Sphagnum riparium

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Sphagnum riparium
Sphagnum riparium

Sphagnum riparium

Systematics
Class : Sphagnopsida
Order : Sphagnales
Family : Sphagnaceae
Genre : Peat Moss ( Sphagnum )
Section : Cuspidata
Type : Sphagnum riparium
Scientific name
Sphagnum riparium
Ångstr.

Sphagnum riparium is a peat moss belonging to the Cuspidata section. In the German-speaking world it is known as "Ufertorfmoos" or "Ufer-Porfmoos".

V-shaped cut stem
ovate lanceolate, long, pointed leaf
Branch leaf cross section

Identifying features

Sphagnum riparium forms quite large, pale green plants or, in places exposed to light, pale green-brown colored plants and can be macroscopically differentiated from the other peat mosses. The terminal bud is clearly formed. The pure green or slightly browned stems are easily fragile. The pendulous, approximately 1.4 mm long, tongue-shaped stem leaves are incised at the tip or frayed in a shallow V-shape. The ovate, lanceolate, long, pointed branch leaves are about 1.5 to 3 mm long and are dry, wavy and hook-shaped.

Significant microscopic features are the enlarged cortex cells that form 2 to 3 layers. The stem leaf hyalocytes have no fibrils or pores. The branch leaf chlorocytes appear triangular in cross section and are mostly exposed on both sides and are at most enclosed inside by the convex hyalocytes.

There is a particular risk of confusion with the deceptive peat moss ( Sphagnum fallax ), whose stems do not have a V-shaped incision and are shaped differently.

Occurrence

Sphagnum riparium colonizes mesotrophic and minerotrophic , wet forest and fens, brook banks, gullies and bog edges. The pH mean values should be around 4.4. At the edge of the bog it is often replaced by the deceptive peat moss ( Sphagnum fallax ) or the Russow peat moss ( Sphagnum russowii ), with which it can also form mixed stands. More often, it grows with sphagnum squarrosum , the Carex rostrata ( Carex rostrata ) or the Brown Sedge ( Carex nigra ) together. Sphagnum riparium is a mainly continental boreal species that is restricted to the regions of the northern hemisphere. In Asia, this species of peat moss can be found in China , Japan , Russian East Asia and Siberia . North America is populated from Greenland as the northernmost distribution area via Alaska and the Canadian provinces to the north and northeastern states of the USA with Indiana as the southernmost occurrence. In Europe, Sphagnum riparium is very common in northern Scandinavia , while it is rarer further south. In Germany , the species is reported in the states of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , where it is easily spread, in Brandenburg , Thuringia , Rhineland-Palatinate and Baden-Württemberg . Furthermore, Sphagnum riparium is also described as a species occurring in Austria .

Hazards and protective measures

The peat moss species Sphagnum riparium is endangered by the destruction of its habitats. From a global perspective, the International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN does not include them in its Red List of Endangered Species . The Federal Republic of Germany puts the species on the warning list ("V") nationwide. Your states Thuringia and Rhineland-Palatinate list you in the hazard category "3" and thus as endangered. The state of Brandenburg describes them as "lost".

At the European level, like all peat mosses, the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive No. 92/43 / EEC in the updated version of January 1, 2007 provides for protective measures that can regulate extraction or use (Appendix V) and the Prescribe the establishment of protected areas (Appendix I).

In Germany, according to federal law, the species - again like all peat moss - is listed in Appendix 1 of the Federal Species Protection Ordinance - BArtSchV for short - and thus placed under special protection.

In the USA, Sphagnum riparium is listed as an endangered and endangered species of peat moss in the states of New Jersey and Ohio under the code “E” for “Endangered”.

literature

  • Christian Berg: Mosses Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania VII: Determination aid for incorporation into the genus Sphagnum (peat moss). In: Nature and nature conservation in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Vol. 31, 1995, ISSN  1430-3361 , pp. 93-102.
  • Wolfgang Frey , Jan-Peter Frahm , Eberhard Fischer, Wolfram Lobin : The moss and fern plants of Europe (= small cryptogam flora. Vol. 4). Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart et al. 1995, ISBN 3-437-30756-8 .
  • Gerhard Ludwig: Excursion identification key of the Sphagnes of Central Europe. BfN-Schriftenvertrieb im Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 2005, ISBN 3-7843-3856-9 .
  • Martin Nebel, Georg Philippi (ed.): The mosses of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 3: Special Part (Bryophyta: Sphagnopsida, Marchantiophyta, Anthocerotophyta). Ulmer, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-3278-8 .
  • Anthony JE Smith: The Moss Flora Of Britain And Ireland. 2nd edition, reprinted with corrections. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 2006, ISBN 0-521-54672-9 .

Web links

Commons : Sphagnum riparium  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation Baden-Württemberg. (No longer available online.) In: Chapter List of the species currently occurring in Baden-Württemberg in Annexes II, IV and V of the Habitats Directive (as of September 30, 2006). Archived from the original on November 3, 2013 ; Retrieved June 17, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.fachdokumente.lubw.baden-wuerttemberg.de
  2. ↑ a b c Lists of particularly protected plant and fungus species in Thuringia with Sphagnum riparium. (No longer available online.) Free State of Thuringia State Institute for Environment and Geology, archived from the original on November 3, 2013 ; Retrieved November 1, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tlug-jena.de
  3. ↑ Flora of North America - Distribution Map. www.eFloras.org, accessed on June 19, 2010 (English).
  4. ↑ a b Online query for "Sphagnum riparium" in the Red List of Endangered Species in Germany and its federal states. science4you, accessed June 19, 2010 .
  5. ↑ a b ARTeFAKT types and facts. In: Red Lists and Protection Regulations. Rhineland-Palatinate - State Office for the Environment; Water management and labor inspectorate, accessed June 19, 2010 .
  6. ^ Eva Maria Temsch: Peat moss for beginners and professionals. In: Homepage of a botanist. Retrieved on October 13, 2011 (detailed website on peat moss ( Sphagnum ) with a list of Austria's species).
  7. ↑ WISIA Tracing Service for Endangered Species - Search for Sphagnum riparium . In: WISIA Online. German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, accessed on June 19, 2010 .
  8. ↑ Federal Species Protection Ordinance of the Federal Republic of Germany (BArtSchV) - Annex 1 (to § 1), protection status of wild animal and plant species. In: juris. Federal Ministry of Justice, accessed on June 19, 2010 .
  9. ↑ Plants Database: About Plants Threatened and Endangered - Sphagnum riarium. In: NRCS Natural Resources Concervation Service. USDA United States Department of Agriculture, accessed June 19, 2010 .