Sunsha (Terek)
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Sunsha Sunza |
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 Course of the Sunsha (Сунжа) in the catchment area of the Terek |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 07020001112108200005420 | |
| location | North Ossetia-Alania , Ingushetia , Chechnya ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Terek | |
| Drain over | Terek → Caspian Sea | |
| source | 20 km southeast of Vladikavkaz 42 ° 56 ′ 21 ″ N , 44 ° 55 ′ 8 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 1200 m | |
| muzzle | in the Terek 10 km north of Gudermes Coordinates: 43 ° 26 '27 " N , 46 ° 8' 5" E 43 ° 26 '27 " N , 46 ° 8' 5" E |
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| Mouth height | approx. 25 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 1175 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 4.2 ‰ | |
| length | 278 km | |
| Catchment area | 12,200 km² | |
| Outflow location: 8 km above the mouth |
MQ |
85.4 m³ / s |
| Right tributaries | Assa , Martan , Argun | |
| Big cities | Grozny | |
| Medium-sized cities | Nazran , Karabulak , Sunsha (Ingushetia) , Gudermes | |
| Small towns | Magas | |
| Communities | Sunsha (North Ossetia-Alania) , Ekaschewo , Troitskaya | |
| Navigable | not navigable | |
The Sunscha ( Russian Сунжа , Ingush Шолжа-хий , Ossetian Сунжӕ , Chechen Соьлжа ) is a 278 km long right tributary of the Terek on the northern edge of the Greater Caucasus in Russia .
course
The Sunscha rises at an altitude of about 1200 m in the densely forested peripheral mountains of the Caucasus in the border area between the republics of North Ossetia-Alania and Ingushetia . The source is located about 20 km as the crow flies southeast of the North Ossetian capital of Vladikavkaz . The Sunsha initially flows north and soon reaches the territory of Ingushetia. There it turns in an easterly direction, which it mainly maintains until its confluence with the Terek near the village of Braguny, about 10 km north of the town of Gudermes .
In its broad valley, the Sunsha flows through the most densely populated parts of the republics of Ingushetia and Chechnya ; the capitals of the two republics Magas and Grozny , the city of Nazran and a number of other cities and large rural settlements, including the rural settlement of Russia with more than 60,000 inhabitants (as Sunsha since 2016, formerly Stanitsa Ordzhonikidsevskaya ). A number of places were named after the river, next to the town of Sunsha in Ingushetia the village of Sunsha in North Ossetia-Alania; as well as the carrying Rajons Sunschenski in Ingushetia and Sunschenski in Chechnya. The Chechen capital Grozny is also called Sölscha-Ghala (“Sunscha City”) in Chechen .
The most significant tributaries are the Assa , Martan and Argun , all of which flow into the territory of Chechnya from the right.
Hydrology
The catchment area of the river covers 12,200 km². The mean flow rate near the mouth is 85.4 m³ / s. With its relatively high average solids content of 3,800 g / m³, the Sunscha transports 12.2 million tons of solids per year.
Use and infrastructure
The Sunsha is not navigable. Their water is used to a considerable extent to irrigate agricultural areas.
The Beslan - Gudermes railway line and the M29 trunk road from Rostov-on-Don to the Azerbaijani border follow the river's valley between Nazran and Gudermes via Grozny .