Munich tram series S
| Munich tram series S (Variobahn) |
|
|---|---|
 Car 2302 of the Munich tram in depot 2
|
|
| Numbering: | 2301-2304 2311-2320 |
| Number: | 14th |
| Manufacturer: | Stadler Rail |
| Year of construction (s): | 2008-2011 |
| Axis formula : | Bo '+ 2' + Bo ' |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length: | 33,940 mm |
| Height: | 3,580 mm |
| Width: | 2,300 mm |
| Smallest bef. Radius: | 14.5 m |
| Empty mass: | 40.0 t |
| Top speed: | 60 km / h |
| Hourly output : | 360 kW |
| Wheel diameter: | 650 mm |
| Power system : | 750 V = |
| Power transmission: | Overhead line (+ accumulator railcar 2301) |
| Number of traction motors: | 8th |
| Seats: | 75 |
| Standing room: | 146 (4 people / m²) |
| Floor height: | 300 mm (entry height) 350–360 mm (floor height) |
| Low floor: | 100% |
As S series , the 15 is. Railcar generation of the Munich tram . The Variobahn vehicles were built by Stadler Rail in Berlin and are operated by the Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft (MVG). The five-section articulated wagons are 33.94 long m. The first delivered S-car with the road number 2301 arrived in Munich on 19. March 2009 first used for a press trip. The series S currently runs (as of December 2015) on the tram lines 19 as well as 20 , 21 , 22 and the line 17th
A total of 14 trams were manufactured between 2008 and 2011. The vehicles are each designed for 221 passengers. The maximum speed is 60 km / h. Due to chassis problems a short time after delivery, no further Variobahn wagons were bought. Instead, the MVG ordered vehicles of the Siemens Avenio type , as a series T were incorporated.
history
In order to be able to park the last three trains of the P / p series , MVG and VAG Nürnberg planned to buy more trains of the GTxN types. However, since Bombardier had stopped this production and the price would have been higher than the newer models, MVG ordered three Variobahn trains in a joint purchase with VAG in October 2005. Shortly afterwards, another Variobahn was ordered to replace an R-car that had been badly damaged by a construction crane, and another 18 cars were made available as an option. To meet the increased demand, among other things through the newly established line 23 , the MVG ordered on 2. September 2008 another ten vehicles of the type, so that the order ultimately comprised 14 vehicles. The total cost was around 40 Million euros, whereby the purchase of a tram is 3 Million euros.
The first car with the serial number 2301 was presented to the public in September 2008 at the InnoTrans in Berlin. March 2009 to the depot 2 in Einsteinstrasse. Eight days later, the vehicle was presented to the Munich press and completed its first drive. Immediately before the maiden voyage, the tram was in the depot 2 presented to the press by Munich's Lord Mayor Christian Ude and MVG boss Herbert König. In the same year three more cars were completed and delivered. They have the numbers 2302 to 2304. Together with the 2301 tram, they form the S sub-series 1.4. All four trains received only a provisional approval, since, among other things, there was no arithmetic proof and expert confirmation that the trams would comply with the clearance gauge. The supervisory authority also issued the condition that an encounter between the Variobahn and the P-car is only permitted when one of the vehicles is stationary. In December 2008, the wagons were taken into service for the timetable change and only drove on the lines 20 and 21, later also on the 19 line. Abruptly withdrawn in July 2010 by the Technical Supervisory Authority of Upper Bavaria due to problems with the chassis, so that the trains could no longer be used in regular service until December 2011. Since 11. December 2011 drove the car again with a provisional operating license. The delivery of the other cars was scheduled for mid to late 2011, but was not completed until spring 2012. These are called S 1.5 and bear the numbers 2311 to 2320. They also run on the lines 19, 20, 21, as well as on the new line set up in December 2012 22 and replace older vehicles on these routes that can now be used on other routes.
