Sodium citrate

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Structural formula
Structural formula of sodium citrate
General
Surname Sodium citrate
other names
  • Trisodium citrate
  • E  331
  • Sodium citrate
  • Trisodium citrate
  • SODIUM CITRATE ( INCI )
Molecular formula C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7
Brief description

colorless salt

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 68-04-2
EC number 200-675-3
ECHA InfoCard 100,000,614
PubChem 6224
ChemSpider 5989
DrugBank DB09154
Wikidata Q409728
properties
Molar mass 258.07 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

density

1.76 g cm −3 (18 ° C )

Melting point

Decomposes at 150 ° C

solubility

in water approx. 425 g l −1 at 25 ° C

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases H: no H-phrases
P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Sodium citrate or sodium citrate is the sodium salt of citric acid . It consists of three sodium ions (Na + ) and the citrate ion (C 6 H 5 O 7 3− ). It has a soapy taste.

Extraction and presentation

Sodium citrate can be obtained by neutralizing caustic soda with citric acid .

use

In organic chemistry, sodium citrate is a component of the Benedict reagent for the detection of reducing sugars.

In the medicine sodium citrate is used, the coagulation of blood to prevent (see also blood plasma , apheresis ). It is also used to determine the rate of sedimentation.

As a food additive (E 331) it acts as an acidity regulator . The food industry uses it in numerous products:

  • Cheeses,
  • Jams,
  • Milk powder,
  • Condensed milk,
  • Fats,
  • Bakery products,
  • Energy drinks,
  • Mixed beer beverages,
  • Effervescent powder,
  • Icetea,
  • Baking powder ,
  • Canned fruit and vegetables,
  • and much more.

It is used as melting salt and is also used in detergents as a water softener .

Increase in gastric juice pH

Sodium citrate can be used preventively in patients undergoing general anesthesia and who are at increased risk of aspiration. By increasing the gastric juice pH, the gastric juice becomes less harmful, which is an advantage in the event of gastric juice leaking into the lungs ( aspiration ). Classically, sodium citrate is z. B. used in pregnant women or patients with intestinal obstruction to neutralize stomach acid. When administering sodium citrate, it should be noted that the effect begins after 2 minutes and then lasts for less than 60 minutes.

Sodium Citrate Crystals.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry on E 331: Sodium citrates in the European database for food additives, accessed on June 27, 2020.
  2. ↑ Entry on SODIUM CITRATE in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on April 17, 2020.
  3. ↑ a b c Data sheet sodium citrate (PDF) from Merck , accessed on December 21, 2019.
  4. ↑ a b c d Entry on trisodium citrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 21, 2019(JavaScript required) .
  5. ↑ a b c d K. K. Glandorf P. Kuhnert: Handbuch Lebensmittelzusatzstoffe 1991 Behr's Verlag ISBN 3-925673-89-X .
  6. ↑ Peter G. Atanassoff, Roman Rohling, Eli Alon, Sorin J. Brull: Effects of single-dose oral ranitidine and sodium citrate on gastric pH during and after general anesthesia. In: Canadian Journal of Anesthesia. 42, 1995, p. 382, doi: 10.1007 / BF03015481 .
  7. ↑ DM Dewan, HM Floyd, JM Thistlewood, TD Bogard, FJ Spielman: Sodium citrate pretreatment in elective cesarean section patients. In: Anesthesia and analgesia. Volume 64, Number 1, January 1985, pp. 34-37, PMID 3966649 .