Tillandsia paleacea
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Tillandsia paleacea |
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| C. Presl |
Tillandsia paleacea is a species of the genus of Tillandsien ( Tillandsia ) within the family of the Bromeliaceae (Bromeliaceae). It occurs in arid areas in Bolivia , Colombia and Peru .
Description and ecology
Appearance and leaf
Tillandsia paleacea grows as a perennial herbaceous plant . It often thrives terrestrially, lithophytically or epiphytically in long strands . It is a " gray tillandsia " that thrives in areas with little rainfall and prefers full sun. It is caulescent; So it forms a relatively long stem axis , which can be more or less strongly branched, and is 10 to 70 centimeters long with inflorescence. Often several such trunks stand together. It forms very few roots , which are often only present as long as the plants are young.
The leaves are arranged protruding, alternating and spirally on the stem axes are divided into leaf sheath and leaf blade. The leaves are relatively far apart so that all leaf sheaths and leaf blades are clearly visible. The bald or scaly leaf sheath is broadly ovate or elliptical. The rough, simple and entire leaf blade is usually somewhat twisted and, with a length of about 12 centimeters and a width of 4 to 6 mm, is flat or runny. The leaf blade is densely covered with coarse, silver-gray suction scales.
Inflorescence and flower
A terminal inflorescence is formed a few years after germination. The upright, slender inflorescence stem is sometimes short, but mostly 15 to 20 cm long and glabrous or with little scales. The scaly bracts on the inflorescence stem are the same length or slightly longer than the axis segments between them and are narrow-elliptical with a thread-like upper end. The simple, spiked inflorescence is flattened and with a length of up to 5 centimeters narrow-lanceolate in outline with a pointed upper end. One to twelve flowers are close together in the inflorescence. The two-line, roof-tile-like overlapping cover sheets are initially scaled, but soon balding and with a length of about 1.7 centimeters ovoid to elliptical and not keeled. The furrowed bracts are about three times longer than the sections of the angular inflorescence axes ( rachis ) slightly shorter to slightly longer than the sepals. The flower stalk is very short, so the flowers are almost sessile.
The hermaphrodite flowers are threefold with a double flower envelope . The three free, bare sepals are symmetrical and lanceolate with a length of 1 to 1.7 centimeters. The three free, blue to purple petals are nailed narrowly and have a spread, almost circular plate. The six stamens are shorter than the petals and lie deep in the corolla, but protrude above the pistil. The short and thick style ends in a coral-shaped scar.
Fruit and seeds
In the capsule fruits , which are cylindrical with a length of about 2 centimeters , the flying hairs of the seeds are not folded. The seeds are spread by the wind ( anemochory ).
Occurrence
Distribution areas of Tillandsia paleacea are in the Bolivian Department of La Paz , Colombian Department of Huila and in the Peruvian regions of San Martín , Ancash , Lima , Huancavelica , Apurimac and Cusco . Tillandsia paleacea thrives on rocks, on desert sand or in dry areas on trees at altitudes between 0 and 3000 meters.
Systematics
The first description of Tillandsia paleacea was made in 1827 by carl borivoj presl in Reliquiae Haenkeanae , 1, 2, S. 125. The epithet paleacea means spreuig, covered with scales, this refers to the rough scaly leaves. Synonyms for Tillandsia paleacea C.Presl are: Tillandsia chilensis Baker , Tillandsia favillosa Mez , Tillandsia fusca Baker , Tillandsia lanata Mez , Tillandsia scalarifolia Baker , Tillandsia schenckiana Wittm.
Tillandsia paleacea belongs to the subgenus Phytarrhiza in the genus Tillandsia .
There are two subspecies and one form of the species Tillandsia paleacea :
- Tillandsia paleacea C. Presl subsp. paleacea
- Tillandsia paleacea subsp. apurimacensis W. Till : The first description was by Walter Till in Journal of the Bromeliad Society , Volume 43, 1993: A remarkable new subspecies of Tillandsia paleacea from Southern Peru , pp. 7-10 and Tillandsia paleacea vs. T. marconae , pp. 69-72. It occurs only in the Peruvian Apurimac.
- Tillandsia paleacea subsp. apurimacensis forma disticha W. Till : The first description was made by Walter Till in Journal of the Bromeliad Society , Volume 43, 1993, pp. 7-10 and pp. 69-72. It occurs only in the Peruvian Apurimac.
There is a horticultural hybrid with a different species:
- Tillandsia 'Sweet Isabel': She was bred by Bill Timm. The mother is Tillandsia tectorum and the father Tillandsia paleacea . The plant has a diameter of about 15 centimeters and the leaves are arranged alternately on the stem axis.
swell
- Eric J. Gouda, Derek Butcher & Kees Gouda: Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads , Version 3.1 (2012). In “Species Index” click on Tillandsia , then on the species / subspecies; last viewed on September 4, 2013 (sections systematics and distribution)
literature
- Jürgen Röth & Wilhelm Weber: Tillandsia - flowers of the air . Neumann, Radebeul 1991, ISBN 3-7402-0086-3 . P. 160
- Werner Rauh : Bromeliads - Tillandsias and other bromeliads worthy of culture . Ulmer, Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-8001-6371-3 . (Sections Description, Occurrence and Use)
- Lyman Bradford Smith & Robert Jack Downs: Tillandsioideae (Bromeliaceae) in Flora Neotropica , Vol. 14, 2, Hafner Press, New York, 1977, pp. 863-864. (Sections Description, Occurrence and Systematics)
- Lyman Bradford Smith: The Bromeliaceae of Colombia , In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium , Volume 33, 1957, p. 141. scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org . (Sections Description, Occurrence and Systematics)
Individual evidence
- ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ^ Tillandsia paleacea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed September 4, 2013.
- ↑ BSI Online Cultivar Registry - Bromeliad Cultivar Register (8295) of the Bromeliad Society International = BSI.