At the end of March 2012, the MVG announced that serial damage to the wheels of nine cars had occurred: the rubber bodies between the tire and wheel disc showed cracks after a few weeks of use and had to be replaced. Rubber-sprung wheels should be used for noise protection, to reduce maintenance costs, to reduce wheel and rail wear, as well as to reduce impacts and to reduce unsprung moving masses. A report names errors in the composition and manufacture of the rubber elements as the cause. Two other companies that also use Variobahn wagons had to struggle with the same problems. The for the 1. As a result, the final approval planned for April 2012 was not granted. Stadler Rail, which retains ownership of the trains until they are finally approved, should have rectified the defects; However, due to a lack of its own resources, the manufacturer had commissioned MVG to carry out the complex repair itself. In order to keep the tram traffic in rhythm, the planned conversion of the trains of the previous R 2.2 , as these had to be used as a replacement for the S trains. In addition, there were considerations to borrow tram cars from other companies in the meantime. After MVG procured the spare parts and started replacing them, the transport company later returned the vehicles to Stadler Rail, as MVG needed workshop capacity for other vehicles. The rubber parts were finally replaced in summer 2012. The provisional approval, which was granted on 31. August 2012 ended, was extended by the technical supervisory authority for another nine months. During this time, it should be ensured that the renewals will prove themselves in the long term. After software changes to the doors and air conditioning, the final approval of the Munich Variobahn was granted from 31. May to the 30th September 2013 postponed. On this date, the Variobahn was approved for an unlimited period. The vehicles could already be used on lines 19, 20 , 21 and 22 for regular services; meanwhile, however, the admission was on the lines 19 and 22 limited. On the 10th May 2016, the railways received approval for the lines 17, 27 and 28.
Due to the chassis deficiencies, MVG had problems with creating the timetable for 2013. These were countered with a transitional timetable, which, depending on vehicle availability, provides for individual amplifier trips to be carried out during rush hour . If the Variobahn fleet fails again, buses must replace the missing trams. In addition, Variobahn wagons have been on the newly opened line since the timetable change 22 used.
The MVG decided against its option for eight more trains of the S series and instead gave on 28. September 2012 announced that it had ordered eight Siemens Avenio trains . The Siemens vehicles were called a series T incorporated into the vehicle fleet.
On December 12, 2014, the trains suffered another series damage. During maintenance work, cracks were discovered on the underside of the car bodies on seven Vario tracks, which were then taken out of service. The other six trains approved for passenger operation showed no abnormalities; However, the MVG decided to review these at shorter intervals. The TAB arranged for the 7th January 2015 that the vehicles that have not yet been affected by the damage must be taken out of service. The deficiencies could be remedied by May of the same year. Since then, the vehicles have been in regular service again.
technology
The S series are articulated railcars of the Variobahn type . The vehicle is a way vehicle designed and has five vehicle segments, so-called modules. The trolleys are mounted under the first, third and fifth modules, with the front and rear trolleys being driven. The middle chassis, on the other hand, has two running axles. The second and fourth modules are designed as litters and are carried by the other modules. The carriages are driven without a gearbox by means of water-cooled wheel hub motors that are installed in the first and third undercarriages. With an entry height of 300 mm and a floor that is arched over the wheels and there a height of 350 mm or 360 mm, the trains are complete low-floor cars with an aisle width of 520 mm. The series S is equipped with both electric and spring-loaded brakes. A Munich Variobahn can have a maximum of 60 km / h and is electronically regulated to that speed before higher speeds are reached. The shell is made of stainless steel ; the blue outer cladding is applied using adhesive technology. The MVG itself assembled the tram series from functional modules so that the desired capacity and safety is achieved. The six electric outward pivoting sliding doors in the first, second, fourth and fifth modules, as well as the seating arrangement for the passengers, are freely designed by the MVG. The vehicles require a minimum curve radius of 14.5 m, with which they could be used on any line. The wheels have a diameter of 650 mm in the new and at least 570 mm when worn.
In the series Depending on the compartment, the seats are arranged in the 2 + 2 compartment form or above the cradles in a 2 + 1 form. The seat frames are made of hard plastic, which are padded with a thin layer of foam and a cover that is supposed to protect against wear and tear of the plastic. All vehicles have been equipped with a lift for wheelchair users on the front door and additional folding ramps on the second door, and each of the compartments, which are designed as sedan chairs, contain two rear-facing and two front-facing monitors. The left monitor is used to display the station, while the other shows the MVG logo with a welcome message or explains the next stop in more detail. While the two monitors in the rear compartment are only available against the direction of travel, only one station display monitor has been installed in the front compartment; There is no stationary tram screen in the middle compartment. The entire vehicle interior is monitored with eight cameras on every tram in the series . A course number board - fold-down boards that show the course of the tram line via numbers - in the driver's cab were retrofitted in 2012. After residents complained about nearby Variobahn routes , the option of installing additional dampers on the wheels of the tram series was examined .
