Tabernaemontanus

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Jacob Theodor Tabernaemontanus

Jacobus Theodorus Tabernaemontanus , actually Jakob Dietrich , Jacob Ditter / Diether or Jacob Theodor (* around 1522 in Bergzabern , † August 1590 in Heidelberg ) was a German doctor and pharmacist and professor of medicine and botany . The name Tabernaemontanus is derived from the Latinized form of the place name Bergzabern ( Tabernae montanae ).

Live and act

Jacob Theodor went to school in Strasbourg and from 1538 worked, among other things, as a herb collector in Weißenburg ( Alsace ). In 1540 he began to study medicine in Padua and later in Montpellier with Guillaume Rondelet . In 1548 he returned to Weißenburg, where he again worked as a herb collector. In 1538, 1548 and 1557 he was recorded as a pharmacist in Weißenburg. In 1549 he met the doctor, botanist and herb book author Hieronymus Bock for the first time , as whose 'Discipel' (student) he referred to himself in 1588 in the preface to his own herb book. He was also in contact with other contemporary botanists such as Otto Brunfels , Adam Lonitzer and Leonhart Fuchs .

1552 he was during a plague - epidemic u. a. on the way from Saarbrücken to Bergzabern and wrote a first book in 1553, Gewisse Practick , which gives advice on treating plague sufferers.

Jacob Theodor, who had already represented Hieronymus Bock as personal physician to Count Philip II of Nassau-Saarbrücken in 1551/52 , was his successor in 1554, but returned to Weißenburg in the same year. From 1561 to 1580 he was personal physician to the Speyer prince-bishop and provost of the Weißenburg monastery, Marquard von Hattstein . On August 26, 1562, he enrolled as Jacobus Theodorus at the University of Heidelberg .

In 1573 he received his doctorate in medicine. Tabernaemontanus, who also worked as the city doctor of Worms, was friends with Johannes Posthius and William Turner .

Honors

Charles Plumier named the genus Tabernaemontana of the plant family of the dog poison plants (Apocynaceae) in his honor . Carl von Linné later took over this name.

The following taxa are named after Tabernaemontanus: Spring cinquefoil Potentilla tabernaemontani and salt pond rush Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani .

Fonts (selection)

  • A new Artzney book. Georg Rabe, Frankfurt am Main 1577 ( digitized ).
  • Neuw water treasure . Frankfurt am Main 1581 ( digitized ).
  • Neuw Kreuterbuch: With beautiful, artificial and lively figures and conterfeytes of all plants of the herbs, roots, flowers, fruit, grain, spices, trees, shrubs and hedges, so in German and Welschen Lands, also theirs in the Promised Land on the mountain Synai, in Hispania, East and West India, or grow in the new world ... with specific description of the same, also their difference, strength and effect ...; Much has been described in this vnd many wonderful art scenes ..., sampled from their useful use: As there are drink, juice, syrup, conseru ... Nicolaus Basseus, Franckfurt am Mayn 1588 (digitized) (digitized) . The other Theyl , Frankfurt 1591 (digitized version )
  • Eicones plantarum, seu stirpium, arborum nempe, fructicum, herbarum, fructuum lignorum ... Bassaeus, Francofurti ad Moenum, 1590 (digitized version )

literature

  • Wolf-Dieter Müller-Jahncke, Ulrike Bofinger: pharmacist, doctor and specialist writer: Jakob Theodor, called Tabernaemontanus (1522-1590, from Bergzabern) . In: Rosarium litterarum. Contributions to the history of pharmacy and science. Festschrift for Peter Dilg on his 65th birthday . Govi, Eschborn 2003, pp. 219-250.
  • Klaus Bergdolt : Jacobus Tabernaemontanus, a doctor and botanist of the early 16th century . In: Würzburg medical history reports . Volume 10, 1992, pp. 201-223.
  • Klaus Bergdolt: Tabernaemontanus, Jakob Theodor. In: Werner E. Gerabek u. a. (Ed.): Encyclopedia of medical history. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1377.
  • Karl Mägdefrau : history of botany . 2nd edition, Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart 1992.
  • Victor Carl: Lexicon of Palatinate personalities . 2nd edition 1998.
  • Ilse Jahn (Ed.): History of Biology 3rd Edition, Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Heidelberg 2000.
  • Ernst Wunschmann:  Theodorus, Jakob . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 37, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, p. 714 f.

Web links

Wikisource: Neuw Kreuterbuch  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Tabernaemontanus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ GND 10413030X
  2. ↑ https://idw-online.de/de/news8674
  3. ↑ cf. Eduard Isphording et al .: Herbs and Flowers: Annotated inventory of botanical books up to 1850 in the library of the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg. 2008, p. 70
  4. ↑ cf. Matriculation p. 29, no. 75 https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/matrikel1554/0008/scroll?sid=c385e8433fdfa15470b8790c86b36f71
  5. ↑ Frank Fürbeth : Bibliography of the German or in the German area published baths of the 15th and 16th centuries. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 13, 1995, pp. 217-252, here: pp. 240-242.
  6. ^ Charles Plumier: Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera . Leiden 1703, p. 18
  7. ^ Carl von Linné: Critica Botanica . Leiden 1737, p. 94
  8. ↑ Carl von Linné: Genera Plantarum . Leiden 1742, p. 95
personal data
SURNAME Tabernaemontanus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jacob Theodor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH around 1522
PLACE OF BIRTH Bad Bergzabern
DATE OF DEATH August 1590
Place of death Heidelberg