Niedernjesa
|
Niedernjesa
Friedland parish
|
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Height : | 168 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 8.37 km² |
| Residents : | 1082 |
| Population density : | 129 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1973 |
| Postal code : | 37133 |
| Area code : | 05509 |
Niedernjesa is the northernmost part of the municipality of Friedland in southern Lower Saxony . The Reinshof monastery estate belongs to Niedernjesa and has been used since 1980 as an experimental farm for agricultural economics and agricultural technology at the Georg-August University of Göttingen . The low-lying western area of Niedernjesa is on the edge of the flood area of the Leine, as the flood map shows. Niedernjesa is located on the western edge of the breeding and protection area of the red kite . The construction of wind turbines northwest of Niedernjesa has been under discussion since 2014.
geography
location
The place is 7 km south of Göttingen in the Leinetal on the river Leine and near the federal road 27 and the Wendebach reservoir .
climate
The long-term average annual rainfall is 645 mm; 203 mm fall from May to July and 310 mm from May to September. Relatively little rainfall is evenly distributed over an average of 121 days. The mean annual temperature is a long-term average of 8.7 ° C, namely 15.3 ° C from May to July and 15.2 ° C from May to September. The period between the first and last frost lasts 170 days. The mean relative humidity is 77.3%.
Wendebach reservoir
To protect against flooding, the community of Niedernjesa above Niedernjesa started building a retention basin on the Wendebach in 1967 , which was completed between 1970 and 1973. The two-part dam was 260 m long, 15 m high and had a crown 5 m wide. During flooding, the Wendebach could be dammed over a length of 2 km, a width of 400 m and an area of 28 ha. The surface of the reservoir was then at a height of 180 m above sea level , and the reservoir then held 1,520,000 m³ of water.
The dam has dammed the Wendebach , a tributary of the Leine , since 1973 . The Wendebach reservoir only partially achieved the desired complete flood protection for federal highway 3 and the village of Niedernjesa, and its two earth embankments would pose an additional risk for federal highway 3 and the town of Niedernjesa in the event of a high tidal wave, because the stability of the two 15 meter high earth embankments was despite repeated renovation was not guaranteed and this could not withstand an equally high tidal wave.
The renovation, which began on October 6, 2014, promises more security for the region. Now the Friedland community is forced to protect Niedernjesa with its own dykes.
The swimming lake is closed during the renovation.
After the renovation, the two dams in the middle will be about seven meters lower than before, the water level of the bathing lake will then still be 4.65 meters (measured at the blocking point), and a flood relief system will ensure that a very large large and rare millennium floods the dam can pass as safely as the current technical regulations, according to which such systems as the Wendebach reservoir are planned, built and operated today.
- The modification
On October 6, 2014, employees of the Lower Saxony State Office for Water Management, Coastal and Nature Conservation (NLWKN) opened the dam and started draining the water. Since October 6, 2014, the edge areas of the Wendebach reservoir have been searched for mussels that have been relocated. When the water level was so low that the fish could be recovered from the outlet structure with the help of nets and grids, members of the Goettingen sport fishing club picked up the fish in a species-appropriate manner and transferred them to their own waters. Then the remaining water was drained and the lake was desludged.
In spring 2015 the final dam was removed by around seven meters and a new flood relief system was installed; At the same time, the previous flood relief system was backfilled. In June 2015, the Zweckverband and the non-profit employment promotion company GAB renewed the bathing jetty and the bridge over the Wendebach on the circular route of the lake at a price of 42,600 euros. The closing dams were removed by around seven meters and provided with a new flood relief system, which is suitable for discharging a so-called millennium flood; At the same time, the previous flood relief system was backfilled.
The state of Lower Saxony made 180,000 euros available for desludging. That was only enough for the bathing area and the adjacent areas. From Leader funds, there is to be a grant of 22,000 euros for the bathing jetty; the total costs here are 50,000 euros.
In January and February 2016, the reservoir was filled up to the original permanent water level of 171 meters above sea level (4.65 meters water depth at the blocking point). The amphibians quickly found their way back to their original spawning waters at the Wendebach reservoir. Fish and mussels were then restocked in consultation with fishing experts. On June 7, 2016, the lake was reopened as a swimming lake.
