Uslar likes

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Family coat of arms of those of Uslar-Gleichen

Uslar-Gleichen , until 1825 only Uslar , is the name of an old noble family from Lower Saxony , whose ancestral seat has been Uslar am Solling since 1129 . Since the middle of the 13th century, the family also owned the two castles (now ruins) Gleichen near Göttingen .

history

Hildebrand and Hermann I appear as the first recorded ancestors of the von Uslar family between 1103 and 1110 as ministerials of Hildesheim Bishop Udo von Gleichen-Reinhausen . Between 1129 and 1135 is named Hildebrandus and Alvericus after in the first millennium in the Corveyer traditions mentioned place Huslere . They were ministerials to Siegfried IV von Boyneburg . Around 1240, the knight Hermann II, Elector of Mainz Burgmann at Uslar Castle, gave his imperial fief in Dransfeld to the Teutonic Order . Ernst I was recorded between 1220 and 1239. He was the son of Hermann I and brother of Hermann II. His sons founded several branches.

Die Gleichen , copperplate engraving by Matthäus Merian from the time before 1650: in the middle the Alte Gleichen, on the right the Neue Gleichen
  1. The oldest branch went out around 1451 with Ernst XII.
  2. The middle branch went out around 1466 with Ernst XIV and Hans VII.
  3. The youngest branch began with Ernst IV., Son of Ernst III., And led to Wedekind II. († 1541).
Castle ruins on the Alte Gleichen

In 1252 Albrecht the Great became Duke of Guelph and was thus also wealthy in the Göttingen area. In 1262 he set the knights Hermann III. and Ernst IV (sons of Hermann II and Vögte von Corvey ) as castle men at his castle Gleichen . Otto and Arnold von Rusteberg were castle men there until 1269 . In 1269, Albrecht I received the principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel in the fraternal division of the country , to which Uslar also belonged. In a first step to expand his sovereignty in this area, he consolidated his property by swapping town, country and Uslar Castle for Gleichen Castle with those of Uslar. From 1269 Hildebrand IV. And Hermann IV., Sons of Hermann III., As well as their cousin Ernst V, son of Ernst IV., Thus became masters of equals. In a second step, Duke Albrecht I expanded his area around Uslar between 1270 and 1274 through acquisitions from the Counts of Dassel .

In 1318 Otto the Mild enfeoffed Heidenreich with the equals and Ernst VI. with new equals . Neuengleichen Castle was attacked in 1402 by citizens of the surrounding cities with the support of the bishops of Hildesheim and Mainz. The allies were led by the Hessian Landgrave Hermann II. In the course of the siege, Knight Ernst IX fell, who on July 22, 1357 had defeated an army of Otto des Quaden with Göttingen citizens near Rosdorf . Hermann XIII. was able to hold Neuengleichen Castle with his men. In 1451 Ernst XIV. And Hans VII. Sold Neuengleichen to Landgrave Ludwig I of Hesse . However, since this was a Brunswick fiefdom, the sale between Brunswick and Hesse was controversial until the 18th century. Altenleichen was inhabited by the lords of Uslar until 1555 and then fell into disrepair. The Uslars built manors in the area, some of which are still in the family today. In 1847, Bernhard von Uslar-Gleichen also had the Altenleichen ruin confirmed as property by the government of the Kingdom of Hanover .

Three brothers of this noble family intervened in the Thirty Years War . The youngest, Friedrich Moritz, died after a short military career at 34 on February 13, 1632. His brother Thilo Albrecht made a military career and died on October 14, 1634. Her brother Georg made it to major general and died on March 2, 1638.

Obergut Appenrode in Gleichen

Wedekind II. († 1541) married Anna von Oldershausen and became the progenitor of two main lines.

  1. Ludolf line. Goods of this line were at the beginning of the 20th century (all leased): Gut Appenrode in Bremke (Gleichen) , Hof Klein Lengden , Gut Seeburg .
  2. Melchiorian line. Goods of this line were at the beginning of the 20th century (all leased): Gut Altenleichen, Gut Sieboldshausen (from 1345 to 1904), Gut Wöllmarshausen ( Gleichen ).

The family also owns the manors Gelliehausen (at the foot of the New Gleichen) and Sennickerode in Bremke (Gleichen) to this day. King George IV of Hanover gave the family permission on April 9, 1825 to call and write from Uslar-Gleichen .

coat of arms

The family coat of arms shows a red bar that is tinned three times above and twice below in silver. On the helmet with red-silver covers, an open flight, each covered with a red battlement .

Known family members

The von Uslar family from Goslar

In the imperial city of Goslar, a Henricus de Uslere appears for the first time in 1281 as a member of the shopkeeper's guild. With him the uninterrupted line of tribe of the Goslar family von Uslar begins ; Since the 14th century the family has held leading positions in the Goslar city regiment and later in the Harz mining industry . According to Edmund von Uslar-Gleichen, contributions to a family history of the barons v. Uslar-Gleichen, 1888, fourth chapter "The patricians of Uslar and their connection with the baronial family von Uslar-Gleichen" , the patrician council family of Uslar from Goslar is said to be a tribe with the von Uslar-Gleichen : "... In 1315 we meet the Uslar again in Goslar, namely the brothers Hermannus et Henricus dicti de Uslaria, laici, who certify a certificate as cives in Goslaria. Their first names, which were common in the Uslar family at that time, as well as the inserted " dicti "exclude any doubt that they too are descended from the Gleichen'schen Uslar." However, the different coats of arms speak against such an assignment.

literature

  • The goods of the barons v. Uslar likes. In: The manors of the principalities of Calenberg, Göttingen and Grubenhagen. Ed .: Gustav Stölting-Eimbeckhausen, Börries Freiherr von Münchhausen-Moringen, 1912, pp. 325–345.
  • Edmund Freiherr von Uslar-Gleichen: Contributions to a family history of the barons v. Uslar likes. 1888, digitized
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon. Volume XV, Volume 134 of the complete series, pp. 165-167, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 2004, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses for the year 1856. Sixth year, p. 708 ff.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. Volume FAV, CA Starke Verlag, 1963, p. 440.
  2. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. CA Starke Verlag, 1963, p. 450.
  3. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. CA Starke Verlag, 1963, p. 443.
  4. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. CA Starke Verlag, 1963, p. 449.
  5. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility. CA Starke Verlag, 1963, p. 440.
  6. ^ Georg Bode : Document book of the city of Goslar 2. , No. 292