Woellmarshausen

Woellmarshausen Unified community equals
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 21 ″  N , 10 ° 5 ′ 22 ″  E
Residents :	358  (May 4, 2015)
Incorporation :	1st January 1973
Postal code :	37130
Area code :	05508
The district of Wöllmarshausen is located in the northeastern area of ​​the municipality of Gleichen

Wöllmarshausen is a district of the municipality of Gleichen in the district of Göttingen with 358 inhabitants (as of May 4, 2015). The Garte , a 23 km long tributary of the Leine, flows through Wöllmarshausen .

history

Wöllmarshausen was first mentioned in 1013 as "Wilmershausen" in a document from the Michaeliskloster Hildesheim . Located on the southern edge of today's state of Lower Saxony , the village was part of the Landgraviate of Hesse from 1451 , before it belonged to the Kingdom of Hanover from 1816 . While the upper ownership remained with the respective sovereign, the noble family zu Uslar-Gleichen received the patrimonial court and acted both as church patrons and as landlords in the place. The name Wöllmarshausen means "dwellings at the water points marked by undulating springs". The Negeborn spring and the ox pump can be found in the vicinity of the village.

During the Thirty Years' War Wöllmarshausen was spared major damage and arson. On August 22nd, 1626, a few days before the battle of Lutter am Barenberge , troops of the imperial general Tilly united near Wöllmarshausen to prepare for the fight against King Christian of Denmark .

The townscape is characterized by numerous farms and half-timbered houses along the main street, some of whose stories go back to the 17th century. Some houses were damaged or destroyed in a severe storm in August 1886 . Also in 1945 houses were damaged by incendiary bombs and grenades when the American troops marched in - some so badly that they had to be demolished in the years that followed.

Gottfried-August-Bürger-Strasse in Wöllmarshausen

In the 1960s and 1970s, more than a dozen new residential buildings were built in Wöllmarshausen. The purely agricultural place became a residential community, as more and more residents found work in Göttingen or Duderstadt . Of the once a dozen farms, only two are actively managed today (as of 9/2018). On the northern outskirts is the new Eichengrund development area, in which several residential buildings have been built again since the 1990s.

Due to the reorganization of the school system, the village school was closed in 1977, as a school for the surrounding villages was built in Kerstlingerode as early as 1957. In 1958 , a vocational school for agriculture was set up by the district of Göttingen in Wöllmarshausen, on the vacant estate of the von Uslar-Gleichen family , which served as accommodation for war orphans after the Second World War . This was closed again after a few years. The blacksmith's shop, carpentry shop, cider shop and both of the town's inns no longer exist today.

As in the years 1886 and 1909, the place fell victim to a severe storm in 1981. The garden flooded almost the entire village and damaged several houses, some severely. In 2007, the municipality of Gleichen commissioned an expert report on flood protection from Leibniz University Hannover . The results were implemented in 2013, the riverbed of the garden was widened by up to 10 meters over a length of a good 300 meters and a flood basin was created.

In 2016, the construction of five wind turbines between Wöllmarshausen and Rittmarshausen should begin. This was not carried out due to the endangered red kites nesting in the area between the two locations. A citizens' initiative against the building had previously been founded.

In the course of the municipal reform, Wöllmarshausen became a district of the newly formed municipality Gleichen on January 1, 1973.

Jewish community in Wöllmarshausen

A few Jewish families lived in the village from the 15th century. Around 1860 there were ten adults and two children in a total of three Jewish families. Like most of the villagers, the Jews also made a living from farming and attended the village school. The remains of the Jewish cemetery can still be seen at the northwest end of the village .

traffic

Wöllmarshausen is located on the national road 569 from Göttingen to Duderstadt , approx. 10 kilometers from Göttingen and approx. 12 kilometers from Duderstadt.

The Gartetalbahn stopped in Wöllmarshausen on its journey from Göttingen to Rittmarshausen or Duderstadt from 1897 until it was shut down in 1957. A bridge at the western exit of the town, which has been used as a cycle path since 2006, still testifies to the railway line. The cycle path is part of the Weser-Harz-Heide cycle path from Hann. Münden to Lüneburg .

Wöllmarshausen is connected to the regional bus network of the Verkehrsverbund Süd-Niedersachsen. Both stops in the town, Am Mühlenberg and Spickenweg, are served several times a day by line 154 Göttingen-Bahnhof - Beienrode .

politics

Local council

The local council consists of five councilors and councilors.

• Wöllmarshausen community of voters: 5 seats

(As of: local election on September 11, 2011 )

Local mayor

Local mayor of Wöllmarshausen is Hans-Joachim Klabunde.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In red a golden (yellow) alternating pinnacle bar ."

Establishment of the coat of arms: Otto Rössler von Wildenhain presented three coats of arms to the municipality of Wöllmarshausen in 1949. The local council never submitted a draft to the Lower Saxony Ministry of the Interior for approval. The coat of arms refers to that of the lords of Uslar-Gleichen , who used to have great influence in the place. The colors are those of the Herren von Plesse .