Rosdorf quarry pond
On the area of the monastery chamber of Hanover near Reinshof, the Rosdorfer Baggersee was created in 1969 in the course of gravel mining a few meters east of the Leine , 40 years later it already had an area of 15 hectares and a water depth of over 40 m. It is located near the north-western border of the Niedernjesa district and thus on the north-western boundary of Friedland and has been used as a local recreation area since the 1970s, especially by the Göttingen and Rosdorf population. Access to the lake has always been free and free, nude bathing is common, but bathing and walking are officially prohibited. The number of bathers in summer is very high, but there are no sanitary facilities and no regular waste disposal . The erection of fences around the lake is not permitted because the lake is in the floodplain of the Leine.
Several times both the district and the municipality of Friedland refused, with reference to the bathing ban, to address the problems of the bathing lake, which is a few 100 meters south of the city limits of Göttingen and which is only used very rarely by the population of the municipality of Friedland, including that of Niedernjesa becomes. In August 2013, District Administrator Bernhard Reuter replied to a request in the district council that future use as bathing water was not planned. In July 2014, the district refused to comply with the request of the Hanover Ministry of the Environment and to draw up a bathing water quality assessment, and thereupon asked the Friedland community to explicitly prohibit bathing again by statute. Friedland's mayor Andreas Friedrichs ( SPD ) then emphasized emphatically that swimming in the lake was prohibited. This prohibition is to be observed.
Planned flood protection for Niedernjesa
From 1967 to 2014 the Wendebach reservoir made an unfortunately insufficient contribution to the flood protection of Niedernjesa. The Wendebach reservoir lost this function in the years 2014 to 2016 due to the construction of a lower dam that only dammed the water up to the desired height of the Wendebach bathing pond. Since then, a solution for flood protection for Niedernjesa has been sought.
In 1981 Niedernjesa was hit by a high flood. Other lower floods followed later. The Lower Saxony State Agency for Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation is funding a maximum of plans for a flood of the century (HQ100). This value HQ100 is relevant for flood prevention and flood protection measures , where it is used to dimension flood- relevant systems such as dams and bridges. But dams related to HQ100 do not offer protection from a possible higher flood. The residents of Niedernjesa originally hoped for a higher level of flood protection, because the Minister of the Environment, Stefan Wenzel , had promised preferential support for Niedernjesa by the state of Lower Saxony in 2013 due to the discontinuation of protection by the Wendebach reservoir .
In 2013, however, the floodplains were only specified for an HQ100 flood. In 2014 a funding application was approved for the preliminary planning and in 2015 for the draft planning. By the end of 2015, 103,000 euros (including 82,000 euros in funding) had been spent on it. In November 2015, the investigations into the soil quality began in order to be able to build stable dams and walls.
At the beginning of November 2015, the new plan for the HQ100 flood protection of Niedernjesa was presented to the Friedland construction committee. In this plan, however, a flood dam is missing in the north along Klothgasse, which was completely under water during the 1981 flood. At the meeting at the beginning of December 2015, the local council unanimously agreed to pursue the first draft presented three years ago for flood protection in Niedernjesa. This included a flood protection dam along the street Klothgasse from the outskirts to the pumping station. The last plan from the beginning of November 2015 no longer provides for this northern part of the flood protection. It is known from experience in Niedernjesa that Klothgasse is partially flooded during floods. The concern is that Niedernjesa will fill up from there if the dike in the north of Niedernjesa is missing.
Flood protection measures can only be started after the pending plan approval decision. (As of June 24, 2016.)
history
etymology
The place name Niedernjesa is first mentioned in writing as in Minori Jese around 1269, after a village Gese / Jese / Iese has been recorded since 1022, but it is not yet differentiated between Obern and Niedern. Mention: by Gese in the years 1022, 1142, 1168, 1197, by Jese in the year 1100 and by Yese in the year 1189.
The derivation of the part of the name "Jesa" is not entirely clear: From the root jesan (ferment, foam ) a partial name of the Leine could have emerged, which was transferred to the villages of Niedernjesa and Obernjesa, but even from the older and more important main name "Leine" has been repressed and has been forgotten.
middle Ages
The age of Niedernjesa is not known. Niedernjesa is mentioned for the first time in writing in 1269. The sometimes mentioned mention from the year 1022 in the deed book of the Hildesheim monastery in a forged document allegedly Heinrich II. Could also refer to Obernjesa , since no more detailed determination is given. In 1448, Niedernjesa was a direct administrative village of the Friedland Office in Friedland Castle, which was built in the 13th century.
