Parish church Stammersdorf

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West view of the Catholic parish church St. Nikolaus in Vienna-Stammersdorf
Parish church Stammersdorf, with a view of Vienna

The Stammersdorf parish church is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Stammersdorf district of the 21st  Viennese district of Floridsdorf . The parish is located in the city Deanery 21 of the Vienna Archdiocese belonging city Vicariate Vienna . It is the holy Nicholas consecrated . The building is a listed building .

Location description

The church is located north of Stammersdorfer Straße in the center of Stammersdorf, a little higher on a foothill of the Bisamberg . The former fortified church is located behind a small forecourt, the cemetery, which was abandoned in 1844, and is connected to the south by Liebleitnergasse with the lenticular village green.

history

Stammersdorf was founded around the end of the 10th century, after the battle on the Lechfeld and the expulsion of the Magyars . The houses of the rural settlement were made of wood, only the castle and church were solid masonry. While the castle no longer exists, the Romanesque church built in the 12th century has largely been preserved. The church was a fortified church, in connection with a castle, a little higher outside the village, on a foothill of the Bisamberg , where wine is traditionally made, i.e. a place of refuge for the population in times of armed conflict. The church tower on the east side had the function of the keep of a castle, a view of the enemy and a last retreat. The solid masonry nave was initially closed with a wooden ceiling, later vaulted, and was destroyed in wars and fire. The Stammersdorf parish is the only Viennese parish north of the Danube that did not emerge from the mother parish of Kagran , but was originally part of the Kleinengersdorf parish . This parish, a removal of the parish Leobendorf was in turn the Vornbach Abbey : (also "monastery Fornbach") in Bavaria incorporated . Stammersdorf is first mentioned in 1429 as a branch church of the parish Kleinengersdorf. Further mentions followed in 1476 and 1543. Due to a shortage of priests, the Vornbach monastery handed over the parish of Kleinengersdorf and thus also the church in Stammersdorf to the Schottenstift in Vienna in 1540 . It can be assumed that at this point in time, Stammersdorf became an independent parish, as Strebersdorf was successfully separated from the parish of Kagran and transferred to the parish of Stammersdorf as early as 1541 . The invasion of the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus in 1484, the second siege of Vienna by the Turks in 1683 and the fire in 1850 caused the church to be destroyed. During the reconstruction, the weakened outer walls were supported with pillars for the barrel vault. Despite further structural changes in the 19th century, the defensive character of the late Romanesque church has been preserved.

architecture

Church exterior

The nave is narrow and tall with transept-like side chapels. The gable roof above is supported by a partially preserved baroque roof structure. The west facade is dominated by a curved gable . The sides of the longship are not structured. Light can penetrate inside the church through lunette windows . On the southern side of the church, two gabled porches are built on, with the western one being groin-vaulted . In the gables above there are two figures of St. Michael and St. Mary in Gothic style from the end of the 19th or beginning of the 20th century.

To the east of the nave, above today's choir, there is a mighty choir tower over an almost square floor plan. The three-storey church tower is supported by buttresses and structured by pilaster strips . There are baroque sound windows on the top floor of the tower . The spire dates from 1800.

To the east of the tower is the late Gothic choir with a polygonal closure, which is now used as a sacristy . Above that there is a hipped roof, which is supported by a Gothic roof structure. The choir wall is broken through by narrow single-lane tracery windows, one of which was later walled up. The outer wall of the choir is closed to the floor by a base and adorned with a coffin cornice.

Three classicist wall epitaphs are built into the south wall of the nave : Friedrich Graf Kinsky († 1794); Francisca Esterhazy († 1801) and Anna Dangl († 1821).

Church interior

Above the five-bay nave there is a cross-shaped lancet vault . The nave is by wall templates with impost divided. on both sides of the easternmost yoke are transept-like side chapels with stab cap barrels. The one-bay western gallery from the second quarter of the 17th century is arched with a stitch cap.