In order to realize the Nordtangente, a tram route that will run through the Englischer Garten without overhead lines, MVG needs trams with an integrated accumulator . To do this, the car with the number 2304 should be sent back to the Stadlerwerke in Berlin to test a 380 kg heavy high-performance battery. However, since railcar 2301 suffered a door damage shortly before, the plans were immediately implemented with this car. This car drove on the test track Hennigsdorf - Velten on 25. May 2011 via 16 km without external power supply, the pantograph was also sealed. The trip was accompanied by an expert and notarized and, after completion, an entry was made in the Guinness Book of Records . This is significantly further than the required distance of one kilometer through the English Garden. However, the maximum service life of the accumulators can only be achieved if the discharge does not exceed 10 to 15 % is.
vehicles
| number | delivered | Installation | particularities |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2301 | March 11, 2009 | March 19, 2009 | Equipped with energy storage as a test |
| 2302 | Jun 15, 2009 | 21 Sep 2009 | |
| 2303 | Nov 26, 2009 | Dec. 4, 2009 | |
| 2304 | Dec 3, 2009 | Dec 2009 | |
| 2311 | Jul 7, 2011 | 2011 | |
| 2312 | Jul 21, 2011 | 2011 | |
| 2313 | Aug 5, 2011 | 2011 | |
| 2314 | Aug 19, 2011 | 2011 | |
| 2315 | Sep 1 2011 | 2011 | |
| 2316 | 22 Sep 2011 | 2011 | |
| 2317 | Oct 12, 2011 | Jan. 2012 | |
| 2318 | Nov 3, 2011 | 2012 | |
| 2319 | 2012 | 2012 | |
| 2320 | May 23, 2012 | 2012 |
Model railway
In January 2009, a 1:87 scale model of the Variobahn ( nominal size H0 ) from the Austrian manufacturer Halling appeared . The model appeared both motorized and as a standing model.
Remarks
- ↑ a b Stadler Rail states the floor height of the S series is 350 mm ( source ( Memento from July 23, 2013 in the Internet Archive ); PDF; 503 kB). In addition to the 350 mm (), the MVG specifies the number 360 mm ( source ) as the floor height.
literature
- Martin Pabst: The Munich tram: history, lines, vehicles . GeraMond, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-86245-104-3 , p. 113-114 .
Web links
- "Variobahn low-floor tram for Stadtwerke München GmbH" at stadlerrail.com (PDF; 503 kB)
- Technical data for the “Variobahn” type S tram at mvg.de.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c MVG: Presentation of the Variobahn Munich . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. March 19, 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ↑ Martin Pabst: The Munich Tram: History, Lines, Vehicles . 2010, ISBN 978-3-86245-104-3 , pp. 113 .
- ↑ Munich . In: strassenbahn-online.de . Tram online. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
- ↑ a b c References Variobahn> SWM Germany . In: stadlerrail.com/de . Stadler Rail. Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2012.
- ↑ a b c S 1.4 / S 1.5, Tram Munich ( Memento from February 10, 2016 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Johannes Patzig: The Variobahn on the siding . In: Münchner Merkur . 2011 ( article online ).
- ↑ Marco Völklein: New trams are allowed to run . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . 2011 ( article online ).
- ↑ The Variobahn is in Munich! . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. March 11, 2009. Retrieved September 23, 2012.
- ↑ MVG closes Variobahn . In: Roter-renner.de . The red hit. July 16, 2010. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
- ↑ Michael Krische: Supply Offensive and Fallback Levels. Munich: Reinforcement lines, more frequent intervals, additional vehicles . In: Tram magazine . Issue 12, 2012, p. 16-19 .
- ^ A b Peter Schricker: More courses despite a lack of vehicles . In: Tram magazine . Issue 7, 2012, p. 20-21 .
- ↑ Rubber-sprung wheels, Buchumer Verein ( Memento from December 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ MUNICH: Variobahns continue . In: Roter-renner.de . The red hit. August 31, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2012.
- ↑ Julia Lenders: Trams: cracks on the wheels . In: evening newspaper . 2012 ( article online ).