Reinshof Monastery Estate
The Reinshof monastery property is located north of Niedernjesa at an altitude of 150 m above sea level. One of the special features of the courtyard is the pigeon tower, a square, three-storey half-timbered building with a flat tent roof.
The operating area of the Reinshof is located in the water protection area (water protection zone III). The majority belongs to the "Leinebergland" nature reserve. About 30% of the agricultural land is in the floodplain of the Leine and Garte.
The Reinshof monastery was built as an outbuilding for the Augustinian convent in Weende and was managed as an independent monastery from 1890 to 1980. In 1448 the Reinshof monastery was an indirect administrative village of the Friedland office. Indirect official villages were aristocratic and monastic official villages. 1852 Reinshof came from the office Friedland for Office Göttingen . After the Prussian annexation of Hanover in 1866, the Göttingen office belonged to the newly founded district of Göttingen. On April 1, 1885, the Göttingen office was dissolved; it went up in the district of Göttingen. The district of Göttingen was formed from the offices of Göttingen and Reinhausen.
The Reinshof remained an independent manor district in the Göttingen district. By law of December 27, 1927, the Reinshof estate, which had been independent until then, was repealed and merged with the Niedernjesa community. In 1980 the monastery chamber of Hanover leased the Reinshof monastery to the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , which has since used it as a test farm for agricultural economics and agricultural technology.
From around 1890 to 1975 the monastery estate owned an agricultural railway with a fixed track from the estate to the train station in Rosdorf. There were also various branch tracks on the dirt roads. If necessary during the sugar beet season, additional tracks were laid. Horses and oxen were used as opening credits and tractors from 1974 to 1975. On a paved dirt road that leads from the south into the estate, there are still ruts for the double flange wheels that are built into the cobblestones.
Modern times
In 1867, Niedernjesa was connected to the Heiligenstadt – Arenshausen – Friedland – Göttingen railway line. The evenly loose building structure of the 19th century without a recognizable town center has largely been preserved except for local extensions in the north and especially in the southeast of the town.
The years 1950 to 1973
Since the construction maintenance of the church and the rectory had been neglected for decades, Pastor Paul Gäbler and the church council took care of the new roofing of the rectory in Niedernjesa in 1951, in 1952 for the construction of a sewage treatment plant in the rectory and in 1970 for external work on the St. Laurentius Church in Niedernjesa. In 1954 the new cemetery chapel was built in Niedernjesa.
A special highlight was the centenary of the St. Laurentius Church in Niedernjesa, designed in 1855 by the architect Otto Praël, on June 26, 1955. During the festive service in the church, the Golden Confirmation was celebrated for the Golden Confirmands, who were confirmed between 1887 and 1905 had been. In the afternoon Paul Gäbler organized the centenary of the St. Laurentius Church under the Luther linden tree, in which all local associations participated. The Luther linden tree was planted in 1867 for the 350th anniversary of the announcement of the 95 theses by Martin Luther . It was broken up by the storm in 1972 and replaced on May 20, 1973 by a linden tree of the "Tilia front 3-4xv" variety with a trunk circumference of 25 to 30 cm.
On January 1, 1973, Niedernjesa was incorporated into the Friedland community.
politics
Local council
The local council consists of seven councilors and councilors.
- SPD : 4 seats
- Niedernjesa community of voters: 3 seats
(Status: local election on September 11, 2016 )
Coat of arms
The blue sign shows from the bottom left to the top right a shiny white-silver river (brook). On the side of the river, a white and silver wing is shown at the top left and a white and silver fish at the bottom right. The river refers to the place name, in which the syllables -jesa indicate fast flowing water.
Culture and sight
Architectural monuments in Niedernjesa
The following building ensembles in Niedernjesa are under monument protection (as of 1997):
- Journey: St. Laurentius Church in Niedernjesa
- Trip 4: Former school, now village community center, with outbuildings
- Drive 8: Former rectory next to the church tower, now a private house, which was renovated around 2010. It is a two-story half-timbered building with a high hipped roof .
- Reinshof Monastery Estate
- Klothgasse 4: The house is a two-story half-timbered building with a slightly protruding upper floor and dates from the second half of the eighteenth century.
