Floridsdorf Synagogue

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Memorial plaque in Freytaggasse

The Floridsdorf Synagogue was a synagogue in the 21st Viennese district of Floridsdorf . It was built from 1875 to 1877 as a three-aisled building structure with women's galleries and had 390 seats. Since Floridsdorf until 1904 to Vienna was incorporated, the "Imperial and Royal District main Korneuburg" was responsible. The Floridsdorfer Tempel was initially administered by the Minjan Association , but from 1880 onwards it was administered by the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Floridsdorf. After the incorporation, the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien took over these agendas from 1907.

The synagogue was adjacent to what was then Schindlergasse, which is now called Freytaggasse. The orientation of the main facade towards the east prevented access via the vestibule and so the temple was accessed via a corridor on the courtyard side. After further IKG buildings were erected on the adjacent property, access was via Holzmeistergasse. This also explains why this alley is often given as a location.

history

The planning documents were made by “Joh. Schäffer ”signed. It is assumed that Schäffer was involved as the master builder, but Moses Rosenmann, the last rabbi of the Floridsdorf synagogue, refers to the design by the architect Andreas Streit. Synagogue construction is not mentioned in a biography of Streit, which suggests that he did not recognize the temple as his "work".

Shortly before the November pogrom , the synagogue was handed over to the German Red Cross . However, the requirement to convert the building into a medical station should not be implemented. Instead, it was used as a magazine. During the Battle of Vienna in the spring of 1945, the area around the synagogue was badly hit by aerial bombs. The result was a devastation of the buildings.

As early as 1949, a building application for the rebuilding or new construction of the temple was submitted. However, since a building ban had been imposed, the building permit could not be granted. The closure could be due to the widening of Schindlergasse. In what is now Freytaggasse , a staff dormitory for the Floridsdorf Hospital was built. The new building activity at Holzmeistergasse 12 took place in the period 1982–84.

architecture

Overall, this synagogue is characterized by a certain modesty, which can probably also be explained with the available financial means. For example, no tower structures or other architectural elements were used to increase visual awareness.

Pairs of columns with Corinthian capital were planned on the ground floor according to the longitudinal section; From the gallery ceiling, a special symbolism was used with a spherical ornamentation of the capitals, which ends in the round arches corresponding to the outer windows. The interior was mainly supplied with daylight through this window. It can only be speculated whether a skylight was installed in the ceiling of the central nave for additional lighting of the prayer room.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Andreas Streit. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007.

literature

  • Pierre Genée: Vienna Synagogues 1825–1938 . Löcker, Vienna 1987, ISBN 3-85409-113-3 .
  • Pierre Genée: The synagogue of the suburb of Florisdorf . In: David. Jewish culture magazine . 4, 13, 1992, ZDB -ID 1209593-x , p. 20.
  • Bob Martens , Herbert Peter: The destroyed synagogues of Vienna. Virtual city walks . Mandelbaum Verlag, Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-85476-313-0 .
  • Moses Rosenmann: Materials on the history of the development of the Kultusgemeindebezirkes Wien XXI. (Floridsdorf) . In: The Truth. Austrian weekly for Jewish interests. Publications of the Union of German-Austrian Jews . 39/40, September 26, 1927, ZDB -ID 805046-6 , p. 27.
  • Fritz Schmidt: Virtual reconstruction of the synagogue at Holzmeistergasse 12 in Vienna's 21st district . Diploma thesis TU-Vienna. Vienna 2008.

Web links

Commons : Floridsdorf Synagogue  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 15 ′ 25.2 ″  N , 16 ° 24 ′ 12.3 ″  E