Velloziaceae

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Velloziaceae
Flower of Talbotia elegans

Flower of Talbotia elegans

Systematics
Department : Vascular plants (tracheophyta)
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Monocots
Order : Screw tree-like (Pandanales)
Family : Velloziaceae
Scientific name
Velloziaceae
Hook.
Talbotia elegans , habit and flowers from the side, the ovary below is clearly visible
Xerophyta viscosa

The Velloziaceae are a family of plants in the order of the screw tree-like (Pandanales). The roughly ten genera with around 250 species are distributed in the tropics and subtropics, with a center of biodiversity in South America .

description

The species in the family are perennial arboreal or herbaceous plants . Like all monocotyledons , they have no secondary growth in thickness. The alternate and spiral leaves are simple. They are more or less xerophytic . The leaf margin is smooth or (prickly) serrated.

The flowers stand together singly or in small numbers in inflorescences . The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. The six identical bloom cladding sheets ( perigone ) are free or fused. There are 6 to 66 stamens per flower . The three pistils have become an under-earth, syncarp ovary grown. There are one or two styluses; if it is one then it can be overgrown up to the top or to different degrees.

They form capsule fruits . The seeds contain starch.

Systematics and distribution

This family with a Gondwana distribution occurs in the paleotropic and neotropical flora kingdoms from the subtropics to the tropics . Their disjoint area includes tropical South America , Africa , Arabia and Madagascar . Only one species each occurs in China ( Acanthochlamys bracteata ), Yemen and Saudi Arabia ( Xerophyta arabica ) and around 30 species occur in Africa and Madagascar. All other species occur in South America, with only one of them ( Vellozia tubiflora ) reaching to Central America (Panama).

The Velloziaceae family is divided into two subfamilies and ten genera with about 240 species:

  • Subfamily Vellozioideae NLMenezes : It contains about nine genera with about 239 species:
    • Aylthonia N.L. Menezes : Some authors put them on Barbacenia .
    • Barbacenia Vand. : The 110or sospecies are mainly in Brazil (mainly in the center and east) and only Barbacenia celiae is also common in Venezuela .
    • Barbaceniopsis L.B.Sm. : The four or so species occur in northwestern Argentina, Bolivia and Peru.
    • Burlemarxia N.L. Menezes & Semir : Some authors put them on Barbacenia . It contains only three species that are found in Brazil.
    • Nanuza L.B.Sm. & Ayensu : The three or so species occur in eastern Brazil.
    • Pleurostima Raf. : The 12 or so species are common in tropical South America. Some authors also put them on barbacenia .
    • Talbotia Balf . (Syn .: Talbotiopsis L.B.Sm. ): The genus is assigned to Xerophyta by some authors . It contains only one type:
    • Vellozia Vand. : The approximately 132 species in are widespread in Bolivia, Brazil (mainly in the center and east), Colombia, Guyana, Venezuela and Panama.
    • Xerophyta Juss. : The approximately 57 species are distributed in tropical and southern Africa, in Madagascar (three species occur only there) and on the Arabian Peninsula.
  • Subfamily Acanthochlamydoideae (Syn .: Acanthochlamydaceae): It contains only one monotypic genus:
    • Acanthochlamys PCKao : it contains only one species:
      • Acanthochlamys bracteata P.C.Kao : It thrives at altitudes between 2,700 and 3,500 meters only in the Chinese province of western Sichuan and in the eastern part of the autonomous region of Tibet .

Illustrations

Vellozia species:

  • Vellozia albiflora

  • Vellozia glauca

  • Vellozia graminea

  • Vellozia minima

  • Vellozia phalocarpa

  • Vellozia pusilla

  • Vellozia squamata

  • Vellozia sulphurea

swell

  • The family of velloziaceae in APWebsite. (Sections systematics and description)
  • Description of the Velloziaceae family at DELTA. (Section description)
  • Renato de Mello-Silva: Velloziaceae , In: N. Smith, SA Mori, A. Henderson, DW Stevenson & SV Heald: Flowering plants of the neotropics , pp. 490-491, Princeton University Press, 2004.
  • Renato de Mello-Silva: Morphological analysis, phylogenies and classification in Velloziaceae , In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , Volume 148, Issue 2, 2005, pp. 157-173. Full text PDF. (Sections systematics and description)
  • Renato de Mello-Silva: Three new Combinations in Barbacenia (Velloziaceae) , Neodiversity , Volume 3, 1-2, 2008: full-text PDF.
  • Renato de Mello-Silva, 2009: Neotropical Velloziaceae at Neotropikey .
  • Renato Mello-Silva, Déborah Yara AC Santos, Maria Luiza F. Salatino, Lucimar B. Motta, Marina B. Cattai, Denise Sasaki, Juliana Lovo, Patrícia B. Pita, Cintia Rocini, Cristiane DN Rodrigues, Mehdi Zarrei & Mark W. Chase: Five vicarious genera from Gondwana: the Velloziaceae as shown by molecules and morphology , In: Annals of Botany , Volume 108, Issue 1, pp. 87-102. doi : 10.1093 / aob / mcr107 (sections systematics and distribution)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Velloziaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Velloziaceae. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 5, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Velloziaceae  - Collection of images, videos and audio files