Strongly scented stink deaf

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Strongly scented stink deaf
Russula fragrantissima.jpg

Strong-smelling stink-deaf ( Russula fragrantissima )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Russulales (Russulales)
Family : Deaf relatives (Russulaceae)
Genre : Russulas ( Russula )
Type : Strongly scented stink deaf
Scientific name
Russula fragrantissima
Romagn.

The strongly scented stink deaf or anise deaf ( Russula fragrantissima syn. R. laurocerasi var. Fragrantissima ) is a fungus from the family of the deaf relatives (Russulaceae). Like the other species of the subsection Foetentinae, it has a brown hat with a clearly grooved edge. However, it differs from all similar species by the intense smell of anise .

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is somewhat paler in color like that of the stink-deaf ( R. foetens ) or the almond-deaf ( R. grata ). It can be bright ocher-yellow, with age more yellow-brown-brown, sometimes reddish or even almost purple-brown in color. It reaches a diameter between 7 and 14 centimeters and is therefore larger than the almond-peeling. Sometimes it has a noticeably short-humped edge.

The lamellas that have grown on the stem are rather crowded and are often forked near the stem. They are quite broad and initially whitish to cream-colored or yellowish in color. They then turn blackish brown from the edge and are then even reminiscent of the Morse blubber.

The stem is 7–15 cm long and 1.5–6 cm thick and becomes more or less hollow with age. It is whitish at first and then turns brownish to yellowish, at the base of the stem also dirty reddish.

The meat tastes a bit unpleasantly pungent and in the lamellae also clearly spicy. The typical strong aniseed smell is retained even after several days of storage.

Microscopic features

Spores of the strongly scented stink deafblings

The spores are almost round and between 6 and 9 (10) micrometers in diameter. On the surface there are warts or rough spines up to 1–1.6 µm high, which are partly isolated and partly connected by fine to rough anastomoses that form a partial or almost complete network. The pleurocystids are quite common and can be stained with sulfovanillin.

The hyphae of the hat skin ( Pileipellis ) are embedded in a gelatinous matrix. The Pileocystiden are club-shaped to spindle-shaped, refractive in KOH and colored yellow ocher. They too usually stain with sulfovanillin.

Species delimitation

The somewhat slimmer almond-deaf ( R. grata ), which also smells strongly of bitter almond oil, is similar. However, the smell disappears with it when drying, while it increases with the strong smelling stink-deaf. Often, however, the two can only be clearly distinguished under the microscope using the spore ornamentation.

It can also be confused with the stink-deaf ( R. foetens ), which however has a sweetish, disgusting, oily odor.

ecology

The strong-smelling stink-deaf can be found in hornbeam-beech and spruce-fir forests. There it colonizes shallow to medium-sized, acidic, fresh to moderately dry tendrils , brown soils and immature podsols , which are poor in bases and nutrients and loosely gritty and sandy. They are mostly formed from colored and Keuper sandstone .

The strong-smelling stink- deaf fungus is a mycorrhizal fungus that forms a symbiosis with deciduous trees such as red beeches and oaks , as well as conifers such as spruce . The fruiting bodies are formed from August to early October.

distribution

European countries with evidence of finding of the strong smelling stink pigeon.
Legend:
  • Countries with found reports
  • Countries without evidence
  • no data
  • non-European countries

    • The strong-smelling stink-deaf is common in North America (USA), in Europe and in North Africa (Morocco). In Europe, the area extends from the Hebrides , France and Spain in the west via the DA-CH countries to Denmark and south to Italy. However, it is very rare everywhere.

    In Germany it was found sporadically in the southern part, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. To date, only one find has been made north of the 51st parallel in Westphalia .

    meaning

    The strong smelling stink deafbling is inedible.

    literature

    • Alfred Einhellinger: The genus Russula in Bavaria . In: Bibliotheca Mycologica . 3. Edition. tape 112 . Berlin / Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 978-3-443-59056-7 , pp. 84 .
    • Roger Phillips: Russula fragrantissima. In: rogersmushrooms.com. RogersMushrooms website, 2011, accessed May 15, 2011 .

    supporting documents

    1. ↑ a b c Russula fragrantissima (MushroomExpert.Com). In: mushroomexpert.com. 2009, accessed May 15, 2011 .
    2. ↑ a b c d e f German Josef Krieglsteiner (ed.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 , p. 534.
    3. ↑ a b Russula fragrantissima in the PILZOEK database. In: pilzoek.de. Retrieved August 19, 2011 .
    4. ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Russula fragrantissima. Retrieved on June 9, 2012 (Täubling very rare :).
    5. ↑ Worldwide distribution of Russula fragrantissima. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved August 19, 2011 .
    6. ↑ NMV Verspreidingsatlas online: Russula fragrantissima. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved September 12, 2012 .
    7. ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved September 12, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wsl.ch

    Web links

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