Attractions

Evangelical Lutheran Church in Wöllmarshausen

• Ev.-luth. Church: The tower is medieval , the hall was built in 1756 and verschieferte timbered -Turmaufsatz dates from the early 19th century. The oldest bell in the tower dates from 1777 and is engraved with "All the Lords of Uslar let me pour it as a church patron." A second bell was purchased in 1816, but had to be melted down during the First World War. Under the church tower there is a burial place of the noble family von Uslar-Gleichen .
• Jewish cemetery : The cemetery is located at the northwest end of the village, not far from today's village community center, and was occupied until 1870. In 1983 the theologian Berndt Schaller from Göttingen made copies of the tombstones that were still preserved .
• Former manor: Hof Gottfried-August-Bürger-Straße 6 was built as a manor by the noble family von Uslar-Gleichen in 1732 and is one of the oldest surviving buildings in town. Until the feudal system was abolished in Wöllmarshausen in the 19th century, every farmer in the village had to deliver a tenth part of his harvest to the so-called tithe barn on the estate. After the abolition of the feudal system, the farm was leased as an inn, in which the local post office was also to be found. As a result of the Second World War, a home of the German Red Cross for war orphans and later the agricultural vocational school was housed on the farm . The tithe barn was demolished in 1977, only the house is still there.

Gate to Gottfried August Bürger's former house in Mühlengasse (2018)

• Former residence of Gottfried August Bürger : The house, which the poet Gottfried August Bürger lived in from 1774 to 1784, is located at Mühlengasse 1. At the gate to the property there is a plaque with a portrait of the citizen.

Population development

During the First World War , the population of Wöllmarshausen increased for a short time due to the employment of prisoners of war from Russia. After the end of the Second World War, the population rose to its highest level to date. This increase is due to the large influx of refugees and displaced persons from the east. In 1948, in addition to the villagers, there were 23 refugees from Pomerania , 50 from East Prussia and 41 from Silesia in Wöllmarshausen . There were also 34 evacuees from Hanover and a number of people who had fled the Soviet occupation zone . At the beginning of the 1950s the population fell again.

year	Residents
1689	105
1905	334
1948	603
1950	556
1960	402
1978	417
2015	358

Personalities

Citizen's house in Wöllmarshausen (1873)

• Gottfried August Bürger (1747–1794), a poet during the Enlightenment, worked from 1772 to 1784 as a clerk at the Altenleichen court in Gelliehausen and lived from 1774 to 1784 in Wöllmarshausen. During this time, the poet, best known for his "Adventures of the Baron von Münchhausen ", met secretly with his lover Auguste "Molly" Leonhart, daughter of the Göttingen judicial officer Johann Carl Leonhart , in the citizens' grotto northwest of Wöllmarshausen, which is named after him today. His poems "Molly" and "Der Liebeskranke" were also written in Wöllmarshausen. The main street in town is now named after Gottfried August Bürger.
• Herbert Günther (born 1947), writer, translator and screenwriter, spent his childhood and youth in Wöllmarshausen.

societies

• Table tennis club (TTV) Wöllmarshausen: founded in 1950, successful several times in the district and district league. 1956 even national champion. At the beginning, the TTV trained in the Stietenroth inn in the village center, but in the 1980s it got its own hall not far from the village community center that opened in 1977. In 2010 the association was merged with TTV Sattenhausen . At its most successful time, the association had over 80 members.
• Schützenverein Wöllmarshausen: Founded in June 1950. Initially, the shooting range was north-west of the village on Mühlenberg in the direction of Niedeck. This was replaced in the 1970s by a stand in the new building of the village community center.
• Association to promote local ties in Wöllmarshausen
• Wöllmarshausen volunteer fire brigade : Founded in 1937 with 31 members initially. In 1974 a youth fire brigade was founded. The FF Wöllmarshausen is a local fire brigade with basic equipment and has a TSF . The fire station is connected to the village community center.

See also

• Göttingen small train

literature

• WÖLLMARSHAUSEN Gem. Gleichen, district of Göttingen. Ev. Church. In: Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments . Bremen Lower Saxony. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-422-03022-0 , page 1383
• Theodor Günther: Wöllmarshausen with its surroundings then and now. Otto Schwartz Verlag, Göttingen 1979

Web links

Commons : Wöllmarshausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Wöllmarshausen on the website of the municipality of Gleichen

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} residents of the municipality of Gleichen (as of May 4, 2015), accessed on March 3, 2016
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n} Theodor Günther: Wöllmarshausen with its surroundings then and now. Ed .: Theodor Günther. Otto Schwartz, Göttingen 1979.
3. ^ Community of Gleichen: Wöllmarshausen. Retrieved September 13, 2018 . 
4. ↑ Wöllmarshausen: Garte can spread out into hollows of meadows during heavy rain. Retrieved September 14, 2018 (German). 
5. ^ Off for wind farm near Rittmarshausen. Retrieved September 16, 2018 (German). 
6. ↑ Protest against wind turbines: Initiative calls for greater distances. Retrieved September 16, 2018 (German). 
7. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the municipalities in the Göttingen district, November 20, 1972 (PDF; 16 kB)
8. ↑ http://wahlen.kds.de/2011kw/Daten/152011_000066/index.html
9. ↑ Local councils of the municipality of Gleichen, accessed on December 24, 2016 (PDF)
10. ^ Göttingen district archive, coat of arms of the localities of the municipality of Gleichen and their descriptions, email dated April 24, 2019, municipality of Gleichen
11. ↑ A literary man's romantic place. Retrieved September 13, 2018 (German). 
12. ↑ http://www.feuerwehr-leichen.de/index.php?id=27. Retrieved September 14, 2018 .