Klein Lengden

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Klein Lengden
Unified community equals
Coat of arms of Klein Lengden
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 49 ″  N , 10 ° 0 ′ 19 ″  E
Height : 203  (195-245)  m
Residents : 1359  (Feb. 1, 2018)
Incorporation : 1st January 1973
Postal code : 37130
Area code : 05508
map
Klein Lengden as part of the municipality of Gleichen

Klein Lengden is a district of the municipality of Gleichen in the district of Göttingen with 1,359 inhabitants (as of February 1, 2018). Klein Lengden is of historical importance when the first waste paper mill started operating in the 18th century.

Geographical location

Klein Lengden (view from the slope of the Westerberg to the southeast)

The place is located on the southern edge of the Göttingen Forest , part of the Leinebergland , in the Gartetal on the Lengder Bach, a tributary of the Garte, which flows south of the village from east to west and which in turn flows into the Leine . In the northwest lies the Westerberg ( 340.2  m ) and in the northeast the Lengderburg ( 383.5  m ) with the Lengder Castle . To the east lies the Heiligenberg (approx.  262  m ). Northeast, the district includes large Lengden on, southeast Benniehausen , south Reinhausen , in the west of the district Diemarden and northwest Göttingen-Geismar .

geology

Due to the hillside location between the Göttingen forest and the garden, the soil consists mainly of pseudogley and parabraun earth .

history

As is the case with most places in the region, the time when the town was founded is unknown. The first written mention of a place Lengithi or Lengidi is ascribed to the year 822 and can be found in the Codex Eberhardi of the Fulda Monastery . First references to two places with the name Lengden can be found in a document attributed to the year 1022. The place name Leng (e) de means "long place / length"; the basic word -ede has died out in German and lives on as -te in Dutch, for example. The nucleus of the local development lies in today's village center in the area of ​​the church and below the church along the Lengder Grund valley. In this area there are still some courtyards with half-timbered buildings mainly from the 18th and 19th centuries. After the Second World War , the place was expanded in the north, east and west to include new building areas in which single-family houses were built. Further local expansions followed with the construction of an industrial area in the east and another residential area in the northeast.

Until 1957, Klein Lengden was a station of the Göttingen Kleinbahn , also known as the Gartetalbahn , which connected Göttingen with Duderstadt .

On January 1, 1973, Klein Lengden was incorporated into the new municipality of Gleichen.

politics

The municipality of Gleichen was created in the course of the municipal reform in 1973.

Local council

Local council election 2011
Turnout: 65.74% (2006: 69.09%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
38.59%
33.68%
25.30%
2.43%
KLW
Gains and losses
compared to 2006
 % p
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
+ 0.20  % p
-1.64  % p
-0.99  % p
+ 2.43  % p
KLW

The local council consists of seven councilors and councilors.

(As of: local election on September 11, 2011 )

Local mayor

The local mayor of Klein Lengden is Klaus-Werner Hanelt.

District elections 2006

The 2006 district elections saw the following results:

District elections 2006
Number of votes or%
Eligible voters 968
voter turnout 69.01%
SPD 40.03%
CDU 31.88%
Green 14.02%
The left 3.12%
FDP 6.65%
Community of voters 4.31%

coat of arms

Coat of arms of Klein Lengden
 Blazon : "In the blue shield, emerging from the base of the shield, a twice tapering silver (white) tower with green bell roofs."
Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms designed by Otto Rössler von Wildenhain was approved by the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior on April 22, 1949. It shows the steeple of the Johanniskirche, a medieval well-fortified baroque tower and landmark of the place. The municipal council chose this motif because the church is not only an essential building in the middle of the village, but is also at the center of village, spiritual and cultural life.

Place name

The place name Lengden is in its original form “Lengithi”, so like Weende it belongs to the place names with the ending “-ithi”, which are mostly due to old field names. The first word component is related to the word "long". The ending “-ithi” is used with both -th- and -d-, the -i- weakened to -e-. Lengden was mentioned for the first time in 822 in records of the Fulda monastery as Lengidi or Lengithi . The name Lengede can be found in a deed of foundation from 952 Otto I for the Pöhlde monastery.

It was not until the 16th century that the name was contracted to "Lengde", the final -n only appeared in the tradition since the 18th century. In the newer dialect forms, the -d- is also disappearing, so that the name is "Lengen". In a letter of January 30, 1783 from Johann Friedrich Blumenbach to Christian Gottlob Heyne , Klein Lengden is referred to in the Low German form as Lütgen-lengen .
Because the neighboring town of Groß Lengden also had the same name, an addition had to be made between the two towns. These additions could be chosen differently: By specifying the cardinal direction in "Westerlengede" (1118–1137, forgery of the 13th century, in contrast to "Osterlengede") or in the Latin form "in Occidentali Lengethe" (1168, forgery of the 13th century) Century), by specifying the altitude "Inferior Lengede" (1298, in contrast to "Superior Lengede"), or by specifying the size in Latin ("Minor Lengede" 1339 in the document book of the city of Göttingen, in contrast to "Maior Lengede" ), in Low German ("Lutteken Lengede" 1419) or High German ("Klain Lenghede" 1428). In the book " Lower Saxony say and fairy tales: collected from the mouths of the people " from 1855, the place is repeatedly referred to as Kleinen-Lengden .
On September 18, 1937, the name Klein Lengden was established by the Reich and Prussian Ministry of the Interior .

