- ^ August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, pp. 518-519, paragraph 120.
- ↑ Adolf Schlott: Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Königsberg, based on official sources . Hartung, Königsberg 1861, p. 108, item 306.
- ^ Prussian Ministry of Finance: The results of the property and trade tax assessment in the Königsberg administrative region : Berlin 1966, Heiligenbeil district, p. 34, item 220.
- ↑ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Heiligenbeil district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b census data