According to the triumphal inscription, the wall paintings were painted by Josef Kastner and his daughters in 1868 . They were created based on the original baroque furnishings with a rich iconographic program. The restoration of the 1930s has a strong impact on the murals. In the vault there are oval pictures and medallions with illusionistic frames and decorations. Since the church is incorporated into the Schottenstift, the wall paintings in the choir have Benedictine approaches. The paintings in the choir show the Annunciation as well as mariological-christological symbols . St. Benedict and St. Scholastica are depicted above the windows . In the nave, the “ Baptism of Jesus ”, the “ Transfiguration of the Lord ”, the “ Pentecost ” and the “Stoning of St. Stephen ” are depicted. The evangelists and the church fathers are depicted in the stitch caps. Prophets and figures from the Old Testament can be seen at the approaches of the vaults . The shield walls in the transept also have murals. The left shows the “women at the grave”, the right the scene “ Noli me tangere ”. Saint Leonhard and Saint Florian are depicted above the arches . The legend of St. Nicholas as well as St. Cecilia and King David are depicted under the organ gallery .

Facility

The furnishings are mixed from the 18th and 19th centuries.

The high altar from the second quarter of the 18th century is a baroque double column retable with an extension. The upper altarpiece shows the Most Holy Trinity in baroque forms. The painting has since been heavily restored. The front image shows a Madonna and comes from the last third of the 18th century. The side figures did not originally belong to the altar and were only added in later years. On the left is a holy emperor from the mid-18th century, possibly representing Henry II . On the left is Saint Leopold from the first quarter of the 18th century. The altar is also decorated with putti . Josephine candlesticks stand on the base .

The side altars are simple, marbled altar tables. Large-format paintings in arched frames hang above it. The altarpiece on the left side altar shows St. Anne teaching reading to St. Mary together with St. Joachim . The picture dates from the second quarter of the 18th century. The right side altar painting from 1655 shows St. Nicholas.

The hanging pulpit from the third quarter of the 18th century bears the symbols of the evangelists in relief on the basket. There is a figure of St. Paul on the cover .

In the niches of the cross arms there are sandstone figures depicting St. Sebastian from the second quarter of the 18th century on the left and St. Joseph from the middle of the 18th century on the right.

On the choir walls are oval pictures. They represent the saints Rosalia from the last third of the 19th century and Rochus from the end of the 18th century. In the nave there are pictures from 1870, completed in segmental arches. These were restored in 1991. On the Gospel page there are two parables ascribed to Karl Drechsler. On the epistle side three scenes from the life of Jesus are depicted, which were painted by Josef Kastner junior. The Stations of the Cross in Gothic frames were created in the second half of the 19th century.

The oval baptismal font of marble was created around the 1780th It bears a neo-baroque group of figures depicting the " baptism of Jesus ".

The baroque doors still have the original fittings. The pews date from around 1900 and the chandeliers are historical.

In the sacristy there is a remarkable neo-Gothic sacristy cabinet.

organ

The pneumatic organ with two manuals and 17 registers was built in 1912 by Orgelbau Breinbauer . The prospectus of the neo-Romanesque case is divided into seven pipe fields. In 1934 the organ work was changed and expanded technically and tonally.

Bells

In the tower hangs a bell from 1540 with reliefs of St. Catherine and a Madonna. It was cast by the bell founder Michael Dobler .

See also

literature

  • Felix Czeike: Vienna District Culture Guide, XXI. Floridsdorf . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1979, ISBN 3-7141-6221-6 , p. 48.
  • DEHIO MANUAL. The art monuments of Austria: Vienna, X. to XIX. and XXI. to XXIII. District, XXI. District residential buildings. Federal Monument Office, Schroll, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-7031-0693-X .
  • Georg Johannes Pauser: The history of the parish and church St. Georg-Kagran . Dissertation, Vienna 1994 ( online version, DOC file )

Web links

Commons : Parish Church Stammersdorf  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Vienna - immovable and archaeological monuments under monument protection. ( Memento from June 26, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) . Federal Monuments Office , as of June 21, 2016 (PDF).
  2. ^ Georg Johannes Pauser: The history of the parish and church St. Georg-Kagran . Dissertation, Vienna 1994 ( online version, DOC file )
  3. ^ Parish Stammersdorf ( Memento from July 2, 2002 in the Internet Archive ) Wolf Mazakarini: History of the parish church Stammersdorf
  4. ↑ Holdings "Orgelbauanstalt Breinbauer" in the Upper Austrian Provincial Archives
  5. ^ Bulletin of the Parish Stammersdorf , December 2006, p. 7.

Coordinates: 48 ° 18 ′ 10.6 "  N , 16 ° 24 ′ 39.7"  E