Reinhausen (same)
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Reinhausen
Community Gleichen
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| Residents : | 1504 (May 4, 2015) |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1973 |
| Postal code : | 37130 |
| Area code : | 05592 |
 Location of Reinhausen in the municipality of Gleichen
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_02.jpg) View from the west of Reinhausen and the Reinhausen Forest
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With 1504 inhabitants (as of May 4, 2015 ), Reinhausen is the largest district and the administrative seat of the municipality of Gleichen in the district of Göttingen in southern Lower Saxony .
geography
Reinhausen is located about 8 kilometers south-southeast of Göttingen on the northwestern edge of the Reinhäuser Wald sandstone area . The Wendebach flows through the village in a westerly direction , into which the Reinbach flows at the eastern end of the village from the south. The valley through which the Wendebach flows is characterized in the local area by high cliffs running close to the main road, but widens slightly in the west of the village and has gentler slopes on the way to the Wendebach reservoir, which is 2.5 km away in the Reinhausen district .
The built-up area extends from 185 m above sea level. NN at the Wendebach up to 235 m above sea level. NN on the slopes of the Allerberg to the south and the Kleiner Knülls to the north-east of the village. The highest elevation in the district is 343 m above sea level. NN on the southern edge of the Rabbit Stone. Reinhausen is surrounded in the south, east and north-east by the Reinhausen Forest, in the west and north-west by hilly arable and pasture landscapes. The Reinhausen Forest is characterized by deeply cut valleys and often exposed rock formations with a large number of abrises , abandoned quarries show the former economic importance of the extraction of building sandstone for the region.
Reinhausen also includes Hof Bettenrode , located 2.5 kilometers east-northeast of the village, and Waldschlösschen, just as far east-southeast in the Bremkertal . Neighboring towns are the districts of Bremke and Diemarden and the towns of Ballenhausen and Niedernjesa, which are part of the Friedland community .
history
As with most places in the region, it is not known for sure when or for what reason the place was founded in Reinhausen. Since the High Middle Ages , however, the place has been mentioned very often in documents, the first currently known mention can be found in a forged document in the 12th century, dated July 26, 1097 and attributed to Henry IV. There a Count Heinrich de Reinehuson is listed as a witness. Unlike most comparable place names, the place name with the frequent ending -hausen does not have a personal name in the defining word, but can be traced back to a word with the meaning field “Rain, limit, limiting mountain slope, increase, shore”. Decisive for the formation of the name was therefore the striking location at the foot of the sandstone cliffs rising steeply above the place.
In the early High Middle Ages, Reinhausen was the seat of the Counts of Reinhausen , who, as descendants of the Esikonen, were owners of the Leinegau district . They built a spur castle , Reinhausen Castle , on the steep mountain spur of the Kirchberg that slopes down to the early medieval military road and the village , which, according to archaeological finds, was settled as early as the 10th century and is therefore one of the particularly early examples of an aristocratic castle in the Saxon region. As early as the end of the 11th century, the Counts of Reinhausen converted their ancestral seat into a canon monastery . Around 1100 they built two new hilltop castles on the nearby twin mountain Die Gleichen . At the beginning of the 12th century, the Canons' Monastery was converted into a Benedictine monastery. The former castle church was expanded and turned into a monastery church.
After the Reformation , the monastery was closed and the Reinhausen office was established. The extensive, over 300 hectare property of the monastery fell to the state, which let it be managed as an estate. At the same time, the district was also set up. The basis of its size was the area of the previous monastery with the villages of Reinhausen and Ischenrode and the Bettenrode Vorwerk . In the 17th century the village of Lichtenhagen, which was in dispute with the Eichsfeld, was added. The bailiff also acted as the domain tenant , from 1546 Ludolf Fischer was named as bailiff in Reinhausen.
On January 1, 1973 Reinhausen was incorporated into the new municipality of Gleichen.
politics
Local council
The local council consists of seven councilors and councilors.