- Winkelstraße 2: This is a stately three-sided courtyard with a barn. On the south side of the courtyard there is a two-story half-timbered house built in the middle of the nineteenth century and an apparently even older residential annex, which was also built as a two-story half-timbered building. An elongated cross barn on the north side from the end of the 19th century closes the three-sided courtyard in the north.
- Winkelstrasse 13
- To the island / trip: The Tie
- Regarding island 3: The house is an elongated half-timbered building facing the street and facing the street, with a hipped roof. The house was probably built towards the end of the 18th century.
St. Laurentius Church in Niedernjesa
Niedernjesa is dominated by the Evangelical Church of St. Laurentius with its church tower, which is over 900 years old. A wide staircase leads up from the main street to the front door of the church. Above the entrance door on this narrow side of the church is the large round clock face of the church clock, which from a distance looks like a trademark of the church and shows "what has come". From a distance - e.g. from passing trains - Niedernjesa shows its distinctive profile: the village rises in full width out of the Leine valley and is dominated by the white painted St. Laurentius Church, whose round clock becomes the symbol of the village.
The sparingly structured nave, painted white, was designed by the agricultural master builder Otto Praël in 1855 and attached to the west of the existing church tower. In the corner emphasis and in the flat portal frame, the nave shows sparingly set individual forms that correspond to the repertoire of forms of the nineteenth century. The interior is structured by a U-shaped gallery supported by columns. The design of the nave clearly stands out from the striking east tower. The seemingly block-like east tower is structured by narrow windows and an irregular corner block, which stands out from the quarry stone masonry. The tower is crowned by a slipped lantern-shaped dome.
The church tower may have served as a defensive tower in a former monastery complex, as it was surrounded by a moat that was still visible in the gardens of the Hinterthür and Herborg families in 1917.
The St. Laurentius Church is a listed building. A special highlight was the centenary of St. Laurentius Church in Niedernjesa on June 26, 1955. During the festive divine service in the church, the golden confirmation was celebrated for the golden confirmands who had been confirmed between 1887 and 1905. In the afternoon Paul Gäbler organized the centenary of the St. Laurentius Church under the Luther linden tree, in which all local associations participated.
societies
Status: February 2015.
- Bowling Club Niedernjesa
- German Red Cross - Niedernjesa local association
- Niedernjesa volunteer fire brigade
- Frauensingkreis Niedernjesa
- Göttinger Märchenland eV
- Bachelor Niedernjesa eV
- Kyffhäuser Kameradschaft Niedernjesa
- Men's Choir MGV "Concordia"
- Schützenverein Niedernjesa eV
- Sportgemeinschaft Niedernjesa from 1925 eV
- Aufbruch Foundation - Foundation of the parishes of Niedernjesa and Stockhausen
- Therapeutic Riding Club Sankt Martin eV
Personalities
- Paul Gäbler (born December 25, 1901 in Tiruvallur in Tamil Nadu , † October 3, 1972 in Göttingen ) took over the pastoral position for Niedernjesa and Stockhausen from 1950 to 1970 . His professional mandate included the training of vicars . Within the Ev.-luth. Regional church of Hanover , he was chairman of the church councils of Niedernjesa and Stockhausen and a member of the district church council, the synod and numerous ecumenical specialist committees. The Georg August University of Göttingen assigned him a teaching position for missiology at the theological faculty of the Georg August University of Göttingen from 1957 to 1972 . He was also a translator for the World Council of Churches and took part on their behalf at the 3rd General Assembly of the World Council of Churches in New Delhi in 1961 .
swell
- ↑ See No. 21 and No. 23 on the card "Hard taboo areas". Niedernjesa is on the top left of the map. .
- ↑ work card 1 d landscape and species protection; the Wendebach reservoir is shown as a white area in the upper area of the map. More maps can be found here .
- ↑ Meeting on January 30, 2014 of the Stockhausen local council, public part: agenda item 9.
- ↑ goettinger city info "Baggersee"
- ↑ Landkreis Göttingen - Gravel mining in the Rosdorf gravel plant (request Die Linke and answer administration)
- ↑ Göttinger Tageblatt of July 20, 2014
- ↑ Jürgen Gückel: "Then the village from the north is full." Third draft for flood protection in Niedernjesa is met with skepticism by residents: Göttiner Tageblatt of November 7, 2015. and "Local council wants protection as in the first plan. Flood protection in Niedernjesa." Göttiner Tageblatt from December 9, 2015.