Culture and sights

church

Ev. Parish Church of St. John the Baptist

In the center of the village is the church of St. John the Baptist , a parish in the Göttingen parish of the Hildesheim-Göttingen district of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Hanover . The medieval well-fortified tower in the west is made of sandstone quarry stone masonry and is not plastered, the building to the east is a white plastered, single-nave hall building and dates from the Baroque period .

Historic spinning mill

Historic carded yarn spinning mill

Coming from Benniehausen in front of the village entrance is the historical spinning mill Gartetal , which began as a grain mill in the 16th century. In 1651 it was converted into a paper mill. The first documented "paper recycling attempt" in Europe was carried out here in 1774. The preparation of printed matter was an invention of Justus Claproth , which was used for the first time by the miller Johann Engelhard Schmid. In the course of industrialization , the plant was converted into a spinning mill in 1847, which was in operation until 1967. The facility has been a museum since 1982, with the machines as exhibits and an exhibition on wool and its processing.

Lengder Castle

Lengder Burg (also called Lengdener Burg ) is a presumably Early Iron Age rampart on the mountain spur Lengderburg ( 383.5  m ), around 1 km north of Klein Lengden . The long, narrow ridge is cordoned off by two section walls, of which the inner, western wall is about 60 m long. Both ramparts are relatively badly dilapidated and difficult to see in the otherwise small-scale terrain. By test excavations was found in 1965 that the outer wall has a two-phase system with a fire layer over the first layer. In addition, ceramic shards were recovered from inside the former fortification, which indicate at least a temporary settlement in the younger pre-Roman Iron Age . A fortification may have existed here as early as the Stone Age.

Sports

The gymnastics and sports club TSV Klein Lengden , with its own sports field on the northern edge of the district, is mainly active in football, but also offers volleyball, gymnastics, gymnastics and Nordic walking.

Economy and Infrastructure

Business

On the eastern edge of Klein Lengden, the Friedebreite industrial area is designated, a model project for ecological trade.

traffic

Klein Lengden is connected to Göttingen-Geismar and Benniehausen or Duderstadt via the L 569 and to Groß Lengden via the L 574 . A connection to Diemarden exists via the K 21. Since the shutdown of the Göttingen Kleinbahn , Klein Lengden is no longer connected to a rail network. A bus connection exists through the connection to one of the regional bus routes Duderstadt-Göttingen in the transport association South Lower Saxony .

Web links

Commons : Klein Lengden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b residents of the community of Gleichen (as of February 1, 2018), accessed on February 26, 2019
  2. ↑ Geoportal Niedersachsen ( Memento of the original from April 25, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / geoportal.geodaten.niedersachsen.de
  3. ↑ a b c d Kirstin Casemir, Uwe Ohainski, Jürgen Udolph: The place names of the district of Göttingen . In: Jürgen Udolph : Lower Saxony Local Name Book (NOB) , Part IV. Publishing House for Regional History , Bielefeld 2003, ISSN  0436-1229 , ISBN 3-89534-494-X , pp. 250f
  4. ↑ a b Lufen, Peter Ferdinand: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony , vol. 5.3: Göttingen district, part 2 . Altkreis Duderstadt with the communities Friedland and Gleichen and the combined communities Gieboldehausen and Radolfshausen. Published by the Lower Saxony State Administration Office - Institute for Monument Preservation -. CW Niemeyer, Hameln 1997, ISBN 3-8271-8257-3 , pp. 274f.
  5. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 208 .
  6. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the Göttingen district, November 20, 1972 (PDF; 16 kB)
  7. ↑ Local council election Klein Lengden 2011. In: kds.de. September 11, 2011, accessed December 29, 2014 .
  8. ↑ Local councils  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the community of Gleichen, accessed on December 24, 2016 (PDF)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link /leichen.de  
  9. ^ Göttingen district archive, coats of arms of the localities of the municipality of Gleichen and their descriptions, email from April 24, 2019, municipality of Gleichen
  10. ^ Ernst Friedrich Johann Dronke: Traditiones et antiquitates Fuldenses. C. Müller, 1844 limited preview in the Google book search
  11. ↑ Odyssey. (No longer available online.) In: harz-mineralien.de. Archived from the original on February 9, 2015 ; accessed on December 29, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.harz-mineralien.de
  12. ↑ Document book of the city of Göttingen up to the year 1400 (1401 to 1500) published. by G. Schmidt. P. 240. limited preview in Google Book search
  13. ↑ Ministerial-Blatt of the Reich and Prussian Ministry of the Interior. limited preview in Google Book search
  14. ^ Historical spinning mill Gartetal Same Klein Lengden exhibitions. In: kulturbox.de. July 25, 2008, accessed December 29, 2014 .
  15. ^ Castles and palaces in Göttingen - Weserbergland. (No longer available online.) In: burgeninventar.de. September 25, 2010, archived from the original on June 26, 2010 ; accessed on December 29, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.burgeninventar.de
  16. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  17. ↑ H.-G. Peters: The castle near Klein Lengden . In: Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments , Volume 16: Göttingen and the Göttingen Basin. Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 1970, pp. 194ff.
  18. ↑ TSV Klein Lengden. In: tsvkleinlengden.de. October 12, 2014, accessed December 29, 2014 .
  19. ↑ Commercial and building land Klein Lengden on the website of the municipality of Gleichen, accessed on May 22, 2012