- SPD : 4 seats
- Free voter community -BSP equals: 2 seats
- CDU : 1 seat
(Status: local election on September 11, 2016 )
Local mayor
The local mayor of Reinhausen is Marc Hillebrecht.
coat of arms
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Blazon : "In gold (yellow) a red wheel cross, the four spokes of which widen towards the inner edge in the shape of a paw-cross." |
| Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms designed by Otto Rössler von Wildenhain was approved by the President of the Prussian Province of Hanover on August 11, 1939. In the colors of the Lords of Plesse, it shows the disc crosses carved into the rock on the Bielstein, a sandstone rock directly in the village. |
Culture and sights
Cultural monuments
Monastery church
The Romanesque village church of St. Christophorus stands on the rock of the Kirchberg towering above the center of the village , which still contains elements of the castle church built before 1079 and which has undergone numerous Romanesque and Gothic extensions and redesigns as a monastery church. In the 18th century, a former transept and the burial chapel of the Lords of Uslar were demolished. Despite the numerous renovations, the church still appears as a predominantly Romanesque building, which is determined from the outside by the squat double tower facade in the west. It is built from the local red sandstone in quarry stone and ashlar masonry. The arched portal is on the south side and is surrounded by a slightly protruding part of the masonry that is almost square in view. In the interior, especially in the western part of the church, there are large-scale, but partly destroyed Gothic frescoes on the walls , which show Saint Christopher . A late Gothic winged altarpiece that has been rebuilt several times , another carved altar shrine ( Jodokus shrine ) from 1507, a three meter high crucifix , also late Gothic, and two grave slabs from the 16th century are part of the furnishings.
monastery
Rock stairs
Until the road was built in the 19th century, Kirchberg with the monastery and church could only be reached on foot via three stairs carved into the rock. These stairs, which have been severely cut through centuries of walking, are now designated as a cultural monument together with the numerous medieval grooves next to the stairs.
Bielstein
The approximately 100 meter long rock spur of the Bielstein rises directly from the village street in the village and shapes the townscape. Houses and outbuildings were added directly to parts of the rock that were further back and some of them were also hammered into the rock. Parts of the massif were used in the past as a quarry to extract the red sandstone as a building material, but in large parts it has remained almost unchanged since the Middle Ages. This is evidenced by numerous workings of the rock from the Middle Ages, which prove the sacred significance of the Bielstein, such as carved round arch niches and grooves . Particularly impressive are two disc crosses of different sizes that are carved into the rock, facing the road. Archaeological excavations at the foot of the Bielstein in 1979 brought to light the remains of settlements from the Middle Ages and the older pre-Roman Iron Age. A pre-Christian religious significance of the Bielstein is sometimes assumed, but has not yet been clearly proven.
Hurkutstein
Location: 51 ° 27 ′ 8.7 ″ N , 10 ° 0 ′ 33.5 ″ E
In the southeast of the village in the Reinhausen Forest is the Hurkutstein, an artificially designed hermit cave located about three meters above the ground in a rock face. There is a documentary record of a “Chapel to the Holy Grave”, which the monk Heinrich Hufnagel from Reinhausen Monastery built on the raised forecourt of the rock in 1385 and lived there as a hermit . The chapel and the immediately adjacent fish ponds are mentioned in 1488. Various niches and gothic crosses carved into the rock still bear witness to the former hermitage of the Reinhausen monastery. A legend tells of a servant on neighbors named Hurkut who, according to orders, abandoned a child in the forest and then retired to the Hurkut stone as a hermit out of repentance.
The Hurkut stone and the oak standing on it at that time were designated as a natural monument in 1936. However, the oak has now died and the remains are on the rock. Since the Hurkutstein is a man-made cultural monument, like the oak, it was removed from the list of natural monuments at the end of 2009.
Jägerstein
Location: 51 ° 26 ′ 47.8 ″ N , 10 ° 0 ′ 19.5 ″ E
About 700 meters southwest of the Hurkutstein lies the Jägerstein, often also called Jägerstein in the plural, in the Reinhausen Forest . In spite of the low altitude compared to other formations, it is a particularly impressive group of several rocks made of red sandstone , which rise steeply above the Reintal at the edge of a mountain spur , but merge flat into the mountain plateau on the top. They are characterized by overhanging rocks ( abrises ), horizontal and vertical crevices and small cavities, as well as strong honeycomb weathering on the underside of the rocks. Small children like to crawl in the crevices between columnar rock shapes. The hunter stones are said to have been used by Stone Age hunters to drive wild animals onto the cliffs, to let them fall and in this way to catch or kill them. A Stone Age settlement of the abrises in the Mesolithic and a settlement by forest hat farmers in the Iron Age (approx. 500 BC) has been archaeologically proven, the rocks are designated as a ground monument . In addition, they were also classified as natural monuments until the end of 2009 , but were removed from this list in order to eliminate double protection; because the rock formation as such differs little from other similar formations, the property as a cultural monument is considered to be a priority.
