Tuchomy
| Tuchomy | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Bytowski | ||
| Gmina : | Tuchomy | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 7 ′ N , 17 ° 20 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 1387 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Postal code : | 77-133 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | ||
| License plate : | GBY | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Miastko - Kościerzyna | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Tuchomie (German Groß Tuchen ) is a village in the powiat Bytowski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the capital of the rural community of the same name .
geography
The village is located on the northern slope of the terminal moraine range Schimmritzer Berge (256 m), in the extreme northwest of Kashubian Switzerland . The Kamieniczna (Kamenz River) , a tributary of the Baltic Sea inlet Słupia (Stolpe), flows through the village . It rises from the Kamieniczno (Kamenzsee) located a few kilometers to the south .
history
In a document from the Brandenburg margraves from 1315 on the award of the Tuchener Land to the knight Casimir from the noble family of the Swenzones , the village is first mentioned under the name "Tuchom". From 1329 to 1410 the area belonged to the Teutonic Order as Land Bütow and then passed into the hands of the Pomeranian dukes. Up until the final takeover of Prussia in 1773, Polish kings repeatedly appeared as liege lords. At the end of the 14th century, the place name "Cotzmersch" was used at times. In 1400, the Bütower order curator Jacob von Reinach awarded the office of Schulzenamt to Staneken, who lived in Tuchen. In the middle of the 16th century, most of the town's residents converted to Protestantism. By 1560, both a grain and a paper mill were in operation. It was not until 1670 that a church for the Protestant community was completed for the first time. Two major fires almost completely destroyed the site in 1674 and 1695. A school was first mentioned in 1710. When the Prussian state came to power, the village began to develop positively and new settlers settled down. In a local description from 1780, two grain mills and a paper mill, a forge and a village jug are mentioned. Although only 13 of the 289 inhabitants were Catholics in 1810, both they and the Evangelicals had their own place of worship. The progressive rise of the place is particularly evident in the number of inhabitants: in 1855 there were already 715 people living here. In 1857 the first modern traffic route reached the village with the Chaussee Bütow – Rummelsburg.
In 1874 the office of Groß Tuchen was established within the district of Bütow , to which, in addition to the main town, now called Königlich Tuchen, the legally independent manor district of Adlig Tuchen and the villages of Klein Tuchen and Zemmen belonged. Between 1886 and 1889, the Protestant community built a new church, which with 1,000 seats became the largest sacred building in the Bütower Land. In 1905 the 97 Catholic believers followed and also built a new church, which was consecrated to Saint Michael . In 1909, Königlich Tuchen was connected to the newly built Bütow – Rummelsburg railway line . A year later, Königlich Tuchen had 741 inhabitants and the manor district Adlig Tuchen 184 inhabitants. With the general abolition of the manor districts in 1928, Royal and Noble Tuchen were merged to form Groß Tuchen. Due to the loss of neighboring West Prussia after the First World War , the town expanded again. The population grew from 838 in 1925 to 1,006 in 1939. Single-family houses were built for large families, and due to the border location of the place, four customs houses were also built.
The end of the Second World War was particularly painful for Groß Tuchen. From mid-February 1945 the village was exposed to several Soviet low-level aircraft attacks, on March 2 the German Wehrmacht ordered the evacuation of the place. It was accompanied by renewed air raids in great panic. Between March 4 and 7, German and Soviet soldiers fought fierce fighting in the fields near Groß Tuchen, but the Germans had to withdraw and the village fell into the hands of the Soviet Army . Many of the refugees returned to their homes. After the end of the war, the place became part of Poland. Immigration from Poland began and the German population was expelled by 1946 .
Rural community
The rural community (gmina wiejska) Tuchomie covers 106.3 km² and has about 4200 inhabitants.
traffic
The national road DK 20 (Stettin – Gdynia), which runs through the village , provides the connection to the neighboring cities of Bytów (Bütow) and Miastko (Rummelsburg) . Tuchomie station is on the Bütow – Rummelsburg (Pom) railway line , which has not been in operation since 1945.
Web links
- Community website (Polish)
- Groß Tuchen, a village in Western Pomerania (German, English)
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on June 26, 2017