- ↑ a b Variobahnen: Manufacturer cannot yet clarify serial damage; MVG asks Stadler to carry out repairs on its own; Old building trains remain in use for longer, PDF; 60 kB ( Memento from August 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Variobahn: manufacturer exchanges wheels, provisional approval is extended, final security for MVG in spring 2013, PDF 51 kB ( Memento from October 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ The neverending story of the Variobahn . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. May 31, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2012.
- ↑ a b Variobahn approved for an unlimited period ( memento from November 4, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Michael Krische: Supply Offensive and Fallback Levels . In: Tram magazine . Issue 12, 2012, p. 16-19 .
- ↑ New ways for the tram: Tab approves further routes . In: tramreport.de . Tram report. May 10, 2016. Retrieved May 10, 2016.
- ↑ Marco Völklein: Timetable with question marks . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . 2012 ( article online ).
- ↑ Caroline Wörmann: What is changing with the subway, bus and tram . In: Münchner Merkur . 2012 ( article online ).
- ↑ MVV timetable team: fallback concept . In: MVV general timetable . 2013, p. 14 .
- ↑ New tram trains for Munich . In: br.de . Bavaria 1. September 28, 2012. Archived from the original on November 22, 2012. Retrieved on September 29, 2012.
- ↑ Cracks on the car body: there are 7 Vario tracks . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. December 12, 2014. Retrieved December 12, 2014.
- ↑ Variobahn: All S-cars out of service . In: tramreport.de . Tram report. January 7, 2015. Accessed January 7, 2015.
- ↑ After serial damage: all Variobahns repaired . In: tramreport.de . Tram report. May 19, 2015. Retrieved June 25, 2015.
- ↑ source; PDF; 4.5 MB ( Memento from October 31, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Variobahn low-floor tram for Stadtwerke München GmbH (SWM) ( Memento from January 19, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ "Variobahn" type S tram . In: mvg-mobil.de/ . Munich transport company. Retrieved January 8, 2013.
- ^ Stadtwerke München GmbH (SWM) . In: strassenbahn-europa.at . Tram Europe. Retrieved September 29, 2012.
- ↑ Variobahns receive course display, tram stories ( memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Nothing but trouble with the Variobahn . In: br.de . Bavarian radio . April 2, 2013. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved on April 19, 2013.
- ↑ a b c S articulated railcar . In: strassenbahn-muenchen.de . Munich tram. 2012. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
- ↑ News about the Variobahn . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. May 6, 2010. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
- ↑ Munich. Record: 16 kilometers only with battery power . In: Tram magazine . Issue 7, 2011, pp. 8 .
- ↑ Arnd Werther: Munich Variobahn creates a record. In: https://www.bahninfo.de/ . May 26, 2011. Retrieved August 28, 2018 .
- ^ Second Variobahn in Munich . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. June 16, 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ↑ Driving school use of the Variobahn . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. October 28, 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ↑ Munich's third Variobahn has been delivered . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. November 26, 2009. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ↑ Variobahn 2304 has arrived in Munich . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. October 28, 2012. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ↑ Munich . In: strassenbahn-online.de . tram online. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
- ↑ Variobahn 2311 delivered in Munich . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. July 8, 2011. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ↑ a b c d e f g Variobahn: Two weeks back on track . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. December 30, 2011. Retrieved October 28, 2012.
- ↑ Car 2312 arrived in Munich, tram stories ( memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Variobahn 2313 arrived in Munich, = tram stories ( Memento from September 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Delivery of 2314, tram stories ( Memento from September 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Variobahn 2315 is in Munich, Tramgeschichten ( Memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ The comeback of the Variobahn . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. September 24, 2011. Retrieved October 8, 2012.
- ↑ Wagen 2317 in Munich, Tramgeschichten ( Memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Driving school: Variobahn in action . In: tramgeschichten.de . Tram stories. January 11, 2012. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
- ↑ Car 2018 in Munich . In: eisenbahnforum.de . November 3, 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
- ↑ Michael Krische: Munich: New route, new network, new railways . In: Eisenbahnwelt . tape 02 , 2012, p. 16 ( article online ).
- ↑ Variobahn 2320 reaches Munich's track network, tram stories ( memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Variobahn as an H0 model . In: tramgeschichten.de . November 2, 2008. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