Castle of the Counts of Reinhausen
In earlier times the ancestral seat of the Counts of Reinhausen was located on the steeply sloping mountain spur of the Kirchberg, the ground plan of which can now be roughly reconstructed. The early to high medieval castle was a two-part complex, with the inaccessible living area with its own church on the westward part of the mountain, the area was approx. 1.5 ha. The farmyard, on the other hand, was in the northeastern part of the mountain, was separated from the other buildings by a ditch and had an area of about 1 hectare. Further section fortifications for the main protection of the castle could also have been at this point, but are no longer detectable due to the current overbuilding. The entrance to the castle was probably on the north flank, through the less ruggedly deepened Rosental, there are traditions for this in the late Middle Ages ; today's road leading to the Kirchberg was built in the 19th century. Finds attest to the settlement of the castle since 10/11. Century, which is a specialty for an aristocratic castle in the Saxon area.
Former hospital
In 1460, the brothers Hans and Ernst von Uslar together with their cousin Hans von Uslar (the elder) founded a hospital on the Kirchberg next to the monastery , which accommodated pilgrims but also had an infirmary outside the monastery walls. The supervision of the hospital was given to the City Council of Göttingen. The foundation served, among other things, to secure a pension for the founders. A partial collapse of the hospital chapel in 1929 and renovations changed the fabric of the building. In the buildings of the kindergarten, an adjoining connecting wall that is now free-standing, and the rest of the hospital chapel, however, clear remains of late Gothic architecture can be seen. The half-timbered upper floor of the chapel and the larger southwestern sandstone building, which expanded the former chapel space, were replaced by smaller modern extensions after the collapse. The former hospital chapel was converted from a storage room into a writing workshop (“scriptorium”) in 2014 and is to be used for church educational purposes.
Personalities who have worked locally
- Burghard von Lüpke (* 1939), forest scientist, headed the Reinhausen Forestry Office from 1973 to 1991.
- Klaus-Peter Bruns (1913–2011), politician and farmer
Web links
- Search for Reinhausen in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
- Reinhausen website
- Website of the municipality of Gleichen
Individual evidence
- ↑ Inhabitants of the community of Gleichen (as of May 4, 2015), accessed on March 3, 2016
- ^ The documents of Heinrich IV. Edited by Dietrich von Gladiß and Alfred Gawlik . Monumenta Germaniae Historica . The documents of the German kings and emperors 4., p. 616 f. ( No. 457. )
- ↑ Kirstin Casemir, Uwe Ohainski, Jürgen Udolph : The place names of the district of Göttingen . In: Jürgen Udolph (Hrsg.): Lower Saxony Place Name Book (NOB) . Part IV. Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2003, ISBN 3-89534-494-X , p. 328 f .
- ↑ a b c Peter Ferdinand Lufen: Göttingen district, part 2. Altkreis Duderstadt with the communities Friedland and Gleichen and the joint communities Gieboldehausen and Radolfshausen . In: Christiane Segers-Glocke (Hrsg.): Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony . tape 5.3 . CW Niemeyer, Hameln 1997, ISBN 3-8271-8257-3 , p. 275-281 .
- ↑ Heinrich Lücke: On the banks of the garden. History and literature from the southeast corner of the Göttingen region . Mecke, Duderstadt 1927, p. 206 .
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 208 .
- ↑ Wahlen.kdgoe.de
- ↑ Local councils (PDF) of the municipality of Gleichen, accessed on December 24, 2016
- ^ Göttingen district archive, coats of arms of the localities of the municipality of Gleichen and their descriptions, email from April 24, 2019, municipality of Gleichen
- ↑ Ulfrid Müller: Reinhausen monastery church . Large monuments, issue 257. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1971
- ↑ The Hurkut Stone . Information board at the Hurkutstein
- ↑ Protection status deleted . Article in the Göttinger Tageblatt of December 30, 2009
- ↑ Jägerstein. Galerie Göttinger Land, accessed on January 14, 2010 .
- ↑ Designated natural monuments. (PDF; 27 kB) (No longer available online.) Göttingen district, November 22, 2007, archived from the original on November 7, 2007 ; Retrieved January 14, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Protection status deleted. Göttinger Tageblatt, December 29, 2009, accessed on January 14, 2010 .
- ↑ Wolfgang Lustig: Reinhausen through the centuries , Göttingen 1991, p. 4
- ^ Exhibition and greetings on the occasion of the opening of the "Scriptorium" on the Open Monument Day 2014
Beienrode | Benniehausen | Bischhausen | Bremke with Appenrode , Elbickerode , Sennickerode and Vogelsang | Diemarden | Etzenborn | Gelliehausen | Great Lengden | Ischenrode | Kerstlingerode | Klein Lengden | Reinhausen | Rittmarshausen | Sattenhausen | Weißenborn | Woellmarshausen