- ↑ K. Janicke: Document book of the Hochstifts Hildesheim and his bishops I, 370. Leipzig 1896. Quoted from: Förstemann: Altdt. Name book, 2 vol., Volume 2.1. AK., Reprint of the 3rd edition from 1913, column 1040 under Ges, Gese.
- ↑ a b Kirstin Casemir, Uwe Ohainski, Jürgen Udolph: The place names of the district of Göttingen (= Jürgen Udolph [Hrsg.]: Lower Saxon Place Name Book (NOB) . Part IV). Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2003, ISBN 3-89534-494-X , p. 225-229 .
- ↑ Source: Agricultural Railway of the Reinshof Estate . and From the agricultural field train to the small train ( memento of the original from January 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. with illustrations.
- ↑ a b Peter Ferdinand Lufen: Göttingen district, part 2. Altkreis Duderstadt with the communities Friedland and Gleichen and the joint communities Gieboldehausen and Radolfshausen . In: Christiane Segers-Glocke (Hrsg.): Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony . tape 5.3 . CW Niemeyer, Hameln 1997, ISBN 3-8271-8257-3 , p. 236 f .
- ^ Paul Gäbler: New cemetery chapel in Niedernjesa. In: Göttinger Tageblatt No. 274 of November 25, 1954.
- ^ A b Paul Gäbler: The centenary of the church in Niedernjesa. In: Göttinger Tageblatt No. 146 of June 28, 1955.
- ↑ Working group village chronicle of the village of Niedernjesa (ed.): Our village. Niedernjesa yesterday and today. Self-published 1992. Pages 147–157.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes for municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 208 .
- ↑ https://wahlen.kdgoe.de/historie/2016kw/Daten/159013_000078/index.html
- ↑ Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany: "Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony" Volume 5.3: "Landkreis Göttingen Altkreis Duderstadt", edited by Peter Ferdinand Lufen. Publishing house CW Niemeyer, Hameln 1997.
- ↑ The master builder Otto Praël built the public prosecutor's office in Göttingen from 1854-1856, the auditorium of the Georg August University from 1832-1837 and the Church of Our Lady in Moringen from 1847-1850 .
- ↑ In the document book of the Hildesheim Monastery, the foundation deed on page 63 in volume 1 in lines 25-27: 67 Bishop Bernward (993-1022) testifies that he founded and endowed a monastery outside the city wall in honor of Saint Michael . Hildesheim 1022 Nov 1. Further documentary information about the monastery can be found here: Working group village chronicle of the village of Niedernjesa (ed.): Our village. Niedernjesa yesterday and today. Self-published in 1992. Page 5.
- ↑ Source: From the Heimat Heft 11, August 1917. Quoted from: Working group village chronicle of the village of Niedernjesa (ed.): Our village. Niedernjesa yesterday and today. Self-published 1992. Pages 136–138.
- ↑ [1]
literature
- Paul Gäbler : New cemetery chapel in Niedernjesa. In: Göttinger Tageblatt No. 274 of November 25, 1954.
- Paul Gäbler : The centenary of the church in Niedernjesa. In: Göttinger Tageblatt No. 146 of June 28, 1955.
- Working group village chronicle of the village of Niedernjesa (ed.): Our village. Niedernjesa yesterday and today. Self published in 1992.
- Th. Saile: A late Neolithic settlement near Reinshof in Leinegraben (Gde. Friedland, Ldkr. Göttingen). In: News from Lower Saxony's Prehistory Vol. 66 (01) / 1997 page 157ff. 1997.
- Gerhard Pfister: The monetary value of a landscape change using the example of afforestation of an agricultural area. In: Forest and Wood. Trade journal for forestry, forest ecology, timber industry, environmental and hunting management. Schaper, Alfeld (Leine). Vol. 46 (1991) pp. 465-467. ISSN 0932-9315 .
Web links
- Niedernjesa (accessed February 18, 2015)
- Map and surroundings of Niedernjesa
- Friedland Parish (accessed February 18, 2015)
- Ev.-luth. Community of Friedland (Accessed February 18, 2015)
- Services (Accessed February 18, 2015)
- Nazi forced labor in Niedernjesa (accessed on February 18, 2015)
- Future of the nursery property (accessed on February 18, 2015)
- Listed building on Leineinsel . (Accessed February 18, 2015)
