Arad tram
 |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Basic information | |
| Country | Romania |
| city | Arad |
| opening | October 24, 1869 |
| electrification | 1944 |
| operator | CTP Arad |
| Infrastructure | |
| Route length | 48 km |
| Gauge | 1000 mm ( meter gauge ) |
| Power system | 750 volt DC overhead line |
| Stops | 64 |
| Depots | 2 (UTA and Micălaca) |
| business | |
| Lines | 16 |
| Line length | 100.17 km |
| Cruising speed | 25 km / h |
| vehicles | 138 |
| Top speed | 60 km / h or 30 km / h (non-renewed sections) |
 |
|
The Arad tram is the tram system of the Romanian city of Arad and represents the backbone of local public transport . The meter-gauge network is 48 kilometers long and is served by 16 lines. Of these, eleven are city lines and five are overland lines , their cumulative length is 100.17 kilometers. The responsible transport company is the public company Compania de Transport Public Arad , or CTP Arad for short . This company is also responsible for city bus transport.
history
Standard gauge time
The history of local transport in Arad began on July 6, 1869, when the later operating company Arader Straßenbahn- und Ziegeleifabrics-Actiengesellschaft received the concession to build a standard-gauge horse -drawn tram . The private company was able to open the railway on October 24, 1869, when the city was still part of the Kingdom of Hungary . It was also used for freight traffic and headed south from the station. The terminus was about the bridge over the Mureș, known today as Podul Traian . Starting in 1873, a second route led from the train station in a westerly direction following today's Calea Aurel Vlaicu to the local brickworks in the Gai district. Their terminus was in front of the level crossing with the state railway, corresponding to today's Făt Frumos stop.
The two routes were served by three lines on which together up to 19 cars were in use. In 1913 the city took over the business itself. In the same year, this stopped the southern route in order to avoid competition with a bus and coach line that had been running in parallel since 1908 . The remaining line to the west, however, was modernized, and from 1914 steam tram locomotives and combustion railcars with gasoline engines ran on it . The goods wagons of the Hungarian state railway Magyar Államvasutak (MÁV) could henceforth be delivered or picked up directly to private sidings of various companies. When the army confiscated the city buses during World War I , operations on the southern route were also resumed in 1914. Horse trams ran there again. Finally, in 1929, all tram traffic was switched to buses.
Meter gauge time
The omnibuses ran until the Second World War , when they were again drafted by the military. In return, the city received 14 meter-gauge railcars that were captured by the Romanian army in Odessa and as a result reactivated the southern route between the train station and the town hall on Piața Avram Iancu at the beginning of 1944 , which was henceforth meter-gauge and electrified. The western line was also put back into operation at the beginning of 1944, it was still standard gauge and was served by reactivated steam and gasoline railcars. The changed course of the front ended this emergency operation as early as autumn 1944, and the meter-gauge cars had to be returned to Odessa.
It was not until November 29, 1946 that the electric tram could start operating again with two new cars. They were built by the local company Astra Automobil- und Waggonfabrik , then trading under the name of Gheorghe Dimitrov . In the following years, the tram system was further expanded, so that in 1950 on a route network of 11.18 kilometers in length with twelve cars that covered 521,000 kilometers, 6.82 million passengers were carried.
During the socialist era, the network was expanded in all directions, and from 1978 onwards, part of the meter-gauge and electrified local line Arad – Podgoria was integrated into the city's tram network. This has operated since 1906 and had a connection to the tram at Piața Podgoria. On January 1, 1983, the management of the former local railway was finally transferred from the state railway to the then Intreprinderea Judeteanã de Transport Local Arad ( IJTL Arad ). The local railway lines that had not been converted were closed in 1991.
Network development
The individual route sections of today's tram network went into operation as follows:
- 1944: Gara CFR - Primărie
- 1948: Primărie - Gara Aradul Nou
- 1949: Gara CFR - Făt Frumos
- 1959: Făt Frumos - Piața Gai
- 1973: Piața UTA - Căpitan Ignat
- 1978: Piața Podgoria - Vama Micălaca (conversion of the local railway line)
- 1983: Vama Micălaca - DN 7 (conversion of the local railway line)
- 1983: DN 7 - Combinatul Chimic
- 1983: Căpitan Ignat - Piața Romană
- 1984: DN 7 - Ghioroc (conversion of the local railway line)
- 1986: Piața Podgoria - CET
- 1987: Uzina Electrică - Billa
- 2004: Băile Termale - Platforma Vest
- 2004: Renasterii - Billa
Lines
In operation
-
Făt Frumos - Piața Romană
-
Platforma Vest - Făt Frumos ( Dashed line ) -
Făt Frumos - Gara Aradul Nou
-
Piața Gai - Piața Romană
-
Făt Frumos - Uzina Electrică
-
Făt Frumos - Vladimirescu II
-
Piața Romană - Combinatul Chimic
-
Făt Frumos - Ghioroc
-
Piața Romană - Ghioroc
-
Combinatul Chimic - Ghioroc
-
Făt Frumos - Piața Sârbească - Piața Romană - Billa - Renașterii - Piața Podgoria - Piața Romană - Făt Frumos (dashed line)
Not currently in use
Due to construction work, the following lines are currently being operated by rail replacement services:
-
Făt Frumos - Sere Grădişte
-
Făt Frumos - CET (dashed line) -
Piața Romană - Sere Grădişte
-
Piața Romană - CET (dashed line)
vehicles
The Arad tram fleet consists of a few new T4Rs from the Czechoslovak manufacturer Tatra , which were newly purchased at the time, and mainly consists of German and Austrian used cars of the following types:
- Duewag standard car GT6, formerly Verkehrsbetriebe Ludwigshafen , Tram Mainz , Tram Mülheim , Tram Würzburg , Tram Bochum / Gelsenkirchen , Tram Innsbruck , Rhein-Haardtbahn and Upper Rhine Railway
- Lohner Gt6, formerly the Innsbruck tram
- Duewag GT8 standard car, formerly Essen tram and Innsbruck tram
- Duewag standard car B4 (sidecar), formerly the Mülheim tram and the Upper Rhine Railway
- GB6 Duewag standard car (sidecar), formerly Rhein-Haardtbahn
- Duewag light rail car M8S , formerly Essen tram
- Maschinenfabrik Esslingen GT4 , formerly Stuttgart trams and trams Ulm
- Tatra-T4D / B4D, formerly Halle (Saale) tram
Local Timiș 2 open-plan trains have not been in use since 2008. 2014 and 2015 Arad also received six low-floor cars of the type Imperio of Astra Automobile & Waggon Factory with electrical equipment from Siemens , which are the first barrier-free vehicles in the city.
literature
- A. Günther, S. Tarkhov, C. Blank: Tram atlas Romania 2004 . Working group Blickpunkt Straßenbahn e. V., Berlin 2004, ISBN 3-926524-23-5 .
Web links
- CTP Arad (ro)
- Page with pictures of the Arad tram (s)
- Photo gallery about the Arad tram (en)
- Image gallery of the public transport vehicle fleet in Romania (ro, en, it, fr, hu, de)
- Pictures of the tram in Arad (de, en)
