Svatý Štěpán
| Svatý Štěpán | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Zlínský kraj | ||||
| District : | Zlín | ||||
| Municipality : | Brumov-Bylnice | ||||
| Area : | 1120 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 3 ' N , 18 ° 2' E | ||||
| Height: | 325 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 391 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 763 34 | ||||
| License plate : | Z | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Brumov-Bylnice - Dubnica nad Váhom | ||||
| Railway connection: | Brno – Vlárský průsmyk | ||||
Svatý Štěpán , 1965–1989 Štěpán nad Vláří (German St. Stephan ) is a district of the city of Brumov-Bylnice in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers south of Brumov-Bylnice and belongs to the Okres Zlín .
geography
Svatý Štěpán is located in the north of the White Carpathians in the area of the CHKO Bílé Karpaty Nature Park. The village extends on the lower reaches of the brook Bukový potok, also Rozklinský potok, at its confluence with the Vlára . The border with Slovakia runs two kilometers south . On the northeastern edge of the village, the state road I / 57 from Brumov-Bylnice Dubnica nad Váhom and the Wlara Railway lead to the Wlara Pass . To the north rise the Grúň (470 m) and Vršky (520 m), in the northeast the Tratihušť (707 m), Pyrtě (638 m) and Okrouhlá (654 m), in the east the Rozklíní and Nadříčí, and southeast the Čaganov (575 m) ), in the south the Jarův vrch (679 m) and Chladný vrch (742 m), southwest of the Javorník (782 m), in the west the Doubrava and in the northwest the Pláňava (598 m). The Wlara Pass is two and a half kilometers southeast.
Neighboring towns are Bylnice, Kouty, Hluboče and Hlubocká Stráň in the north, Petrova Studně and Sidonie in the east, Nadříčí, Vlář and Vlárka in the southeast, Antonstal and Dolná Súča in the south, Krásny Dub, Tarabus, Borotovci and Horná Vestenáča in the south , Salašisko and Žírce in the west and Pláňava, Na Nivě and Štítná nad Vláří in the northwest.
history
The Hungarian Road, an important trade connection between Moravia and Hungary, led across the Wlarapass , but it was also one of the main routes of the Hungarians, Turks and Kurucs to Moravia. In the side valley of the Bukový potok there were only a few strata until the 19th century , the inhabitants of which worked in the stately boardsaw on the Wlara.
In 1815 the owner of the Brumov estate, Count Stephan Illésházy, had the St. Stephan glassworks built in the valley . Illésházy had a workers' colony built for the employees. The glassmakers were German, so that the St. Stephan colony formed a German-speaking island in the Czech-populated area of south-east Moravia. The glassworks was popularly derived from the Stará Huť ( St. Sidonia ) founded by Ileshazy's father, known as Neue Hütte / Nová Huť . Together with the St. Sidonia glassworks, the St. Stephan glassworks were leased to Anton Riss between 1815 and 1840. In 1828 the settlement consisted of ten wooden houses and five brick houses, three of which belonged to the Štítná cadastre and two to the Bylnice cadastre. The glassworks had two furnaces and produced chalk, blackboard and green glass. In 1836 a school was set up in Svatý Štěpán, teaching in Czech and German. Until the middle of the 19th century, Svatý Štěpán was always subject to the Brumov rule.
After the abolition of patrimonial belonged Svatý Štěpán / Sanct Stephan proportion to the communities Bilnice and Štítná in the district administration Uherský Brod . From 1850, the rulers leased the St. Stephan glassworks together with the St. Sidonia-Hütte to Joseph Schreiber . Around 300 people lived in Svatý Štěpán in 1870. At this time, the originally German-speaking population was so assimilated that the Czech language increasingly prevailed among the workers. From 1876 both glassworks were run by Schreiber's nephews Emanuel and Max Göpfert, who ceased production in St. Stephan in 1884 and two years later in St. Sidonia. In 1880 332 people lived in the 39 houses in the village. On October 28, 1888, the last section of the Wlara Railway between Svatý Štěpán and the Wlara Pass was completed, but the trains passed Svatý Štěpán without stopping. The school was expanded in 1890. In 1893, the glassworks resumed operations. Two years later, Vincenz Schreiber took over the glassworks, and in 1897 had a modern gas furnace installed. In 1900 the village consisted of 36 houses and had 321 inhabitants. 125 of them lived in the 17 houses on the Bylnica side and 196 in the 19 houses on the Štítná side. The glassworks had 140 employees. At the beginning of the 20th century, lamp and cylinder glass were mainly produced in St. Stephan. The boom in the glassworks was thrown back in 1907 by a fire. In 1907, workers from the Svatý Štěpán, Svatá Sidonie and Nemšová glassworks jointly founded a social democratic association in the Vlář inn. In 1921 the Bylnica part comprised 27 houses and the Štítnáer 22. Differences between the municipalities of Štítná and Bylnice had already prevented the building of a new school in Svatý Štěpán in 1910 and in 1923 an initiative was founded to form an independent municipality of Svatý Štěpán. In 1930 the village had about 500 inhabitants. As a result of the global economic crisis , Vincenz Schreiber had to file for bankruptcy in 1932. In the course of the subhastation , the municipal savings bank Valašské Klobouky acquired the glassworks and leased it to the Bylnica mayor Julius Černý and the hotelier Josef Rufer, who briefly resumed production between December 1934 and February 1935. The further struggle for survival of the three former Schreiber glass factories Svatý Štěpán, Svatá Sidonie and Nemšová lasted until 1936. After that, the DUTA hollow glass cartel owned by Legiobanka bought the works. She had the facilities pulled down and sold the houses of the colony to the residents. Svatý Štěpán was therefore affected by high unemployment. Some of the last 150 glass workers tried to feed themselves through forest work; others followed an offer from Mohammed Said Jasin to his glass factory in Cairo , but most of them returned from Egypt fairly soon . In 1939 a large sandstone quarry was opened in the upper part of the village.
During the German occupation, a border and customs post was set up in St. Stephan . In 1943 St. Stephan received a railway station. In 1946, a woodworking cooperative was founded in the building of the glassworks. Since 1949 the settlement was assigned to the Okres Valašské Klobouky. In 1950 about 450 people lived in the place. In 1954 Svatý Štěpán broke away from Bylnice and Štítná and formed its own municipality. During the communist rule, the place name was "desecrated" in 1965 and changed to Štěpán nad Vláří . The wooden bridge over the Vlára was replaced by a reinforced concrete structure in 1966–1967. One-class lessons were held in Štěpán until the 1970s, after which a kindergarten was established in the school building. In 1976 Štěpán was incorporated into Brumov-Bylnice . In November 1990, the population decided on the original place name Svatý Štěpán .
Local division
The locations Petrostudně, Rozklíní, Pláňava, and Podloučí belong to Svatý Štěpán.
Attractions
- chapel
- Chladný vrch natural monument, two protected beech forest areas south of the village