Tash Hauli
Tasch Hauli ( German stone courtyard) is a palace in the east of Ichan Qalʼа , the historic old town of Chiwas , a UNESCO World Heritage site . It was built in the first half of the 19th century.
Building
history
Under Khan Alla Kuli , the ruler of the Khiva Khanate , the urban center was relocated to the east of the city at the Palwan-Darwaza city gate between 1830 and 1840 . There the madrasah Alla Kuli Khan , a caravanserai , and the merchant passage Tim were created . Khan Alla Kuli also had a new palace built there, the Tasch Hauli.
The construction of the palace should be carried out emphatically and quickly. So should the builder Usto Tadshi Khan after he turned down answered, the transfer to complete the construction in two years on command Khan Alla Kuli impaled have been. Ultimately, the builder Usto Kanlandar Chivak built the Tasch Hauli over a period of nine years.
Tasch Hauli has been used as a museum since the 20th century .
layout
The exterior of the palace is reminiscent of a fortress with high walls, a crenellated crown , towers and fortified gates. On the other hand, the Palace follows the architectural traditions choresmischer houses and villas ( Hauli ) with their closed courtyards, column Iwanen and loggias .
Tasch Hauli consists of three separate parts. In the north half is the residential complex and harem , in the south-east the parade room for the reception of the Khan's guests - Ischrat Hauli, court of pleasure - and in the south-west the court for other receptions and court hearings - Arz Hauli. In the center of the Ischrat Hauli farm there is a round elevation on which the khan's felt yurt was built, in which distinguished nomadic guests were received. The individual areas of the palace are connected to one another via a labyrinth of unlit corridors and rooms.
The Tasch Haulis decor is outstanding. In the palace, for example, there are intricate ornamental treatments of carved pillars and doors, colorfully patterned ceiling paintings , wall coverings with ceramic tiles with majolica . Parts of the braided and plant ornaments have cartouches in which the name of the master Jinn Abdullah is noted.
harem
The harem of Tash Haulis is separated from the official part by a corridor. He has his own yard. Five main rooms occupy the southern part of the manorial house. These each have an iwan, a living room and an adjoining room. The southeastern apartments were occupied by Khan Alla Kuli. The other four belonged to his legal wives. Concubines , relatives and servants lived in the two-story rooms on the sides of the courtyard . In the yard there was a place for the yurt and a covered well. The harem is conspicuously decorated with decor. The ivans open to the courtyard are decorated with repetitive ornamental patterns. The majolica have the traditional blue color, ceilings are painted with colors in warm red-brown tones. The windows are provided with copper , openwork grilles.
The designed surfaces are considered an "open book". So from are marble decorated stone bases of the pillars with cartridges with verses of the poet Khwarazmian Muhammad Reza Agachi tell (1809-1874) which episodes from the history of the khans of Khiva, decorated. The wooden pillars themselves are also artistic masterpieces, the carvings of which show a wide variety of shapes and ornamental styles . The cylindrical wooden pillars are decorated with plant ornaments and zones with Kor claims and Islamic blessings . In this context, the ornamentation of the pillars on which the roof rests is not just a decoration, but also fulfills a protective function as a kind of spiritual amulet for the house.
literature
- Alexey Arapov: The Historical Monuments of Uzbekistan . Tashkent Samarkand Bukhara Chiva Shahrisabz. SMI-ASIA, Tashkent 2016, ISBN 978-9943-17-075-9 , Chiva, p. 108 to 111 .
Coordinates: 41 ° 22 ′ 41.7 " N , 60 ° 21 ′ 41.4" E