Tiruvarur (District)

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Tiruvarur
District திருவாரூர் மாவட்டம்
District map
State Tamil Nadu
Administrative headquarters : Tiruvarur
Area : 2,274 km²
Residents : 1,268,094 (2011)
Population density : 556 inhabitants / km²
Website : tiruvarur.tn.nic.in

The Tiruvarur District ( Tamil : திருவாரூர் மாவட்டம் ; also: Thiruvarur ) is a district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . The administrative center is the eponymous town of Tiruvarur . The Tiruvarur district has an area of ​​2,274 square kilometers and around 1.3 million inhabitants (2011 census).

geography

Mangrove forests in Muthupet on the Palk Bay coast

The Tiruvarur District is located in central Tamil Nadu. In the west, the Tiruvarur district borders on the Thanjavur district , in the east on the Nagapattinam district and the Karaikal district of the Puducherry union territory .

The area of ​​the Tiruvarur district is 2,274 square kilometers. The district area occupies the central part of the Kaveri Delta . The flat and fertile land is cut through by numerous estuaries of this largest river of Tamil Nadu. In the south, the district has a short coastline on the India- Sri Lanka situated Palkbucht . Extensive mangrove forests can be found along the coast .

In the Tiruvarur district there is an alternately humid tropical climate . The annual mean temperature in Tiruvarur is 28.5 ° C, the annual mean precipitation is 1,178 mm. Most of the rainfall occurs during the northeast monsoon between October and December. It also rains during the southwest monsoons in August and September.

history

The Kaveri Delta was the heartland of the Chola Empire, which had Thanjavur (Tanjore) as its capital from the 9th to the 13th centuries . From the 16th century, the Nayaks and later the Marathen kings of Thanjavur ruled the area. In 1799 the British annexed the Kingdom of Thanjavur and incorporated the area as the district of Thanjavur (Tanjore) in the province of Madras . After Indian independence in 1947, the area came to the state of Madras, which was reorganized in 1956 according to the language borders of Tamil and renamed Tamil Nadu in 1969. In 1991, the Nagapattinam district split from Thanjavur. In 1997, the Tiruvarur District was formed from six taluks from Nagapattinam District and one taluk from Thanjavur District.

population

Children in the temple of Tiruneelakudi in the Tiruvarur district

According to the 2011 Indian census, the Tiruvarur district has 1,264,277 inhabitants. The population density of the Tiruvarur district, with 556 inhabitants per square kilometer, corresponds to the average in Tamil Nadu (555 inhabitants per square kilometer). The district is clearly rural: only 20 percent of the population live in cities. The degree of urbanization is thus significantly lower than the state average (48 percent). 35 percent of the district's population are scheduled castes . At 83 percent, the literacy rate is in line with the state average (80 percent).

According to the 2011 census , the Hindus make up the vast majority of the residents of the Tiruvarur district with 90 percent. The largest minority are Muslims with just under 8 percent, while just under 3 percent of the population profess Christianity . As in all of Tamil Nadu, the main language is Tamil . It is spoken as a first language by over 99 percent of the district's residents, according to the 2001 census.

Attractions

The temple of Thiruthuraipoondi , one of the many Shivaite sanctuaries in the Tiruvarur district

The Kaveri Delta, to which the Tiruvarur district belongs, is a region rich in cultural history with numerous important Hindu temples, most of which date back to the Chola period. The most important of these is the Tyagaraja Temple in Tiruvarur City, dedicated to Lord Shiva . The temple complex extends over eight hectares, next to it is the Kamalalayam pond, with ten hectares one of the largest temple ponds in India. But there are also significant Hindu shrines in numerous small towns and villages in the Tiruvarur district. 54 of the 274 holy places of Tamil Shaivism ( Padal Petra Sthalams ) are in the Tiruvarur district. The Shiva temple of Alangudi also houses a side shrine that is dedicated to the personification of Jupiter ( Brihaspati ). This makes it one of the Navagraha temples , a group of nine temples in which Hindu planetary deities are worshiped. In addition, the Vishnu temples of Thirukkannamangai and Syrupuliyur are two of the 108 shrines of Tamil Vishnuism ( Divya Desams ) in the Tiruvarur district.

Administrative division

Taluks of the Tiruvarur District

The Tiruvarur District is divided into the following seven taluks (sub-districts):

Taluk main place Population
(2011)
Kodavasal Kodavasal 203.157
Mannargudi Mannargudi 308.380
Nannilam Nannilam 137.964
Needamangalam Needamangalam 147,440
Thiruthuraipoondi Thiruthuraipoondi 214.995
Tiruvarur Tiruvarur 151,696
Valangaiman Valangaiman 100,645

Cities

In the district of Tiruvarur has four cities with its own city government ( Municipalities ) and seven after the Panchayat managed system townships ( Town Panchayats ). The number of inhabitants is given according to the 2011 census.

Municipalities
Town panchayats

Web links

Commons : Tiruvarur District  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Census of India 2011: Primary Census Abstract - Tamil Nadu. (PDF; 873 kB)
  2. ↑ Climate data from climate-data.org .
  3. ^ Census of India 2011: Primary Census Data Highlights - Tamil Nadu. Chapter - I Population, Size and Decadal Change.
  4. ^ Census of India 2011: Primary Census Data Highlights - Tamil Nadu. Chapter - II Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Population.
  5. ^ Census of India 2011: Primary Census Data Highlights - Tamil Nadu. Chapter - III Literates and Literacy Rate.
  6. ^ Census of India 2011: C-1 Population By Religious Community. Tamil Nadu.
  7. ↑ Census of India 2001: C-15: Population by Mother Tongue (Tamil Nadu), accessed under Tabulations Plan of Census Year - 2001 .
  8. ↑ a b Census of India 2011: Primary Census Abstract Data Tables: Thiruvarur.