Vanessa braziliensis
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Vanessa braziliensis is a butterfly ( butterflies ) of the genus Vanessa fromthe noble butterfly family (Nymphalidae), which is widespread in southeastern South America. The Spanish common name is Dama de cuatro ojos (lady with four eyes), in Quechua she is called Pirpinto Manchado .
features
Both sexes of Vanessa braziliensis look the same. The moths have a wingspan of 38 to 46 mm and an orange-brown basic color with black spots. The apex (wing tip) of the forewings is black with white spots. In the submarginal zone of the upper side of the hind wings there are two black eye spots with a sky-blue core. They look very similar to the closely related species Vanessa carye , but they have four black eye spots with a sky-blue core.
Aberration elymi
A rare aberration elymi is known that also occurs in other species of the genus Vanessa . This lacks the discal wing drawing, the subapical dark elements merge and it shows a row with white, submarginal spots. This aberration is likely caused by the cold during the pupal phase. She was starting as a Pyrameis huntera . dallasi Koehler , described in 1945.
Geographical distribution and habitat
distribution
Vanessa braziliensis occurs in South America in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones south of the Amazon and east of the Andes . Evidence is available from central and southern Brazil , Bolivia , Peru , Ecuador , Uruguay , in the northern provinces and the center of Argentina and from Paraguay .
In Brazil, Vanessa braziliensis occurs in the states of Rio Grande do Sul ( Serra do Sudeste and in the vicinity of Pelotas ), São Paulo and Espírito Santo . In Argentina in the provinces of Misiones , Chaco , Formosa , Corrientes , Río Negro and Buenos Aires . In Paraguay, Vanessa braziliensis occurs in the provinces of Itapúa , Misiones , Paraguarí , Departamento Central , Canindeyú , Ñeembucú , Alto Paraná and Caazapá .
habitat
The habitat of Vanessa braziliensis includes meadows, steppes, scrubland and savannas in lower elevations with open and sunny terrain and a layer of herbs. In addition, the species lives in the edges of trees by small streams. Areas shaped by humans such as fallow land, agricultural areas, gardens, also in urban areas, are suitable living spaces. In the southern distribution area (Paraguay) it probably migrates. Nothing is known about their behavior in middle and low latitudes.
Way of life
In Paraguay, Vanessa braziliensis flies from late April to mid-November during the winter in the southern hemisphere.
The caterpillars of Vanessa braziliensis fold and spin leaves of the food plant into a leaf bag, in which they live until they pupate.
The caterpillars mainly feed on plants from the sunflower family (Asteraceae):
- Daisy family (Asteraceae)
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Mallow family (Malvaceae)
- Marshmallow ( Althaea )
Synonyms
- Pyrameis virginiensis Drury , 1770
- Papilio huntera Fabricius , 1775
- Pyrameis braziliensis Moore , 1883
- Pyrameis huntera var. Rubia Staudinger , 1894
- Pyrameis virginiensis Drury , 1894
- Vanessa cardini ushuwaia Bryk , 1944
- Pyrameis huntera from dallasi Köhler , 1945
- Vanessa virginiensis brasiliensis Hayward , 1949
- Vanessa virginiensis braziliensis Hayward , 1950
- Vanessa virginiensis braziliensis Brown & Mielke , 1967
- Vanessa braziliensis Brown & Mielke , 2000
literature
- Andrés Oscar Contreras Chialchi, Julio Rafael Contreras Roqué: Presencia del género Vanessa FABRICIUS, 1807 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), en la Ecorregión del Ñeembucú y en el Paraguay Oriental . Series A: Ciencias Naturales. In: Instituto de Bioecología e Investigación Subtropical "Félix de Azara" (ed.): Azariana, Series A: Ciencias Naturales . tape 1 , no. 20 , 2010, ISSN 2075-4191 , p. 205–212 (Spanish, PDF [accessed December 14, 2014]).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gerardo Lamas: Ocoourence of the Elymi Aberrant Phenotype in Vanessa carye (Huebner) (Nymphalidae) The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 22 (2): 115-117, 1983 PDF
