Mollenfelde

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Mollenfelde
Friedland parish
Coordinates: 51 ° 24 ′ 32 "  N , 9 ° 50 ′ 37"  E
Height : 305 m above sea level NHN
Incorporation : 1st January 1973
Postal code : 37133
Area code : 05504
Mollenfelde seen from the south

Mollenfelde is a district of the Friedland community in the Göttingen district in Lower Saxony .

Geographical location

The place, characterized by half - timbered buildings , is nestled in the upper Molletal at about 300  m above sea level. NHN on the western edge of the municipality, 5 km west of the center of Friedland. The valley of the Hübenbach , a tributary of the Werra , connects to the southwest . 208 inhabitants live on an area of ​​6.93 km². The municipality extends in the south like a wedge into the Hessian area up to the heights of the sand forest ( Steinköpfe : 413  m above sea level ). Connected traffic is the default location on the national road 565 / 3238 , immediately northwest extending Bundesautobahn 7 .

View from the northeast over Mollenfelde

history

The place was first mentioned in writing in 1032 as Molduggauel , Molduggaue and Molduggavel . In 1370 Otto der Quade transferred half the village to the Lords of Stockhausen , who held the property until 1459. In that year they enfeoffed the Lords of Bodenhausen with their property in Mollenfelde, which was sold to Parakeet von Berlepsch in 1462 . During this time the village was transferred to the Landgrave of Hesse, who from then on acted as feudal lord and bought the property of the von Stockhausen family. In 1618 Mollenfelde was divided between Hesse ( Witzenhausen Office ) and the Principality of Göttingen ; From 1832 the entire place belonged to the Kingdom of Hanover , at that time it was economically dependent on the Lords of Berlepsch. Forestry and quarries have always been the most important jobs in the area, as agriculture was only possible to a limited extent due to the poor quality of the soil and the microclimate . These poor working conditions also meant that many Mollenfelder emigrated to the regions of northern Hesse and southern Hanover.

In the immediate vicinity, on the elevation of the Sachsenbühl in the Mollenfelder Forst, facing right to Berlepsch Castle, there is a hallway called Gräfenhain or Gräfenhagen . In earlier times there was a village of this name at this point, which is still mentioned in 1369, but later fell into desolation .

There used to be a Jewish cemetery in Mollenfelde . Little is known, however, about the beginnings of the Jewish community. The village of Mollenfelde, which was partly Hessian and partly Hanoverian in the 18th century, formed a synagogue community with Hermannrode in Hesse in 1830. Both places had their own cemetery, but shared a synagogue building rented from the innkeeper Mollenfeldes . Nothing is known about the existence of a mikveh , the head of the community changed every two years. The construction of a synagogue in Jacob Katz's garden in 1818 provoked protests from Schulzen in the Hessian part of Mollenfeld, who appealed to the Witzenhausen office against the suspected “shouting” of the Jews. The construction was not carried out despite Hessian permission. The main reason was that in 1820 Hanover issued a ban on four Jews from participating in the construction of a synagogue. The plans were resumed in 1832, but the Protestant pastor and his congregation now raised objections, who were concerned about their own peace and quiet during church worship. One proposal was aimed at allowing a synagogue only outside the village. While up to 25% of the population were Jewish in the first half of the 19th century, a large number of Jews later moved away, many joined the Jewish community in Göttingen. The last Jewish residents left Mollenfelde in 1917.

Until 2004, the European Bread Museum , which shows a cultural-historical collection on the subject of “From Grain to Bread”, was located in Mollenfelde. Since then it has been located in the former Radolfshausen Forestry Office in Ebergötzen (also in the Göttingen district). The Bread Museum in Mollenfelde was founded in 1969, when representatives of the bakery trade and politicians from the federal, state and regional levels set up the non-profit association European Bread Museum eV . A year earlier, the Berlin master baker Otto Kunkel bought a half-timbered house in the village to make his exhibits on the subject of from grain to bread accessible to the public. The opening ceremony took place in 1971 by the Federal Minister of Economics . In the decades that followed, the museum always had high visitor numbers, but the outdoor area, which housed a café and a stone oven , also attracted many interested people, so that the focus was more on the economic aspect of the museum. Extensions were planned for this; Among other things, a café with 80 seats, a granary and a carriage house were to be opened. However, since there was not enough space, a relocation of the museum was considered, which was later realized with the move to Ebergötzen.

On January 1, 1973, Mollenfelde was incorporated into the Friedland community.

Worth seeing

The church of Mollenfelde

The Protestant church in the village has a fortified tower that probably dates back to the Middle Ages ; unusually it is on the east side of the church. The lintel over the west entrance of the church is dated to 1758. Berlepsch Castle is located southwest of the Mollenfelde forester's house .

politics

Local council

The local council consists of five councilors and councilors.

  • Mollenfelde voter community: 5 seats

(As of: local election on September 11, 2011 )

literature

Web links

Commons : Mollenfelde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kirstin Casemir, Uwe Ohainski, Jürgen Udolph: The place names of the district of Göttingen . In: Jürgen Udolph (Hrsg.): Lower Saxony Place Name Book (NOB) . Part IV. Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2003, ISBN 3-89534-494-X , p. 284 f .
  2. ^ Klaus Wettig: Search for traces and found objects. Göttingen stories . Wallstein-Verlag, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-8353-0122-1 , p. 8 .
  3. ^ Wilhelm Lotze: History of the city of Münden and the surrounding area . Self-published, Hann. Münden 1878, p. 301 .
  4. ↑ Mollenfelde. In: Overview of all projects for the documentation of Jewish grave inscriptions in the area of ​​the Federal Republic of Germany ; here: Lower Saxony
  5. ^ Herbert Obenaus, David Bankier, Daniel Fraenkel: Historical manual of the Jewish communities in Lower Saxony and Bremen, Volume II . Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, p. 1052 .
  6. ^ Herbert Obenaus, David Bankier, Daniel Fraenkel: Historical manual of the Jewish communities in Lower Saxony and Bremen, excerpt from Mollenfelde . Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, p. 51–54 ( PDF [accessed July 15, 2012]).
  7. ^ Gerhard Ströhlein: A visit to the center of Germany. Nature - culture - tourism . In: Tobias Reeh, Gerhard Ströhlein (ed.): ZELTForum - Göttingen writings on landscape interpretation and tourism . tape 3 . Universitätsverlag, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-938616-55-5 , p. 134 .
  8. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 208 .
  9. ↑ http://wahlen.kds.de/2011kw/Daten/152009_000035/index.html